Instructions to candidates:
- This paper consists of three sections : A, B and C
- Answer all questions in A and B
- Answer any two questions in section C.
- Candidates should answer the questions in English.
SECTION A (30MARKS)
Answer All the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
-
- List two dual purpose breeds of sheep. (1mark)
- Give two advantages of keeping a Jersey cow instead of a Friesian. (1mark)
- Give two importance of keeping health records in a farm. (1mark)
-
- What is pica as used in livestock production. (½mark)
- State three importance of keeping livestock healthy. (1½marks)
- Name an intermediate host for each of the following parasites.
- Tapeworm (Taeniasolium) (½mark)
- Liver Fluke (Fasciola hepatica) (½mark)
-
- Name the type of breeding system represented below. (½mark)
Ayrshire Sire xBoran Dam → F1 Heifer x Hereford - Outline two characteristics of livestock that are used in mass selection. (1mark)
- Name the type of breeding system represented below. (½mark)
- State four management practices that would ensure maximum harvest of fish from a fish pond. (2marks)
- Distinguish between crutching and ringing as used in livestock production. (1mark)
- Give four reasons why young Lambs should be docked (2marks)
-
- State three disadvantages of natural incubation in poultry production (1½marks)
- Why is it necessary to supplement domestic poultry diet with grit? (½mark)
- Name four properties of a good vaccine (2marks)
- State four factors considered when formulating a livestock ration. (2marks)
- Name two Larval developmental stages of liver fluke that occur outside the intermediatehost. (1mark)
- List four methods of preserving fish after harvesting. (2marks)
- Mention three ways that indigenous livestock farmers use to improve their cattle. (1½marks)
- Differentiate between
- Gilt and Sow (1mark)
- Marking gauge and mortise gauge. (1mark)
- Outline three possible causes of damage to the hide of cattle when the animal.(1½marks)
- Highlight three functions of ventilation in an animal house. (1½marks)
- State four functions of worker bee in a colony. (2marks)
SECTION B (20MARKS)
Answer All the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
- The diagram below represents farm tools.
- Identify the tools labelled A and B (1mark)
- Give one use of each of the tools mentioned in (i) above (2marks)
- Give the two maintenance practices which should be carried out on tool C (2mks)
- The diagram below shows the digestive system of a chicken. Study it and answer question that follow.
- Identify the parts labeled K.L,M and N above. (2mks)
- Give the function of the part labeled M that makes it efficient in digesting food. (2mks)
- Give two characteristics of the part labeled M that make it efficient in digesting food.(1mk)
- Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
- Name the structure illustrated above. (1mark)
- Why should structure be round and not rectangular or square shaped. (1mark)
- Describe the heat situation in the structure. (1mark)
- Give one reason to support your answer in (iii) above. (1mark)
- Why is saw dust not suitable for use as litter in the structure? (1mark)
- Below is a breeding cycle of a ewe in relation to the feeding regime accompanying it. Use it to answer the following questions.
- Name the management practice represented by (i),(ii) and (iii) (3marks)
- Give the importance of practice (i) (3marks)
SECTION C (40MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section in the spaces provided
-
- Five diseases of internal parasites attack in livestock. (10marks)
- Explain the factors to consider when planning a farm layout.(10marks)
-
- Outline ten management practices a farmer should carry out to maintain good healthy in a herd of cattle. (10marks)
- Discuss the management of layers in a deep litter system. (10marks)
-
- Describe five design requirement of a calf pen. (10marks)
- Describe Milk Fever disease under the following sub headings.
- Animals affected (2marks)
- Symptoms (5marks)
- Control and treatment (3marks)
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A
-
-
- Romney marsh
- Corriedale
- Hampshire down (½ x 2 = 1mark)
- Ability to tolerate/withstand high temperature consumes less feed due to small size
Can survive on low/poor quality pastures (½ x 2 = 1mark)
-
-
- Help in culling sickling animals (rej culling sick animals)
- Help in selection of animals for breeding.
