History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Mathioya Mock 2021 Exams

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• The paper consists of three sections A, B and C
• Answer all questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.
• Answers to all questions must be written in the booklet provided.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

QUESTIONS

SECTION A. ANSWER ALL QUESTION (25MKS)

1. State one way in which the Abagusii and the Kipsigis interacted during the pre- colonial period (1mk)
2. State two reasons for the Luo migration into Kenya in the pre-colonial period (2mks)
3. State the main role played by the Imam among the Somali during the pre-colonial period (1mk)
4. Give the main characteristic of the early coastal city states during the pre-colonial period. (1mk)
5. State two aspects of Islamic culture introduced in Kenya as a result of the Indian Ocean trade. (2mks)
6. Name one Arab family which ruled the Kenyan coast on behalf of Oman rule. (1mk)
7. State two terms of the Anglo-German Agreement of 1890. (2mks)
8. Give two economic reasons for the establishment of British rule in Kenya (2mks)
9. Identify the document which declared that Africa interest were paramount in Kenya during the colonial period . (1mk)
10. State two factors to consider in changing county boundaries. (2mks)
11. Identify one method used by trade unionist to demand for the rights of the workers during the colonial period. (1mk)
12. State two contributions made by Jaramogi OgingaOdinga in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (2mks)
13. Identify the most fundamental right of a citizen. (1mk)
14. Give two conditions which one must fulfil to be an eligible voter in Kenya. (2mks)
15. Give one type of human rights. (1mk)
16. Identify two duties of the sergeant-at-Arms in parliament. (2mks)
17. Identify one direct taxes which National government uses to raise revenue . (1mk)

SECTION B ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS.(45MKS)

18.                            
    1. Identify five sub-tribes of the pokomo during the pre-colonial period .(5mks)
    2. Explain the effects of the settlement of the Pokomo in Kenya by 1800 AD (10mks)
19.                          
    1. Outline five factors that led to urbanization in Kenya during the colonial period (5mks).
    2. Explain the five consequences of urbanization in Kenya during the colonial period (10mks)
20.                    
    1. Name three leaders of the Mau Mau movement . (3mks)
    2. What were the causes of the Mau Mau uprising (12mks)
21.                    
    1. State five developments in agriculture in Kenya since Independence(5mks)
    2. Explain five challenges facing land use in Kenya since Independence. (10mks)

SECTION C ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS.(30MKS)

22.                          
    1. Identify five rights of a child in Kenya (5mks)
    2. describe the principles of democracy (10mks)
23.                  
    1. State five circumstances which may lead to an elected president in Kenya leaving office before the end of his/her five -year term (5mks)
    2. Discuss the functions of the president of Kenya (10mks)
24.                    
    1. State three functions of the Traffic police (3mks)
    2. Explain six challenges facing the National police service (12mks)

MARKING SCHEME.

