Physics Paper 1 Pre Mock Questions and Answers - Mokasa I Joint Examination July 2021

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

  • Write your name and index number in the spaces provided.
  • Mathematical tables and non-programmable calculators may be used.
  • This paper consists of four questions.
  • Attempt all the questions in the spaces provided.
  • ALL working MUST be clearly shown.

For Examiners  Use

SECTION

QUESTIONS

MAXIMUM SCORE

CANDIDATE’S SCORE

A

1 – 10

              25

 

B

11

             10

 

12

             13

 

13

             12

 

14

             13

 

15

            07

 

 

TOTAL

            80

 



QUESTIONS

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

  1. State the meaning of SI unit and give its significance.  (2 marks )
  2. The human lung functioning normally can withstand a pressure of up to 5 atmospheres.    How deep in metres can an experienced diver go under water at normal atmospheric pressure?
          (1 atm = 10 metres of water)   (2 marks)
  3. The figure below is a set up used to study the behavior of gases
    Q3 JHAGYDA
    State and explain fully the observations made if the round bottomed flask is immersed in cold water. (2 marks) 
  4. The diagram below shows a matchstick placed under a Bunsen burner flame
    Q4 TFATYFDYTAFDYT
    It is observed that the matchstick does not catch flame. Explain this observation. (2 marks)
  5. When an oil drop is placed on a clean water surface, it spreads to form a thin film. Explain why this happens. (1 mark)
  6. A ball of mass 600g falls from a height of 16 m and bounces back to a height of 10 m. Calculate the amount of sound energy produced. (Assume no other energy losses)(3 marks)
  7. A balloon is filled with air to a volume of 100ml at a temperature of 300C. Determine the volume when the temperature rises to 700C at the same pressure. (2 marks)
  8.                                
    1. Explain why steam causes more serious burn than water at same temperature. (1 mark)
    2. Steam at 1000C was passed into 100g of cold water at 150 When the temperature of the mixture reached 500C, its mass was found to be 106.1g. Assuming no heat losses to the surrounding, determine the latent heat of vaporization of water. (Take specific heat capacity of water to be 4200 J/kg/K)  (3 marks)
  9. Complete the diagrams below to show the streamlines for  a fluid flowing past the stationary object in the direction shown.(2 marks)
    Q9 JYGAUYGD
  10. The diagram below shows the scale of vernier callipers when the jaws are closed
    Q10 IK YGAUYGDA
    1. State the zero error. ( 1 mark)
    2. A student used the vernier calipers above to measure the length of a cube. If the mass and density of the cube were 6.86g and 2.5g/cm3, calculate the reading shown by the instrument.  (4 marks)

