History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Pavement Pre-Mock Exams 2021/2022

Share via Whatsapp

« Previous Topic
Geography Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Pavement Pre-Mock Exams 2021/2022

Next Topic »
History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Pavement Pre-Mock Exams 2021/2022

Download PDF for future reference Get on Whatsapp for 50/-

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE

This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
Answer ALL the questions in section A, three questions from Section B and two questions from section C.

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer ALL questions in this section

Give Two examples of oral traditions used in the study of Kenyan History (2Marks)
Name One pre-historic site in Kenya where Kenya pithecus was discovered (1Mark)
State Two reasons why Kenyans communities fought against each other during the pre- colonial period (2 Marks)
Outline Two Archaeological evidence that shows that the Kenyan coast had contacts with outside world
by 1500 (2 Marks)
Give the Main reason why early visitors came to the Kenyan coast by 1500 (1 Mark)
Identity the dispersal area of the Eastern Bantu (1 Mark)
State Two ways in which the constitution promotes national unity (2 Marks)
Outline Two development rights of children (2 Marks)
Give One body that monitors human rights (1 Mark)
State Two strategic factors that made Britain interested in occupying Kenya during the nineteenth century
(2 Marks)
Identify One role played by Mekatilili Wa Menza in the struggle for independence in Kenya (1 Mark)
Outline Two reasons why Africans were denied equal educational opportunities with other races during the colonial period (2 Marks)
State the Main reason why the second Lancaster house conference was held in 1962 (1 Mark)
Name the Court in Kenya that hears and determines presidential election petitions (1 Mark)
Identify the Main ideological difference between KANU and KADU at independence (1 Mark)
State One National philosophy which has been used in Kenya since independence (1 Marks)
Outline Two challenges facing the education sector in Kenya today (2 Marks)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer any THREE Questions from this section

1. Identify Five reasons which led to the migration of the Cushites from their original homeland into Kenya during the pre-colonial period (5 Marks)
2. Explain Five effects of Bantu migration and settlement into Kenya (10 Marks)
1. Name Three treaties that were signed between the British and the Omani Arab rulers at the coast of East Africa to end slavery and slave trade. (3 Marks)
2. Discuss Six effects of the coming of Christian missionaries in Kenya (12 Marks)
1. Outline Three demands for the white sellers contained in the Devonshire white paper of 1923 (3 Marks)
2. Discuss Six problems encountered by white settlers in Kenya (12 Marks)
1. State Three roles played by African elected members organization. (AEMO) in the struggle for independence in Kenya (5 Marks)
2. Explain the factors that undermined African Nationalist activities in Kenya between 1939 and 1963
  (10 Marks)

SECTION C (45 MARKS)
Answer any TWO Questions from this section

1. Give Three ways in which conflicts can be prevented in Kenya (3 Marks)
2. Discuss causes of conflicts among the people of Kenya today (12 Marks)
1. Identify Three constitutional amendments that took place in 1964 (3 Marks)
2. Explain Six features of the independence constitution of Kenya. (12 Marks)
1. State Three non-military functions/duties of the KDF (3 Marks)
2. Discuss Six functions of the Kenyan president (12 Marks)

