INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
- The paper consists of three sections A, B and C
- Answer all questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.
- Answers to all questions must be written in the booklet provided.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY
|
QUESTION |
MAXIMUM SCORE |
CANDIDATES SCORE |
SECTION A |
1-17 |
25 |
|
SECTION B |
18 |
15 |
|
19 |
15 |
|
|
20 |
15 |
|
|
21 |
15 |
|
|
SECTION C |
22 |
15 |
|
23 |
15 |
|
|
24 |
15 |
|
QUESTIONS
SECTION A 25 MARKS
(Answer all questions from this section).
- Define the term pre history. (1mk)
- Identify the method used to plant cereals when early Agriculture began. (1mk)
- Give one reason why early people moved from the forest to settle in grasslands. (1mk)
- Identify two uses of steam as a source of energy during the industrial revolution. (2mks)
- State one way in which Africans participated in Trans Atlantic trade. (1mk)
- What was the main contribution of William Morton in the field of medicine? (1mk)
- Give two means of water transport used during the ancient times. (2mkS)
- State functions of Sazza chiefs among the Baganda in the 19th Century. (2mks)
- Identify the main aim of the Berlin conference in 1884-85. (1mk)
- Name one colony of Britain in West Africa. (1mk)
- State the reasons why Nationalism developed in Ghana during the colonial rule. (2mks)
- Give two European countries that formed triple Alliance before the outbreak of first world war. (2mks)
- Name two principal organs of the United Nations. (2mks)
- Identify two duties performed by the Secretary General of the new East African Community established in 2001. (2mks)
- Name two weapons used during cold war. (2mks)
- Give the main reason why the league of Nation was formed in 1919. (1mk)
- State one condition that a country should fulfil to become a member of non-Aligned movement. (1mk)
SECTION B 45 MARKS.
ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION.
-
- Give five ways in which archaeologists identify an archaeological sites. (5mks)
- Describe the way of life of early man during the late stone age period. (10mks)
-
- Outline five challenges faced by factory workers in Europe during the industrial revolution. (5mks)
- Describe the organisation of the Tran-Saharan trade. (10mks)
-
- State the problems European colonialists faced as they established their rule in Africa in the second half of the 19th century. (5mks)
- What were the results of the collaboration between Lewanika of the Lozi and the British. (10mks)
-
- State five methods used by Nationalists in South Africa in the struggle for independence (5mks)
- Explain five factors that contributed to the success of the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique(FRELIMO) in their struggle for independence. (10mks)
SECTION C
ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION.
-
- Give three reasons why the United States of America did not join the first world war until 1917. (3mks)
- Explain six results of the Versailles treaty. (12mks)
-
- State three common characteristics of the Commonwealth member states. (3mks)
- Describe six causes of the cold war after 1945. (12mks)
-
- State three functions of the Court of Justice of Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa(COMESA) (3mks)
- Explain six challenges facing the African union. (AU). (12mks)
MARKING SCHEME.
- Define the term pre history. (1mk)
- Refers to the period when history was not recorded in writings.
- Identify the method used to plant cereals when early Agriculture began. (1mk)
- Broadcasting method.
- Give one reason why early people moved from the forest to settle in grasslands. (1mk)
- There were more wild animals in the grasslands/Availability of food.
- The climate in the grasslands was warmer.
- Grasslands provided much needed water.
- Identify two uses of steam as a source of energy during industrial revolution. (2mks)
- It was used to drive heavy machinery in factories.
- To turn turbines that generated power for industries.
- Used for pumping water out of coal mines.
- Used in steam-powered locomotives and ships.
- To open massive doors in Egypt.
- State one way in which Africans participated in Trans Atlantic trade. (1mks)
- They acted as middlemen between Europeans and merchants and interior communities.
- They raided slaves.
- Rulers sold their own subjects.
- They marched slaves to the Coasts.
- Transported trade items to the coasts.
- What was the main contribution of William Morton in the field of medicine? (1mk)
- He discovered the use of ether/Anesthetic to relieve pain during surgery
- Give two means of water transport used during the ancient times. (2mks)
- Sailing Boats/ Oar driven boats.
