Agriculture Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Bungoma Diocese Mock Exams 2021/2022

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Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Bungoma Diocese Mock Exams 2021/2022

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Instruction to candidates

This paper consist of three sections A, B and C
Answer ALL questions in section A and B and Any Two questions from section C

SECTION A (30 MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided

1. Give TWO characteristics of intensive farming system (1mk)
2. State TWO advantages of mixed cropping (1mk)
State TWO roles of humus in the soil (1mk)
List FOUR effects of temperature on crop growth (2mks)
Diagram below shows an experiment carried out by Form 1 students. Study and answer the questions that follows.
1. What is the objective of the experiment (½mks)
2. What observation should be made after 12 hours in flask A and B(1mk)
  A ……………………………………………………………………………………………
  B ……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Give the reason for your observation.(1mk)
Give THREE factors that determines the depth of ploughing in land preparation. (1½mks)
1. what is minimum tillage (1mk)
2. Give FOUR practices that encourages minimum tillage (2mks)
1. State TWO types of irrigation carried out in Kenya (1mk)
2. List FOUR uses of water on the farm (2mks)
Give THREE reasons for keeping health record in the farm (1½mks)
The diagram below shows a method of soil sampling
1. Name the method illustrated above (½mk)
2. State THREE precautions taken when collecting a soil sample (1½mks)
3. Give FOUR reasons for testing soil (2mks)
State TWO reasons for seed treatment (1mk)
Give TWO factors that determine spacing of beans (1mk)
State FOUR benefits of farmer having land tittle deed (2mk)
List THREE materials that can be used to construct a gabion (1 ½mks)
List FOUR harmful effects of crop pests (2mks)
Give FOUR ways by which a farmer can improve labour productivity on the farm (2mks)

SECTION B (2O MARKS)

Differentiate between cropping and harvesting in fish farming (2mks)
Give THREE factors that determine the quality of shading forage (3mks)
State four characteristics of extensive farming systems (2mks)
State TWO factors that determine selectivity of herbicides (2mks)
Give TWO factors affecting the quality of hay (2mks)
State four physical factors in soil formation (2mks)
State four factors that determine the depth of planting. (3mks)
State four harmful affects ticks on livestock. (2mks)