SECTION B (55 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

  1.                                
    1. The figure below represents a system in equilibrium
      Q11 MJHGAYGDUA
      Determine the force F needed to maintain the system at equilibrium. (3 marks)
    2. A uniform rod of length 4m and mass of 4kg is pivoted at 3.6m mark. The rod is held horizontal with a vertical rope at the 4m mark, as shown in the figure below.
      Q11 B MHGAUYGD
      Calculate the tension, T in the rope (Take g = 10N/kg)(3 marks)
    3. State two conditions necessary for a body acted upon by a number of parallel forces to remain at equilibrium. (2 marks)
    4. Explain why a bunsen burner has a heavy and wide base . (2 marks)
  2.                                          
    1.                                
      1. State Newton’s second law of motion.(1 mark)
      2. A striker kicks a ball of mass 250g initially at rest with a force of 75N. If the foot was in contact with the ball for 0.10 s. Calculate the take off velocity of the ball. (2 marks)
    2. A bullet of mass 20g moving at 400 m/s strikes a block of wood of mass 3.5 kg initially at rest. The bullet sticks into the block and the two move off together on a horizontal rough surface, with a frictional force of 4N acts between them and the surface.
      1. Determine the initial common velocity of bullet and wooden block. (3 marks)
      2. What distance does the block move before coming to rest?  (3 marks)
    3. A high jumper usually lands on a thick soft mattress. Explain how the mattress helps in reducing the force of impact.(1 mark)
    4. The figure below shows a graph of velocity against time for a ball bearing released at the surface of a viscous liquid. 
      Q12 MJHGAUYDGUYA
      Explain the motion of the ball bearing for parts.
      1. OA(1 mark)
      2. AB (1 mark)
    5. Give a reason why it is important that passengers in vehicles put on safety belts. (1 mark)
  3. The figure below shows a section of a tape (drawn to scale) after passing through a ticker timer of frequency 100 Hz. The tape is attached to a trolley moving in the direction shown.
    Q13 JNMHGAUYGDA
    1.                                
      1. State the type of current that was used to operate the timer. (1 mark)
      2. Determine the initial velocity of the trolley, AB.  (2 marks)
      3. Determine the final velocity of the trolley, CD (2 marks)
      4. Determine the acceleration of the trolley.  (2 marks)
    2. A bullet is fired horizontally at a velocity 200 m/s from the roof top of a storey building. If it strikes the ground after 1.5 seconds;
      1. What is the name given to the path followed by the bullet.  (1 mark)
      2. Calculate the height of the building.(2 marks)
      3. Calculate the distance from the foot of the building to where the bullet hits the ground. (2 marks)
  4.                                   
    1.                                                
      1. Define proportionality limit for an elastic material. (1 mark)
      2. Name the property of a spring that enables it to regain its original length when a load is removed. (1 mark)
    2.  A pan is attached to the lower end of a hanging spring of natural length 12 cm. When an object of mass 100g is placed in the pan the length of the spring becomes 25 cm. For an object of mass 220g placed in the pan, the length of the spring becomes 30cm. Calculate the mass of the pa (4 marks)
    3. A spring and several masses were used in an experiment to determine spring constant. Below is a graph of extension against weight plotted from the experimental results.
      Q 14 JHGAYDUYGA
      1. Determine the slope of the graph.(2 marks)
      2. Determine the spring constant of the spring used in the experiment(2 marks)
      3. Calculate the elastic potential energy stored in the spring. (2 marks)
      4. On the same graph page sketch the expected graph if two such identical springs arranged in parallel were used during the experiment.(1 mark)
  5.                          
    1. The figure below shows a circuit diagram for controlling the temperature of a room.
      Q15 UJYGAUYGD
      1. State the name of the device.  (1 mark)
      2. The bimetallic strip is made of two metals, Copper and Steel. Suggest what metal X is likely to be.(1 mark)
      3. What is the function of part labeled Z?  (1 mark)
      4. Briefly explain how it works. (3 marks)
    2. State the advantage of alcohol in glass thermometer over mercury in glass thermometer.   (1 mark)


MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

  1. State the meaning of SI unit and give its significance.  (2 marks )
    Internationally accepted units of measure
    To harmonize units of measurements
  2. The human lung functioning normally can withstand a pressure of up to 5 atmospheres.    How deep in metres can an experienced diver go under water at normal atmospheric pressure?
          (1 atm = 10 metres of water)   (2 marks)
    Total pressure = Atm.pressure + pressure due water 
    5 Atm = 1 Atm + x 
    x = 4 atmosphers = 4 × 10 = 40m - h
  3. The figure below is a set up used to study the behavior of gases
    Q3 JHAGYDA
    State and explain fully the observations made if the round bottomed flask is immersed in cold water. (2 marks) 
    The drop slightly rises then starts to drop.
    Glass cools and contracts first reducing its volume hence the drop. Later on air cools faster than glass and contracts more hence the drop in level.
  4. The diagram below shows a matchstick placed under a Bunsen burner flame
    Q4 TFATYFDYTAFDYT
    It is observed that the matchstick does not catch flame. Explain this observation. (2 marks)
    The matchstick is placed at a region of unburnt gases.
    Gases are poor conductors of heat hence it does not catch flame
  5. When an oil drop is placed on a clean water surface, it spreads to form a thin film. Explain why this happens. (1 mark)
    Due to stronger tension on water surface.
    The oil drop breaks surface tension which pulls it away.
  6. A ball of mass 600g falls from a height of 16 m and bounces back to a height of 10 m. Calculate the amount of sound energy produced. (Assume no other energy losses)(3 marks)
    Energy lost = energy converted to sound
    = mgH - mgh