- Rafts logs.
- Canoes
- Sailing ships/dhows
- State functions of Sazza chiefs among the Baganda in the 19th Century. (2mks)
- To maintain law and order.
- To collect taxes.
- Recruit men for military services.
- Settle disputes.
- Members of Lukiko.
- Identify the main aim of the Berlin conference in 1884-85. (1mk)
- To divide up Africa among European nations peacefully.
- Name one colony of Britain in West Africa. (1mk)
- Ghana
- Nigeria
- Sieraleone.
- tate the reasons why Nationalism developed in Ghana during the colonial rule. (2mks)
- Loss of independence.
- Give two European countries that formed triple Alliance before the outbreak of first world war. (2mks)
- Germany
- Italy
- Austria
- Hungary
- Romania
- Name two principal organs of the United Nations. (2mks)
- Trusteeship council
- General Assembly
- Secretariat
- International court of justice.
- Economic and social council
- Identify two duties performed by the Secretary General of the new East African Community established in 2001. (2mks)
- Is the head of secretariat.
- Authorises expenditure on behalf of the members.
- Is the secretary to the summit/take minutes.
- Keep records of the proceedings.
- Implements decision adopted by East African community.
- Prepares agenda for the meeting.
- Name two weapons used during cold war. (2mks)
- War of words/propagandas.
- Economic sanctions.
- Military Assistance
- Financial/Technical aid.
- Give the main reason why the league of Nation was formed in 1919. (1mk)
- To promote peace and security in the world.
- State one condition that a country should fulfil to become a member of non-Aligned movement. (1mk)
- A county should be independent/sovereign.
- Should be a member of either NATO or Klarsaw
-
- Give five ways in which archaeologist identify a pre historic site. (5mks)
- Existence of a collection of artefacts.
- Evidences of burial sites.
- Evidences of ruins of settlements/visions.
- Evidences of art/painting
- Historical research and circumstances.
- Use of experience and skills.
- Describe the way of life of human being during the late stone age period. (10mks)
- He used microlithic tools for farming, hunting and defence.
- He lived in a more permanent shelter made of tree branches\leaves\grass which protected against harsh climate conditions.
- He practised Agriculture.
- Led a more sedentary life style.
- Develop a system of government.
- Developed religious beliefs/practices
- Practised art/craft/Basketry/ weaving.
- Buried the dead.
- They developed a language of communication.
- Decorated their bodies with red ochre.
- Give five ways in which archaeologist identify a pre historic site. (5mks)
-
- Outline five challenges faced by factory workers in Europe during industrial revolution.(5mks)
- They were paid low wages.
- They worked for long hours.
- They were exposed to accidents.
- Accidents victims were laid off without compensation.
- Inadequate housing/slums.
- Long working hours made workers neglect their homes leading to family breakups.
- Describe the organisation of Tran- Saharan trade. (10mks)
- It involved the Berbers/Arabs from North Africa who traded with people of Western Sudan.
- There were middlemen who coordinated trading activities between the two region.
- Tuaregs guided/protected the traders from possible attacks.
- Camels were used as the main mean of transport across the desert.
- Traders were organised into caravans.
- Barter/silent trade was used due to language barrier.
- Trade goods include salt, horses, guns, clothes and mirror from North Africa.
- Kings/chiefs maintained law and order.
- Outline five challenges faced by factory workers in Europe during industrial revolution.(5mks)
-
- State problems which European colonialist faced as they established their rule in Africa in the second half of the 19th century. (5mks)
- Inadequate personnel to administer.
- Inadequate finances to administer the colonies.
- Poor means of communication and transport.
- Hostile communities.
- Attack by pests and diseases.
- Competition rivalry between European powers.
- What were the results of the collaboration between Lewanka of Lozi and the British in the 19th Century. (10mks)
- Lewanka lost his kingdom and independence.
- Lozi anstocracy was broken and the royal class reduced to position of tax collectors.