1. State one way in which the Abagusii and the Kipsigis interacted during the pre-colonial.
   • intermarriage.
   • Trade.
   • Raids/warfare. Any 1 point mk =1mk.
2. State two reasons for the Luo migration into Kenya in the pre-colonial period 2mks.
   • They were looking for new settlements as a result of over population.
   • Diseases and natural disasters forced them to migrate.
   • They migrated in order to escape internal conflicts.
   • Overstocking and overgrazing led them to look for more pasture.
   • They move to search for fertile lands with favourable climate.
   • Some people migrated for adventure.
   • External attacks made them migrated.
   • Natural calamities.
     Any5*1=5mks
3. State the main role played by the Imam among the Somali .(1mk)
   • Religious functions for example prayer.
     1*1=1mk
4. Give the main characteristic of the early coastal city state (1mk)
   • They were ruled by sultans
     1*1=1mk
5. Sate two aspects of Islamic culture introduced in Kenya as a result of the India ocean trade(2mks)
   • Islamic sharia law.
   • Architecture.
   • Dressing.
     Any1*2=2mks
6. Name one Arab family which ruled the Kenyan coast on behalf of Oman (1mk)
   • Mazrui
   • Nahaban.
   • Busaidi.
     Any 1*1=1mk.
7. State two terms of the Anglo-German agreement of 1890 (2mks)
   • Uganda was recognized by Germany as a British sphere of influence.
   • Germany abandon her claims over Witu.
   • Pemba and Zanzibar were declared British protectorates.
   • Germany acquired a strip on lake Tanganyika from Britain and the coastal region of Tanganyika from the sultan of Zanzibar.
   • Western boundary was defined.
   • Britain ceded the North sea Island of Heligoland to the Germans.
     1x2=2mks
8. Give two economic reasons for the establishment of British rule in Kenya.
   • To acquire raw material for British industries.
   • To secure markets for their manufactured goods.
   • To invest surplus capital.
   • They hoped to find precious minerals in the region.
   • To abolish slave trade and establish legitimate commerce.
     2x1=2mks
9. Identify the document which declared that Africa interest were paramount in Kenya during the colonial period . (1mk)
   • The Devonshire white paper of 1923.
     1x1=1mk
10. State two factors to consider when changing county boundaries(2mks)
    • Population density and demographic trends.
    • Historical and cultural ties.
    • The interest of the communities affected.
    • The objectives of devolution of government.
    • The objective of changing of the county boundaries.
    • Geographical features.
      Any 1x2=2mks
11. Identify one method used by trade unionist to demand for the rights of the workers during the colonial period (1mk)
    • Strike/riots.
    • boycotts.
    • Go slows/sit-ins.
    • Demonstrations.
    • petitions.
      Any 2x1=2mk
12. State two contributions made by Jaramogi OgingaOdinga in the struggle for independence in Kenya(2mks)
    • He was chairman of AEMO from 1957 which denounced the Lyttelton.
    • He condemned the continued detention of Kenyatta and other nationals in the Legco.
    • He addressed international conferences highlight Kenya grievances.
    • was part of the delegations to the two Lancaster house conferences.
    • Was instrumental in the formation of KANU, which fought for independence.
    • He visited foreign countries, for example, China and Yugoslavia to raise funds for the independence struggle.
      Any 2x1=2mk
13. Identify the most fundamental right of a citizen(1mk)
    • the right to life.
      1*1=1mk
14. Give two conditions which one must fulfill to be an eligible voter in Kenya.
    • one must have the original copy their identity card.
    • his/her must be in the register of voters.
      2x1=2mks.
15. Give one type of human rights .(1mk)
    • Economic rights.
    • political rights.
    • Social /cultural rights.
    • Solidarity rights.
      Any 1*1=1mk
16. Identify two duties of the sergeant-at-Arms in parliament. (2mks)
    • Arranges for all ceremonies in and around Parliament.
    • Maintains discipline in and around the house.
    • Is the custodian of the mace.
    • Enforces the orders of the speaker.
    • Maintains Parliament Buildings and grounds.
      Any 2*1=2mks
17. Identify one direct taxes which National government uses to raise revenue .(1mk)
    • Income tax.
    • Pay as you earn.
    • property transfer tax Game park and museum fees.
      1*1=1mk
18.                      
    1. Identify five sub-tribes of the pokomo during the pre-colonial period .(5mks)
       • Ndura. –Malakote.
       • Kinakombe. Dzunza.
       • Zubaki.
       • Malalululu.
       • Gwano.
       • Ndera.
       • Buu.
         Any 5*1=5mks
    2. Explain the effects of the migration and settlement of the Pokomo in Kenya by 1800AD .(10mks )
       • Population increase in the Tana River Basin.
       • Increase warfare due to conflicts over resurces.
       • Intermarriage with neighbours example the Taita and Mijikenda.
       • Trade with neighbours for example the Mijikenda.
       • Displacement of the original in habitants of the region.
       • Cultural interaction with neighbours.
         Any5x2=10mks
19.                    
    1. Outline five factors that led to urbanization in Kenya during the colonial period (5mks).
       • Construction of the Uganda railway led to the growth of many towns along the line, for example Nairobi.
       • Trading centres opened by Indians in the interior grew into urban centres.
       • Administrative posts and centres began by colonialists developed into urban centres.
       • Some urban centres were collecting points for farm inputs.
       • Urban Centre rose due to European industrial activities for example Magadi.
       • Influx of Africa made small centres to swell into towns.
         Any 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain the five consequences of urbanization in Kenya during the colonial period (10mks)
       • New employment opportunities were created in urban centres.
       • Culture erosion as Africa were exposed to new lifestyles.
       • Markets gardening developed on the outskirts of major towns to feed the urban population.
       • Many people were brought together from various communities leading to the rise of nationalism.
       • Crowding in towns resulted in shortage of houses and contributed to the rise of slums.