    =(600/1000 × 10 × 16) - (600/1000 × 10 ×10)
    = 36J
  7. A balloon is filled with air to a volume of 100ml at a temperature of 300C. Determine the volume when the temperature rises to 700C at the same pressure. (2 marks)
    V1 = V2 
    T1     T2
    100 = V2
    300    343
    V2 = 113.2 ml
  8.                                
    1. Explain why steam causes more serious burn than water at same temperature. (1 mark)
      It absorbs latent heat of vaporisation from skin
    2. Steam at 1000C was passed into 100g of cold water at 150 When the temperature of the mixture reached 500C, its mass was found to be 106.1g. Assuming no heat losses to the surrounding, determine the latent heat of vaporization of water. (Take specific heat capacity of water to be 4200 J/kg/K)  (3 marks)
      Heat lost by steam = heat gained by water 
      mlv + MCDØ = mwc△Ø
      (61/1000 × lv)61/1000 × 4200 × 50)
      = 100/1000 × 4200 ×35
      0.0061 lv = 13459
      lv = 2,206,393.3 Jkg-1
  9. Complete the diagrams below to show the streamlines for  a fluid flowing past the stationary object in the direction shown.(2 marks)
    q9 uygaugd
    Direction 
    Distance of separation
  10. The diagram below shows the scale of vernier callipers when the jaws are closed
    Q10 IK YGAUYGDA
    1. State the zero error. ( 1 mark)-0.03 cm
    2. A student used the vernier calipers above to measure the length of a cube. If the mass and density of the cube were 6.86g and 2.5g/cm3, calculate the reading shown by the instrument.  (4 marks)
      Volume = m = 6.86 = 2.744 cm3
                       ë       2.5

