BIOLOGY
Paper 2
Instructions to candidates
- Answer all the question
Questions
SECTION A (40 marks)
- Form three students were required to study the population of crabs in a pond.
- List two apparatus that the students would need for the investigation. (2 marks)
- State the method of sampling used and give a reason for your answer. (2 marks)
- What precautions should the class take when performing this investigation? (2 marks)
- Identify two ways you would use to determine what the crabs in the pond feed on. (2 marks)
- In an experiment to investigate a physiological process in onion cells a thin epithelium of onion bulb leaf was placed on a glass slide and drops of concentrated salt solution added. After 3 minutes the cells were observed under medium power objective lens of a light microscope.
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- Draw a labeled diagram showing how one of the cells will appear. (2 marks)
- Account for the observation made in a (i) above. (3marks)
- Name the process that occurred in the cell in a (i) above. (1mark)
- Describe what would happen to a red blood cell if placed in similar condition. (2marks)
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- The below set ups were used to investigate gaseous exchange. Study them and answer the questions that follow.
- State the expected result in boiling tube B. (1 mark)
- State and account for the result obtained in boiling tube A. (3 marks)
- Describe the mechanism of inhalation in a human being. (4 marks)
- The diagram below represents a simple reflex arc in human.
- Name the neurone labeled X. (1 mark)
- Explain how a nerve impulse is bridged across the gap Y (3 marks)
- A person had a car accident that damaged one part of his brain but left the rest of it unaffected. Complete column B of the table below by filling in the part of the brain whose damage would correspond to the symptom shown in column A. (4 marks)
A B Inability to regulate body temperature Loss of memory Irregular heart beat and breathing movements Inability to maintain proper body balance and posture
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- A man of blood group B marries a woman of blood group A. Both of whom are heterozygous of these genes. Work out the possible blood group of their children. (4 marks)
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- Which of these blood groups show co-dominance? (1mark)
- Give the name used to describe the inheritance of the ABO blood groups. (1 mark)
- Define the following terms; (2 marks)
- Test cross
- Allele
SECTION B (40 Marks)
- Ten young rats were placed in a cage. The amount of food available to the mice each day was kept constant. Their number changed over time as shown in the table below.
Time in months 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Number of rats 10 10 55 105 300 445 440 180 135 150 - Using a suitable scale, plot a graph of number of rats against time. (6 marks)
- With reference to the graph, account for the change in rat population between
- 0 to 2 months (2 marks)
- 2 to 10 months (2 marks)
- 10 to 16 months (2 marks)
- 12 to 16 months (2 marks)
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- Between which two months was the population change greatest.(1 mark)
- Calculate the rate of population change over the period you have stated in c i) above. (2 marks)
- Briefly describe a suitable sampling method you would use to estimate the population of grasshoppers in a school garden. (3marks)
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- State three reasons why transport is necessary in animals (3 marks)
- Describe how the mammalian heart is adapted to its function. (17 marks)
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- Describe the importance of locomotion in animals (4 marks)
- Describe the adaptations of a finned fish to locomotion in water. (16 marks)
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