- Help in calculation of veterinary/treatment cost
- Assist the former in knowing the prevalent disease
- Show when to vaccinate or deworm
- Help show the health condition of the animals (½ x 2 = 1mark)
-
- Depraved appetite/where animals feed on nonfood materials
-
- To increase quantity of livestock product/work output
- To reduce cost of production
- Prevent spread of diseases
- To increase productive life of livestock
- Regular breeding (½ x 3 = 1 ½ marks)
-
- Pig rej cattle (½ x 1 = ½ mk)
- Water snail/mud snail rej snail alone (½ x 1 ½ mk)
-
- Upgrading/grading up (½ x 1 = ½ mks)
-
- Observable characteristics e.g coat colour, size and shape
- Measurable characteristic eg body weight, milk yield etc (½ x 2 = 1mk)
-
- Control of stocking rate
- Control of water pollution
- Sufficient supply of fish food/nutrients for aquatic life
- Aerating water/flowing water
- Maintain appropriate depth of water in the pond. (½ x 4 = 2mks)
-
- Crutching - cutting wool around the reproduction organ of ewe (½ x 1 = ½ mk)
- Ringing cutting wool around the sheath (½ x 1 = ½ mk)
-
- To allow for even fat distribution in the body
- To avoid/prevent accumulation of dirt which world encourage blow fly infestation
- To minimize fouling of wool with feaces
- To facilitate easy mating later in adult life (½ x 4 = 2mks)
-
-
- Only a few chicks can be hatched at a time by one hen
- The farmer cannot plan when to incubate
- Diseases and parasites can easily be transmitted to the chicks from the hen when the hen is injected
- Hens can only be used when broody (½ x 3 = 1½ mks)
- Aids in mechanical digestion/crushing of food in the gizzard (½ x 1 = ½ mark)
-
-
- Should produce immunity
- should have a long keeping life
- should be a easy to administer
- should be compatible
- should have no side effects
- single dose should produce lifelong immunity (½ x 2 = 2mks)
-
- Value of nutrient
- Percentage of nutrients content/concetration
- Age of the animal
- Type of ration (½ x 2 = 1mk)
-
- Miracidium
- Metacerceria (½ x 2 = 1mk)
-
- Freezing
- Salting
- Sundrying
- Smoking (½ x 4 = 2mks)
-
- Cross breeding with high yielding breeds
- Proper selection
- Proper feeding
- Proper control of parasite and diseases (½ x 3 = 1½ mks)
-
- A gilt is a mature female pig which has not given birth while a sow is a mature female pig that has given birth/ A gilt is a female pig between weaning and first parturition (½ x 2 = 1mk)\
- Marking gauge is used to mark single parallel lines to stock while mortise gauge ,marks two Parallel lines at the same time. (½ x 2 = 1mk)
-
- Poor branding
- Skin diseases
- Parasite infestation
- Rough handling
- Scratching by hard/sharp objects (½ x 3 = 1½ mks)
-
- Allow sufficient air circulation
- Prevent dampness
- Controls temperature in the house (½ x 4 = 2mks)
-
- Health
- Age
- Training
- Water and food availability (½ x 4 = 2mks)
SECTION B
-
- A-Cold chisel (1 mk)
B -Tenon saw (back saw) - A -Used for cutting thick sheets of metal (1mark)
B- Fine sawing
- Joinery work -
- Sharpen the cutting edges
- Oil the metallic parts when the tool is to be stored foe a long time to avoid rusting
- Lubricate the moving part to minimize friction.
- Replace broken handles (2 x 1 = 2mks)
- A-Cold chisel (1 mk)
-
-
- K-Crop
- L-Proventiculus
- M-Gizzard
- N-Caecum
- part M Function
- Absorption of water and mineral salts
- Digestion of cellulose due to presence of micro-organisms
-
- Absorption of water and mineral salts
- Digestion of cellulose due to presence of micro-organisms
-
-
- Brooder (1mark)
- To avoid flocking of chicks at the corners which may lead to suffocation and eventually death (1mark)
- Hot
- The chicks have moved away fro the heat source.
- It clogs the gizzard of the birds leading to indigestions and death ( 1mark)
-
-
- Steaming up (1mark)
- Lactation/milk production (1mark)
- Flushing (1mark)
- Give the ewe good condition for parturition.