      length of cube = 3√2.744 = 1.4cm
      Reeding = 1.40 - 0.03 = 1.37cm

SECTION B (55 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

  1.                                
    1. The figure below represents a system in equilibrium
      Q11 MJHGAYGDUA
      Determine the force F needed to maintain the system at equilibrium. (3 marks)
      Sum of clockwise movement = sum of anticlockwise movements
      f1d1 + f2d2 = f3d3
      (30 × 0.2) + (F × 0.65) = 40 × 0.5
      0.65F = 14
      F = 21.54N
    2. A uniform rod of length 4m and mass of 4kg is pivoted at 3.6m mark. The rod is held horizontal with a vertical rope at the 4m mark, as shown in the figure below.
      Q11 B MHGAUYGD
      Calculate the tension, T in the rope (Take g = 10N/kg)(3 marks)
      f1d1 + f2d2
      40 × 1.6 = T × 0.4
      T = 160N
    3. State two conditions necessary for a body acted upon by a number of parallel forces to remain at equilibrium. (2 marks)
      • sum of clockwise movement equal to sum of anticlockwise movements about the same point
      • upward forces equals to downwards forces
      • the algebraic sum of movements equals to zero
    4. Explain why a bunsen burner has a heavy and wide base . (2 marks)
      • Heavy base lowers the position of C.O.G increasing stability
      • wide base increases angle of tilting increasing stability
  2.                                          
    1.                                
      1. State Newton’s second law of motion.(1 mark)
        A body continues in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force
      2. A striker kicks a ball of mass 250g initially at rest with a force of 75N. If the foot was in contact with the ball for 0.10 s. Calculate the take off velocity of the ball. (2 marks)
        Ft = Mv - mu
        (75 × 0.1) = 0.25v - 0
        v = 30ms-1
    2. A bullet of mass 20g moving at 400 m/s strikes a block of wood of mass 3.5 kg initially at rest. The bullet sticks into the block and the two move off together on a horizontal rough surface, with a frictional force of 4N acts between them and the surface.
      1. Determine the initial common velocity of bullet and wooden block. (3 marks)
        Initial P = final p
        M1V1 + M2V2 = V(m1 + m2)
        (0.02 × 400) + (35 ×0) = v( 0.02 + 3.5)
        8 = 3.52v
        v = 2.273m/s
      2. What distance does the block move before coming to rest?  (3 marks)
        f = ma
        -4 = 3.52a
        a = -1.136 ms-2
        v = 42 = 26s
        0 = 2.2732 + 2(-1.136)s
        s = 2.274m
    3. A high jumper usually lands on a thick soft mattress. Explain how the mattress helps in reducing the force of impact.(1 mark)
      mattress increases the time of impact hence reducing the impulsive force
      (F = mv - mw)
                   t
    4. The figure below shows a graph of velocity against time for a ball bearing released at the surface of a viscous liquid. 
      Q12 MJHGAUYDGUYA
      Explain the motion of the ball bearing for parts.
      1. OA(1 mark)
        • decreasing acceleration
        • non-uniform velocity
      2. AB (1 mark)
        • uniform/constant velocity
    5. Give a reason why it is important that passengers in vehicles put on safety belts. (1 mark)
      • reduce effect of inertia
  3. The figure below shows a section of a tape (drawn to scale) after passing through a ticker timer of frequency 100 Hz. The tape is attached to a trolley moving in the direction shown.
    q13 javdgyvayd
    1.                                
      1. State the type of current that was used to operate the timer. (1 mark)
        A.C
      2. Determine the initial velocity of the trolley, AB.  (2 marks)
        U =    3.8    = 190cm/s or 1.9m/s
              2 × 0.01
      3. Determine the final velocity of the trolley, CD (2 marks)
        v =    4.9     = 490cm/s  or 4.9ms-1
                0.01
      4. Determine the acceleration of the trolley.  (2 marks)
        Q = v - u = 490 - 190 = 8571.42cms-2
                 t       3.5 × 0.01
    2. A bullet is fired horizontally at a velocity 200 m/s from the roof top of a storey building. If it strikes the ground after 1.5 seconds;
      1. What is the name given to the path followed by the bullet.  (1 mark)
        Trajectory
      2. Calculate the height of the building.(2 marks)
        h = 1/2gt2
        =1/2 × 10 × 1.52
        = 11.25m
      3. Calculate the distance from the foot of the building to where the bullet hits the ground. (2 marks)
        R = vt
        =200 × 1.5
        = 300m
  4.                                   
    1.                                                
      1. Define proportionality limit for an elastic material. (1 mark)
        A point on an elastic material beyond which further extension causes permanent deformation
      2. Name the property of a spring that enables it to regain its original length when a load is removed. (1 mark)
        Elasticity 
    2.  A pan is attached to the lower end of a hanging spring of natural length 12 cm. When an object of mass 100g is placed in the pan the length of the spring becomes 25 cm. For an object of mass 220g placed in the pan, the length of the spring becomes 30cm. Calculate the mass of the pa (4 marks)
      mass = 100g
      extension = 25 - 12 = 13 cm
      k = = (x + 1)N
            e      13 cm
      (x → weight of pan)
      mass = 220g
      extension = 30 - 12 = 18cm
      k = f = (x + 2.2)N
           e      18 cm
      x + 1 = x + 2.2
         13        18
      x = 2.12 N
      mass of per
      w = mg
      m = 2.12 = 0.212kg
              10
      =212 g
    3. A spring and several masses were used in an experiment to determine spring constant. Below is a graph of extension against weight plotted from the experimental results.
      Q 14 JHGAYDUYGA
      1. Determine the slope of the graph.(2 marks)
        slope = △e =       4.2     = 5cm/N   or 0.05m/N
                   △w      0.8 - 0.4
      2. Determine the spring constant of the spring used in the experiment(2 marks)
        k  =  1   =   1  = 20N/m   or 0.2 N/cm
               slope 0.05
      3. Calculate the elastic potential energy stored in the spring. (2 marks)
        E.P.E = Area under graph
        = 1/2 × 1.6 × 8/100
        = 0.064J
      4. On the same graph page sketch the expected graph if two such identical springs arranged in parallel were used during the experiment.(1 mark)
  5.                          
    1. The figure below shows a circuit diagram for controlling the temperature of a room.
      Q15 UJYGAUYGD
      1. State the name of the device.  (1 mark)
        Thermostat
      2. The bimetallic strip is made of two metals, Copper and Steel. Suggest what metal X is likely to be.(1 mark)
        Steel - lower linear expansivity
      3. What is the function of part labeled Z?  (1 mark)
        z - temps adjustment knob.
        To adjust the thermostat to required room temperature
      4. Briefly explain how it works. (3 marks)
        As the room temp increases the bimetallic strip is heated and expands
        The expending strip breaks the contact at a certain temp and hence the heater stops heating.
        As the temp decreases the smp contracts making the contact gain when the temp goes below expected levels
    2. State the advantage of alcohol in glass thermometer over mercury in glass thermometer.   (1 mark)
      Use to measure extremely low temp due to its low melting point.
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