Tools - Grade 7 Pre-Technical Studies Revision Notes

What you get:

• Definition of a tool
• Hosehold hand tools
• Identifying household hand tools
• Categorising household tools according to their use
• Using household hand tools to perform different tasks
• Care and maintenance of household hand tools
• Careers related to household hand tools
• The role of household hand tools in the community
• Farming hand tools
• Identifying farming hand tools
• Categorising farming hand tools according to their uses
• Using farming hand tools to perform different tasks
• Care and maintenance of farming hand tools
• Careers related to farming hand tools
• Importance of farming tools

TOOLS

HOSEHOLD HAND TOOLS

A TOOL is any instrument held in the hand and used to do work.

A hand tool is any tool that is powered by hand in order to perform an activity

Identifying household hand tools

1. Scissors
2. Tape measure
3. Hammer
4. Knife
5. Chisel
6. Spade
7. Mallet
8. Pliers
9. Rake
10. Axe

Categorising household tools according to their use

Using household hand tools to perform different tasks

1. PANGA
   Can be use to cut grass
   Hold the pang firmly by the handle with one hand
   Hold the grass with the other  hand
   Maintain a safe distance between the panga and the hand holding the grass
   Lift the panga and cut the grass
2. TAPE MEASURE
   Put the piece of timber on a fat surface
   Carefully put the hook of the tape measure at the edge of the timber
   Ask your friend to hold the end of the tape measure. Pull back the tape measure across the timber to let more tape out
   Let out the tape until it stretches across the whole length  of the timber
   Look at the point where the tape align with the end of the timber
   Read the measurement in centimetres and record in your notebook
   Carefully let the tape measure to roll back into the casing
   Store  the tape measure carefully
3. HAMMER
   Wear protective  eye googles
   Ensure there is no one behind you to avoid injuries
   Grip the hammer by the end of the handle
   Line the nail and the piece of wood that you want to hammer
   Hold the nail on the surface of the wood and gently tap the nail with the hammer until it holds in place
   Once the nail is in place, increase the hammering force to drive the rest of the nail into the wood.
   Remove your hand and hit the nail completely  inside the wood
   Store your hammer safely after use

Care and maintenance of household hand tools

1. Clean the tools after use
2. Replace broken handles if any
3. Sharpen blades of cutting tools
4. Tighten loose screws and nuts of tools like saws
5. Oil moving parts of tools like pliers
6. Straighten bents and teeth of saws
7. Store tools safely  in a clean dry place after use
   You can hang saws on a hook
8. When storing tools with metallic parts for a long period of time, oil the metallic parts to avoid rusting.

Careers related to household hand tools

1. Masonry
2. Plumbing
3. Mechanics
4. Electrical installations
5. Building and constructions

The role of household hand tools in the community

1. Perform tasks easily as they improve efficiency
2. Save on time required to perform different tasks
3. Do simple repairs at home
4. This helps us to save money that would be required to pay experts to perform the repairs

Farming hand tools

Farming hand tools are tools that are powered by hand and used to perform different tasks

Identifying farming hand tools

1. Slasher
2. Panga
3. Rake
4. Jembe
5. Pruning shears
6. Garden fork
7. Sickle
8. Garden trowel
9. Axe
10. Fork jembe

Categorising farming hand tools according to their uses

Using farming hand tools to perform different tasks

Care and maintenance of farming hand tools

We maintain and care for farming tools so that they serve as for a long time

We can care for farming hand tools by:

1. cleaning them after use
2. oiling the metallic parts of tools such as pangas to prevent rusting
3. sharpening the cutting adges
4. replacing broken handles
5. oiling the moving parts of tools such as secateurs to reduce friction
6. storing the tools safely after use

Careers related to farming hand tools

1. crop farming
   This is a common career in our country because agriculture is the backbone of our economy.
   In crop farming, we use jembes, ploughs
2. gardening
   Gardeners use different hand tools when planting weeding
3. landscaping and planning
   Landscapers use farming hand tools to perform tasks such as   
   1. Weeding and mulching landscape beds
   2. Trimming small trees, hedges and shrubs
   3. Planting shrubs, flowers and trees
   4. Removing unwanted, dead or damaged trees
4. Welding and blacksmithing
   Welders and blacksmiths take part in making and repairing metallic parts of farming hand tools
5. Carpentry
   Carpenters make items using board and timber.
   They also replace wooden handles of farming hand tools
6. Sugarcane cutting
   Sugarcane cutters use pangas and machetes to harvest sugarcanes from farms
7. Fencing
   People who erect and repair fences use tools such as pliers, jembes, shovels and hammers in their work.
8. Livestock farming
   Livestock farmers use pangas for chopping napier grass for their livestock

Importance of farming tools

Farming hand tools helps us in performing different tasks in the frm.

This helps to improve efficiency with then results to productivity