MARKING SCHEME

Give two examples of oral traditions used in the study of Kenyan History (2Marks)
- Folktales
- Proverbs
- Stories
- Legends
- Riddles
  2x1=2 Marks
Name One pre-historic site in Kenya where Kenya pithecus was discovered (1 Mark)
- Fort- Ternan 1x1=mk
State two reasons why Kenyans communities fought against each other during the pre- colonial period (2mks)
- They were competing for land for cultivation / settlement
- Competition for water and pasture
- To demonstrate their military power
- To raid for cattle
- Slave raids
  2x1=2mks
Outline two Archaeological evidence that shows that the Kenyan coast had contacts with outside world by 1500 (2mks)
- Fragments of Chinese pottery
- Remains of beads
- Remains of iron tools 2x1=2mks
Give the main reason why early visitors came to the Kenyan coast by 1500 (1mk)
- They wanted to participate in trade 1x1=1mk
Identity the dispersal area of the Eastern Bantu (1mk)
- Shungwaya 1x1=1mk
State two ways in which the constitution promotes national unity (2mks)
- It has a component of equality of all people before the law.
- It emphasizes on justice and fairness to all citizens 2x1=2mks
Outline two development rights of children (2mks)
- Rights to education
- Right to leisure and play
- Right to participation in culture and artistic activities
- Right to express themselves
- Access to information
  2x1=2mks
Give one body that monitors human rights (1mks)
- Teachers
- Lawyers
- National police service
- The civil society / pressure groups etc
- Religious groups
  1x1=1mk
State two strategic factors that made Britain interested in occupying Kenya during the nineteenth century (2mks)
- To secure her interests in Egypt by controlling the source of River Nile.
- To safeguard her commercial interests in India by occupying the coast 2x1=2mks
Identify One role played by Mekatilili Wa Menza in the struggle for independence in Kenya (1mk)
- She administered oaths
- Mobilized / rallied the Mijikenda to rebel against the colonial government
- Spearheaded women leadership in the struggle for independence
- Inspired / motivated the Mijikenda to resist colonial rule
  1x1=1mk
Outline two reasons why Africans were denied equal educational opportunities with other races during the colonial period (2mks)
- Europeans aimed to produce and maintain a semi- skilled labour force for the colonial government.
- Fear of competition from educated Africans / racial discrimination
  2x1=2mks
State the main reason why the second Lancaster house conference was held in 1962 (1mk)
- To come up with a constitution for independent Kenya 1x1= 1mk
Name the Court in Kenya that hears and determines presidential election petitions 1mk
- The Supreme Court
Identify the Main ideological difference between KANU and KADU at independence. (1mk)
- KANU favoured a unitary system of government while KADU favoured a federal system of government. 1x1=1mk
State One National philosophy which has been used in Kenya since independence (1mk)
- Harambee
- Nyayoism
- African Socialism
  1×1=1mk
Outline two challenges facing the education sector in Kenya today (2mks)
- Inadequate funds/resources
- Constant revision of the syllabus
- Overcrowding in classrooms/over population
- Education being exam oriented
- In adequate personnel
- Unclear education policies
- High drop – out rate
- Poverty
- Insecurity
- HIV/AIDs
  2x1 = 2mks

SECTION B – 45 MARKS

1. Identify five reasons which led to the migration of the Cushites from their original homeland into Kenya during the pre-colonial period (5mks)
  - They moved in search of pasture and water for their livestock
  - There was drought and famine in their original homeland.
  - Outbreak of diseases and epidemics in their homeland
  - Clan/family feuds/conflicts
  - To escape from external attacks from neighbors
  - Spirit of adventure
  - Population pressure.
2. Explain five effects of Bantu migration and settlement into Kenya
  - They intermarried with other groups thereby strengthening relationships
  - There was cultural exchange due to their interaction with other groups/assimilation
  - There was increase in population in areas where they settled
  - It caused redistribution of population in areas they settled
  - It led to displacement of some communities eg some Eastern Cushites we're displaced by the Kikuyu of Central Kenya.
  - It led to exchange of Knowledge and skills
  - Spread of agricultural practices in Kenya e.g. Kwavi of the Maasai adopted cultivation.
  - Led to spread of iron working to other parts of Kenya
  - Increased inter-communal conflicts
  - Increased trading activities as the Bantus exchanged iron products with other communities.
    5x2 =10 mks
1. Name three treaties that were signed between the British and the Omani Arab rulers at the coast of East Africa to end slavery and slave trade.
  - The moresbly treaty 1822
  - The Hammerton treaty 1845
  - The frère treaty 1873
2. Discuss six effects of the coming of Christian missionaries in Kenya (12 mks)
  - Provision of medical services undermined the role of traditional medicine.
  - Led to abolition of western education and formal leaning
  - Christianity weakened traditional religious customs
  - Led to rise of independent churches and schools
  - Missionary activities led to colonization of Kenya by Europeans.
  - Led to creation of job opportunities among educated Africans
  - Led to translation of the Bible into African languages
    6x2 = 12 marks
1. Outline three demands for the white sellers contained in the Devonshire white paper of 1923 (3 Marks)
  - To retain the Kenya Highlands exclusively for the whites.
  - Separate development of all the races in Kenya based on the policy of segregation.
  - Greater autonomy from Britain.
  - Restriction on Asian migration to Kenya.
    3x1= 3 Marks
2. Discuss six problems encountered by white settlers in Kenya (12 Marks)
  - Lack of enough labour/unwillingness e.g Africans to offer labour.
  - Hostile attacks by natives/constant raids by hostile communities.
  - In adequate capital
  - Poor transport network
  - Lack of prior knowledge of the region in terms of climate, soils and seasons.
  - Prevalence of tropical diseases
  - Limited markets/ inadequate marketing of their produce.
  - Price fluctuations in the world market.
1. State three roles played by African elected member’s organization. (AEMO) in the struggle for independence in Kenya (5 Marks)
  - Elected members formed a pressure group to demand for greater political rights for Africans.
  - They formed the core team which pressurized for independence
  - They made known the grievances for the Africans in international fora.
  - They fought for the release of Jomo Kenyatta and other detained African Nationalists.
  - They formed the national political parties’ e.g KANU, KADU, APP which led to independence.
  - The educated and created awareness among the masses to the nationalist struggle.
  - They popularized Kenyatta and made him to be accepted as the nationalist hero.
  - They took part in the formulation of the independence constitution
    5x1=5mks
2. Explain the factors that undermined African Nationalist activities in Kenya between 1939 and 1963 (10 Marks)
  - Harassment, detention and jailing of nationalist leaders e.g Jomo Kenyatta, Oneko.
  - Banning of political organization especially during the interwar emergency period.
  - Disunity among the African Nationalist/ tribalism
  - Lack of finances & other resources with which to manage the struggle.
  - African nationalists were denied access to the mass media therefore they could not articulate their grievances.
  - Betrayal of the African nationalists by other people especially the home guards.
  - Lack of support from some communities from within and out of the country.
  - Use of the mass media by the colonial government to discredit the activities of the nationalist.
  - Illiteracy among Africans
  - Restriction of the movement
    5x2 = 10 Marks