- Facilitates rapid foetal development
- Reduces incidences of twin lamp disease /pregnancy/toxaemia.
- Increases and maintains high milk yield after birth.
- Ensures birth of a healthy animal. (1 x 2 = 2mks)
-
SECTION C
-
-
- Anaemia
- Starring coat/rough coat
- Pot belly
- Emaciation
- Retarded growth
- Excessive appetite/Loss of appetite
- Intestinal blockage due to large numbers of parasites
- Scouring/constipation
- Indigestion
- Presence of eggs/parasite segments (proglottides) in feaces
- Damage of liver tissues/liver ulcerations
- Dullness/depression
- Recumbency after death
- Liver hemorrhage
- Blood stained stools (dysentery) (10 x 1 = 10mks)
-
- Direction of prevailing wind to keep off bad smells/to avoid draught effects
- Location of homesteads.
- Farmers taste preference
- Drainage well drained site
- topography
- Proximity to social amenities like schools, hospital.
- Size of the farm – to provide room for future expansion
- Security - livestock units require close supervision.
-
-
- Management practices for good health
- provide balanced ration to increase disease resistance
- select healthy breeding stock
- cull animals susceptible to certain diseases
- use appropriate breeding methods to avoid disease transmission
- Provide proper housing e.g. calf pens to avoid diseases.
- maintain high level of hygiene
- isolate or confine sick animals from healthy ones
- Treat sick animals
- impose quarantine in case of out breaks of modifiable diseases
- use prophylactic drugs e.g. dewormers
- carry out regular vaccination
- control vectors such as ticks
- Slaughter & dispose properly affected animal if cannot be cured. (10 x 1 = 10mks)
-
- Proper feeding
- Vaccination
- Dusting poultry house with insecticides.
- Observe hygiene
- Disinfect houses before introducing new birds.
- Administer dewormers in food or water
- Replace litter every 6 months
- Collect eggs twice a day
- De beak perpetual egg eaters.
- Cull un productive birds
- Provide nesting boxes
- Provide clean water adlibitum
- Provide roosting perches
- Treat sick birds and suspect cases.
- hang greens (to keep birds busy)
- Provide grit or oyster shelters. (10 x 1 = 10mks)
- Management practices for good health
-
-
- Concrete or slatted floors. For easy cleaning
- Dry litter to provide warm and dry conditions/dry and warm to discourage infections.
- Spacious (adequate space) to provide room for exercise, feeding and placement of waterers
- Well lit to enhance synthesis of vitamin D for strong bone development.
- Well drained to avoid dampness which may encourage infections (Accepts examples scours, pneumonia, navel illness.
- Draught free, to avoid chilly conditions that may induce infections.
- Well ventilated, fresh air circulation so as to drive a way bad smells emanating from feacal interacts or ‘droppings’.
- Single housing - to avoid spread of worms /diseases/prevent formulation of hair balls the rumen due to licking of hair from one another.
- Movable (mobile)_ pens - Moving to fresh grounds to reduce fresh infections
- Stating - 1mk. Explanation - 1mk (5 x 2 = 10mks)
-
-
- Cows that have recently calved
- Goats and pigs that have recently calved.
-
- Dullness
- Muscular – twitching
- Staggering
- Falls down and becomes unconscious
- Animal lies down on the side and the whole body stiffness
- Stomach contents are drawn into mouth (and lungs)
- Complete loss of appetite
- Sudden death. (5 x 1 = 5mks)
-
- Intravenous injections of calcium borogluconate salts
- Partial milking for first 10 days
- Provide heavy nutrition with ratio containing calcium and phosphorous.
- Give doses of vitamin D/Parathyroid extractions.
- Keep sick animals in a comfortable position
- Give fresh water
- Mechanical removal of urine. (3 x 1 = 3mks)
-
-
Download Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Pavement Mock Exams 2021/2022.
Tap Here to Download for 50/-
Get on WhatsApp for 50/-
Why download?
- ✔ To read offline at any time.
- ✔ To Print at your convenience
- ✔ Share Easily with Friends / Students