       • Unemployment resulted in increased criminal activities.
       • Families were separated as men left their wives in the rural areas.
       • Social evils like prostitution came up in towns.
       • Social welfare organizations came up in towns.
       • Sporting activities were promoted by urbanization.
         Any 5x2=10mks
20.                
    1. Name three leaders of the Mau Mau movement . (3mks)
       • Dedan kimathi.
       • Waruhiu itote.
       • Stanley mathenge.
       • General ndungu.
       • General mwariama.
         Any1x3=3mks
    2. What were the causes of the Mau Mau uprising (12mks)
       • Land alienation resulted in crowding in the reserves, squatter system problem and a a lot of bitters in the Africa.
       • Urban problems like unemployment and poor working conditions forced many poor Africa in towns to join the war.
       • Africa resented oppressive colonial policies like taxation, forced labour and kipande system.
       • Africa wished to safeguard their culture for example female circumcision.
       • Racial discrimination against Africas, for low pay, poor education health and housing.
       • Cruelty of the colonial police and Africa chiefs for example conscription for forced labour.
       • Experienced of the ex-servicemen during the second world war-had gained experience that enable them to fight with the whites. They were also disappointed that they were not well compensation after the wars.
       • Failure of the colonial government to institute satisfactory constitutional reforms.
         Any 6*2=12mks
21.                                
    1. State five developments in agriculture in Kenya since Independence(5mks)
       • Establishment of the ministry of lands and settlement.
       • Creation of settlement schemes for landless Africans.
       • Formation of co-operatives and land buying companies to help purchase land to settle landless Africans.
       • Provision of loans to Africans for purchase of land.
       • Establishment of land adjudication and registration programmes.
       • Promotion of large-scale farming through the ADC.
       • Diversification to avoid over reliance on one crop.
       • Establishment of KTDA to expand tea growing and processing. Any 1*5=5mk
    2. Explain five challenges facing land use in Kenya since Independence. (10mks)
       • decline in soil fertility.
       • Destruction of forests thus affecting patterns of rainfall.
       • Reduction of water and grazing areas particularly in semi-arid and arid areas.
       • Crop failure and diminishing crop yields.
       • Inadequate funds for farm undertakings.
       • Insufficient technology to operate modern farm machinery
       • Transport and communications network is undeveloped.
       • Rapid population increase leading to land fragmentation.
       • High cost of agriculture inputs.
         Any5*2=10mks
22.                
    1. Identify five rights of a child in Kenya (5mks)
       • Right to name and nationality from birth.
       • to free and compulsory basic education.
       • To basic nutrition, nutrition, shelter and health care.
       • To be protected from abuse, neglect, harmful cultural practices, violence, inhuman treatment and exploitative labour.
       • To parental care and protection.
       • Not to be detained except as a measure of resort. Any 1x5=5mks
    2. describe the principles of democracy (10mks)
       • consent of the people- democracy must accommodate the wishes, needs and aspirations of a majority of the people.
       • Equality-democracy recognizes equality among the people regardless of colour ,gender or creed.
       • peace-a democratic society should be free from all forms of intimidation or unrest.
       • the rule of law- democracy recognizes equality of everyone before the law.
       • competition; there should be different ideas competing for the attention of the people.
       • transparency and accountability encourages democracy by giving the people the confidence to trust their institutions.
       • Free press; an independent, responsible and objective press encourages democracy.
         Any 5x2=10mks
23.                
    1. State five circumstances which may lead to an elected president in Kenya leaving office before the end of his/her five -year term(5mks)
       • Death of a sitting president.
       • Resignation of the president in writing to the speaker of the National assembly.
       • Incapacitation due to poor health
       • petition in successful in the supreme court.
       • when the National assembly passes a motion of impeachment against the president.
    2. Discuss the functions of the president of Kenya(10mks)
       • Receives foreign diplomatic representatives.
       • Chief spokesperson and representatives of the people of Kenya.
       • Co-ordinates the work of all ministries and public institutions.
       • Leads the Nation in celebrations.
       • Confers honours on individuals.
       • Defends the constitution at all times.
       • Chairs the cabinet meetings.
       • Gives assent to parliament bills.
       • Nominates and with approval of National Assembly appoints senior government officers.
         5x2=10mks
24.                  
    1. State three functions of the Traffic police (3mks)
       • Controlling traffic along the roads.
       • Inspecting motor vehicles.
       • Conducting driving tests 3x1=3mks
    2. Explain six challenges facing the National police service(12mks)
       • Escalating rates of rimes which has overwhelmed the police.
       • Inadequate motivation for police officers e.g.; low pay and poor housing.
       • Negative public attitude towards police makes it difficult for them to discharge their duties.
       • In adequate working facilities e.g.; vehicles, communication equipment leading to slow down the in performance.
       • poor transport infrastructures makes some parts of the country inaccessible to police officers when pursuing criminals.
       • Lack of to-date skills to combat emerging crimes like drug trafficking, terrorism and money laundering.
       • Ratio of police officers to the general public is low, making it difficult for them to operate.
       • Some police officers collude with criminals making it hard for other officers to combat crimes.
         Any6x2=12mks