SECTION C (40MARKS)
Answer Any TWO questions in this section

1. Explain FIVE cultural methods of pest control (10mks)
2. Outline FIVE factors considered in timely planting of annual crops (10mks)
1. Outline the process of land Adjudication (5mks)
2. Discuss five reasons for carrying out minimum tillage. ( 5 marks)
3. Explain 5 ways in which soil losses fertility. ( 10 marks)
1. Describe seven field management practices in tomato production. ( 7marks)
2. Outline five factors that determine water requirements in an animal’s body. ( 5 marks)
3. Describe the transplanting of tree seedlings. ( 8 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. - small farms
  - Huge capital
  - Skilled labour
  - Produce for sale
  - Mechanization done ½ each (1mk)
2. - High yields per unit area
  - Proper use of soil resources
  - Guards against total loss ½ each (1mk)
- Improves the soil nutrient content
- Improve soil structure
- Improves soil temperature ½ each (1mk)
1. Low Temperature
  - Slow growth rate
  - High incidence of diseases of CBD
  - Improves quantity ½ each (1mk)
2. High Temperature
  - Causes wilting
  - Increases growth rate
  - Increase in pests attack ½ each (1mk)
1. Test or presence of soil micro-organisms ( ½ mk )
2. A - Lime water turns milky
  B- Lime water remains clear ½ each (1mk)
3. Presence of organisms in A produce CO 2 that turns lime water milky. (1mk)
- Crop to be planted
- Implement available
- Type of soil
- Nature of the land 3 × ½ ( 1 ½ mks )
1. Situation in which least possible cultivation operations are carried out in crop production (1mk)
2. - Planting in another crop field
  - Clearing f land then plant
  - Use of herbicides to kill weeds
  - Planting on stubble land 4 × ½ (2mks)
1. - Surface irrigation- Flood irrigation
  - Sub-surface irrigation e.g underground pipes
  - Overhead irrigation – eg sprinkler 2 × ½ (1mk)
2. - Irrigation
  - Watering canals
  - Domestic use
  - Diluting chemicals
  - Construction works
  - Processing produce 4 × ½ (2mks)
- Show next date of treatment/vaccination
- Occurrence of diseases
- Response to diseases 3 × ½ ( 1 ½ mks )
1. Diagonal/Transverse ½ mk
2. - Avoid contaminants ions/use sterilized containers
  - Avoid unusual sites e.g. Anthills
  - Avoid mixing p soil and sub-soil
  - Collect at the correct depth 3 × ½ ( 1 ½ mk)
3. - Determine nutrient content
  - Determine soil PH/ Fertilizer to be used
  - Determine mineral deficiency
  - Expected yields 4 × ½ (2mks)
- Break dormancy
- Control pests and Diseases
- Faster germination/uniform stand 2 × ½ ( 1mk)
- Type of soil
- Moisture in the soil
- Species of Beans
- Machinery used
- Purpose of Beans
- Stored of beans 2 × ½ ( 1mk)
- Security for loans
- Security of land ownership
- Minimize disputes
- Encourage farmer to invest 4 × ½ (2mks)
- Wires
- Stones
- Concrete (sand/cement/gravel)
- Wood/metal rods/pegs. 3 × ½ ( 1 ½ mks
- Damage crop roots e.g. Nematodes
- Uproot planted seeds
- Attack fruits e.g. fruit flies
- Transmit diseases
- Causes retarded growth
- Destroy leaves 4 × ½ (2mks)
- Training
- Giving
- Supervision
- Good Human Relations
- Assigning tasks
- Proper motivation 4 × ½ (2mks)
- Cropping - removal of fish of marketable size from the pond
- Harvesting – removal of all fish from the pond
  Mark as a whole 2 ×1= 2 marks
- Forage spp
- Stage o harvesting
- Mode feeding
- Type of forage (mixed/pure stand) 3 × 1 ( 3mks)
Characteristics of extensive farming systems
- Large tracts of land
- Low capital investment
- Low labour per unit area
- Low yields per unit area
- Stage of growth
- Plant thropology
- Mode of action
- Environmental contributions 2 × 1 ( 2mks)
- Forage Spp
- Stage of harvesting
- Length of drying
- Weather conditions
- Storage conditions 2 × 1 ( 2mks)
Physical factors in soil formation
- Wind
- Water
- Moving ice
- Temperature
Factors that determine depth of planting
- Soil type
- Soil moisture content
- Size of the seed
- Type of germination
Harmful effects of ticks on livestock
- They suck blood leading to anaemia
- They cause wounds that lead to secondary infection
- They transmit livestock diseases
- They cause irritation to the animal
- They lower the value of hides and skins
1. - Timely planting- Early planting makes crop escape pest attack e stalk borer.
  - Timely harvesting- storage pests may attack crop in the field e.g. weevils.
  - Proper Tillage- field cultivation exposes pests which are soil borne e.g. white grubs, scorched by soln.
  - Close season- planting of crops in a certain season to avoid pest attack cotton Bollworm
  - Trap cropping- plant a crop and destroy once attacked by pests
  - Crop rotation- Alternate crops which are attacked by different types of pests eg Groundnuts and potatoes attacked by Nematodes with maize and beans
  - Plant resistant varieties- breeder develops breeds which are resistant to some diseases. e.g. goose necked sorghum against Bird pests.
  - Field Hygiene- keeps the field free from pests. Removal of infected plants from the field.
  - Destruction of alternate hosts- some weeds act as alternate hosts for pests.
  - Crop nutrition - makes crops strong and resistant to pests 1 × 10 (10mks)
2. - Use of soil moisture- crops will use the available moisture in the soil.
  - Soil Nutrients- plants will benefit from the Nitrogen Flush
  - Market prices- Early planting will make the produce benefit from the early market prices.
  - Pests and diseases- Early planting makes the crops escape the pests and diseases which are soil borne
  - Crops vigour- Early planting enable the crops to growth with vigor(strong and uniform)
  - Timely harvesting- Early planting makes harvesting take place early
    State 1 mk Explain 1 mk ( 10mks )
1. - Measurement of land to establish sizes by recommended surveyors
  - Description of land- shows its location
  - Recording and mapping of land in the land registry. 1 × 5 ( 5mks )
  - Resolving any objections if raised
  - Submission of the records for registration
  - Issuing of the land title Deed.
2. Reasons for carrying out minimum tillage
  - To maintain soil structure
  - To conserve soil moisture
  - Prevent humus exposure
  - Prevent root disturbance
  - Control soil erosion
  - Reduce cost of cultivation
    6× 1= 6 marks
3. Ways soil lose fertility
  - Leaching – nutrients carried to lower zones by infiltrating water leads to loss of fertility.
  - Soil erosion – carrying away of top fertile soils by erosion agents loss of soil fertility.
  - Mono cropping – growing one crop continuously on the same piece of land results in exhaustion of nutrients thus loss of soil fertility.
  - Continuous cropping – harvested crops remove large amounts of nutrients from the soil which makes soil deficient of this nutrients.
  - Burning vegetation cover- burning destroys organic matter and soil structure.
  - Change in soil pH – due to use of fertilisers leads to change in soil pH thus affect activity of microorganisms.(First 4; mention 1 mark, well explained 1 mark) 4 ×2= 8 marks.
1. Field management practices in tomatoes
  - Gapping
  - Topdressing
  - Weeding
  - Staking
  - Pest control
  - Disease control
    7×1 = 7 marks
2. Factors that determine water requirements in an animal’s body
  - Ambient temperature
  - Type of feed eaten by animal
  - Level of production
  - Body size
  - Species of the animal
  - Amount of work
    5×1= 5 marks
3. Transplanting tree seedlings
  - Dig holes for transplanting
  - Transplant at onset of rains
  - Water the seedlings a day before transplanting
  - Place seedlings at the centre of the hole
  - Cut and remove polythene sleeve using a sharp knife
  - Add soil around the tree until the hole is filled completely
  - Firm the soil gently around the tree seedling
  - Plant at the same depth as it was in the nursery.
  - Change in soil pH – due to use of fertilisers leads to change in soil pH thus affect activity of microorganisms.
    (First 4; mention 1 mark, well explained 1 mark)
    4 ×2= 8 marks.