- Lewanika political powers were reduced to that of mere figure head.
- Cecil Rhode company exploited mineral resources in Baroste land.
- Lozi rulers were given authority over Baroste land but under European administrator and supervision.
- The British were able to use their foothold in Baroste land to control surrounding communities.
- State problems which European colonialist faced as they established their rule in Africa in the second half of the 19th century. (5mks)
-
- State five methods used by Nationalists in South Africa in the struggle for independence (5mks)
- Negotiation.
- Establishing political parties.
- Peaceful demonstrations.
- Strikes and job boycotts.
- Defiant campaigns.
- Mass media- news papers ,radios.
- Sabotage.
- Combat (guerrilla warfare).
- Hunger strikes.(5mks)
- Explain five factors that contributed to the success of the front for the liberation of Mozambique(FRELIMO) in their struggle for independence. (10mks)
- The local people supported the fighters thereby inspiring them.
- FRELIMO cultivated their own food.
- FRLIMO were familiar with the terrain.
- Support by communist countries/USSR/China inform of weapons/Ammunation/finance.
- Supported by the OAU to the FRELIMO encouraged the nationalist to continue with the struggle.
- FRELIMO used querilla warfare/tactics.
- Recognition of the role of women by FRELIMO e.g mobolised community support.
- Elimination of ethnicity among fithers.
- Frelimo strategy of attacking from different points at the same time.
- Large army which out-numbered the Portuguese soldiers. (Any five) 5x2 =10)
- State five methods used by Nationalists in South Africa in the struggle for independence (5mks)
-
- Give three reasons why the united states of America did not join the first world war until 1917. (3mks)
- The Monroe doctrine prohibited USA involvement.
- She had commercial/trade relations with both alliances.
- The war had not interfered with her interest before 1917.
- Fear of revolt by her citizen of German descent/stirring a civil war in the country.
- Explain six results of the Versailles treaty. (12mks)
- Germany lost her overseas territories to the league of Nations.
- Germany was blamed for the outbreak of the war.
- Germany has to pay huge war indemnity.
- Germany was to reduce arm.
- Union between Germany and Austria was forbidden.
- It led to creation of new states eg Yugo slavia.
- Turkey lost her territory to the league.
- An independent state of Hungary was created.
- It led to creation of the league of Nations.
- Give three reasons why the united states of America did not join the first world war until 1917. (3mks)
-
- State three common characteristics of common wealth member states. (3mks)
- They use English as the official language.
- The English Monarch/king/Queen is recognised as head.
- They cooperate in sport/games.
- They have close economic ties.
- Most states have similar legal/Administration system.
- They have a common military tradition.
- Have same education system with similar structures.
- Describe six causes of the cold war after 1945. (12mks)
- Ideological differences between USA and USSR.
- Disagreement over disarmament between USA and USSR/Arm race between the two.
- Economic Rivalry between USA and USSR came up with marshal plan to assist countries in Europe, USSR came up with COMENCON.
- Formation of military alliances e.g USA and her allies formed NATO and Russia formed WARSAW PACT.
- UN Domination by Western powers UN was pro –USA and USSR detested it.
- The iron curtain policy adopted by USSR occupied Eastern Europe and sealed off Eastern Europe from West.
- State three common characteristics of common wealth member states. (3mks)
-
- State three functions of the Court of Justice of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). (3mks)
- It interprets the provision of the treaty.
- It ensures proper application of the treaty.
- It arbitrates disputes among members.
- Explain six challenges facing the African union. (AU). (12mks)
- Resolving the recurrent conflicts among African Nations.
- Tackling the issue of regional powers e.g Nigeria and South Africa.
- Ethnic religious and regional rivalries/divisions have rapidly increasing in African states.
- Poverty and conflicts over scares resources.
- Few African leaders who hinders democracy.
- Poor transport and communication means.
- Most AU members have foreign debts.
- .Most AU members are still dependent on developed countries for aid.
- Divided loyalty members of AU are also members of the regional organisation.
- State three functions of the Court of Justice of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). (3mks)
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