SECTION C 30MARKS

1. Give three ways in which conflicts can be prevented in Kenya (3 Marks)
  - Good leadership /governance
  - Respecting other people’s rights and freedoms
  - Having a good constitution
  - Free and fair electrons/electoral process
  - Equitable/fair distribution of resources
  - Maintenance of law and order.
    3x1= 3 Marks
2. Discuss causes of conflicts among the people of Kenya today (12Marks)
  - Greed
  - Exploitation of the poor by the rich
  - Nepotism
  - Tribalism
  - Racism
  - Irresponsible statements by leaders
  - Religious differences
  - Unequal distribution of resources
    6 X 2 = 12mks
1. Identify three constitutional amendments that took place in 1964 (3Marks)
  - 1964- the republican constitution replaced the independence constitution
  - Abolition of the position of the prime minister and creation of the position of an executive president.
  - Abolition of the bicameral legislature to a unicameral one.
    3x1=3mrks
2. Explain six features of the independence constitution of Kenya (12mrks)
  - It provided for the establishment of a federal government. It divided responsibilities between regional governments and the central government.
  - It entrenched multi-party democracy; and spelt out that the party with the majority forms the government.
  - It spelt out the fundamental freedoms and rights as well as obligations of citizens. Rights of the minorities were safeguard.
  - It provided for a position/post of prime minister to head the government and a governor general to head the state
  - It provided for ways of acquisition of citizenship in Kenya.
  - It set up a judicial service commission to appoint judicial officers
  - It provided for an independent judiciary to administer justice.
1. State three non-military functions/duties of the KDF (3 Marks)
  - Assisting in emergencies e.g. evacuation of civilians during calamities/disasters e.g floods
  - mounting guards of honor for visiting state guests/heads of state
  - entertain guests during national holidays
  - help in nation building activities such as constructing roads, bridges, dams etc
2. Discuss six functions of the Kenyan president (12 Marks)
  - Head of state
  - Head of government
  - Presiding over national holidays e.g mashujaa, jamhuri
  - Chairing cabinet meetings
  - Opening and dissolving the national assemblies
  - Commander in chief of the armed forces
  - Pardoning minor offenders with parliament approval
  - Conferring honors e.g. OBS, EBS, etc.
  - Safeguarding the constitution
    6x1=12 Marks