History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - 2021 KCSE Eldoret Diocese Mock Exams

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Questions

SECTION A (25MARKS)
( ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION)

  1. Identify one form of government. (1mark)
  2. Give one characteristic of microlithic tools. (1mark)
  3. Identify two problems encountered by the pioneer settlers of America. (2marks)
  4. Give two features of local trade. (2marks)
  5. Identify the main challenge of using sailing ships as a means of transport. (1mark)
  6. Identify one way in which sign language is applied in Kenya. (1mark)
  7. Identify one theory explaining the origin of iron-working in Africa. (1mark)
  8. Give two advantages of steel over iron during the Industrial Revolution in Europe. (2marks)
  9. Name one modern center in Africa. (1mark)
  10. Identify the main factor for the growth of Buganda Kingdom (1mark)
  11. Identify one country in West Africa which was colonized by the British. (1mark)
  12. Give two duties of the emirs during the application of British indirect rule in Northern Nigeria. (2marks)
  13. Identify two peaceful methods used by nationalists in South Africa in the struggle for independence. (2marks)
  14. Name one organ that make up the League of Nations. (1mark)
  15. Identify two weapons which were used during the cold war. (2marks)
  16. Name two leaders who signed the treaty leading to the re-birth of the East Africa Community. (2marks)
  17. Give two conditions that one has to fulfill in order to be elected president if India. (2marks)

SECTION B (45MARKS)
(answer any three questions in this section)

  1.        
    1. Give five features of Homo Sapiens. (5marks)
    2. Describe the culture of man during the Old Stone Age Period. (10 marks)
  2.    
    1. Identify any five traditional forms of communication. (5marks)
    2.  Explain five Negative impact of modern means of communication. (10marks)
  3.    
    1. Identify five communities in Tanganyika which resisted the Germans during the Maji Maji Rebellion. (5marks)
    2. Explain five reasons for the failure of the Maji-Maji Rebellion. (10marks)
  4.  
    1. Identify five aims of the United Nations. (5marks)
    2. Explain five challenges that faced the Non-Aligned Movement. (10marks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)
(ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION)

  1.          
    1. Give three factors for the rise of the Asante Kingdom during the 19th Century. (3marks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Shona Kingdom during the 19th Century. (12marks)
  2.         
    1. Identify three reasons why Pan-African Movement had not established itself in African Continent before 1945. (3marks)
    2. Explain six Achievements of Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). (12marks)
  3.     
    1. Give three conditions that one had to fulfill in order to be elected President in India. (3marks)
    2. Explain six functions of the Indian President. (12marks)

Marking Scheme

  1.  Identify one form of government. (1mark)
    • Democratic.
    • Aristocratic.
    • Monarchical
    • Dictatorial.
  2. Give one characteristic of microlithic tools. (1mark)
    • They were small in size.
    • They were crafted/fitted with handles.
    • They were more efficient compared to the tools earlier made by man.
    • They were sharp.
  3. Identify two problems encountered by the pioneer settlers of America during the Agrarian Revolution. (2marks)
    • Many of them died due to diseases they encountered.
    • The natives, American Indians were hostile to them.
    • Lack of knowledge on the suitable crops for the areas led to heavy losses.
    • The immigrant settlers introduced a number of things to America such as horses, cattle sheep and plants from Europe.
  4. Give two features of local trade. (2marks)
    • it covers a small geographical area e.g community or village.
    • it involves few traders and trade items.
    • Conducted on a specific day and place.
    • The sale of goods is done directly from the producer to the consumer without involving the middlemen.
    • Controlled the chief or the king in the community.
  5. Identify the main challenge of using sailing ships as a means of transport. (1mark)
    • They could only sail on windy days and seasons.
  6. Identify one way in which sign language is applied in modern society. (1mark)
    • It is taught in schools and examined.
    • Interpretation of the spoken language during news anchoring and public functions.
  7. Identify one theory explaining the origin of iron-working in Africa. (1mark)
    • Independent Development theory
    • Diffusion theory
  8. Give two advantages of steel over iron during the Industrial Revolution in Europe. (2marks)
    • Steel was lighter than iron.
    • Stronger than iron.
    • Steel did not rust like iron.
    • Steel was not as heavy as iron.
    • Steel could bend without breaking.
  9. Name one modern center in Africa. (1mark).
    • Johannesburg.
    • Nairobi.
  10. Identify the main factor for the growth of Buganda Kingdom (1mark)
    • Able and strong leadership.
  11. Identify one country in West Africa which was colonized by the British. (1mark)
    • Gold Coast.
    • Nigeria.
    • Gambia.
    • Sierra Leone
  12. Give two duties of the emirs during the application of British indirect rule in Northern Nigeria. (2marks)
    • They collected taxes.
    • They recruited labor for public works.
    • They headed local governments.
    • Tried cases in the local customary courts.
    • Maintained law and order.
    • Appointed village heads.
    • Communicated colonial policies to the people.
    • Supervised construction of roads and markets.
  13. Identify two peaceful methods used by nationalists in South Africa in the struggle for independence. (2marks)
    • They formed political parties.
    • Formed Trade Unions.
    • Diplomacy.
    • Hunger strikes.
    • The church.
    • Mass media.
  14. Name one organ that make up the League of Nations. (1mark)
    • The Assembly.
    • The Council.
    • The Secretariat.
    • The Permanent Court of International Justice.
    • The international labor organization.
    • Specialized Agencies.
  15. Identify two weapons which were used during the cold war. (2marks)
    • Propaganda.
    • Economic sanctions.
    • Military assistance to the allies of the enemies..
    • Financial/Technical aid to the enemies of the opposite side.
  16. Name two leaders who signed the treaty leading to the re-birth of the East Africa Community. (2marks)
    • Daniel Toroitich Moi of Kenya.
    • Ali Hassan Mwinyi of Tanzania.
    • Yoweri Kaguta Museveni of Uganda.
  17. Give two conditions that one has to fulfill in order to be elected president if India. (2marks)
    • One must be a citizen of India.
    • He/she must above the age of 35 years.
    • He/she should be qualified as a member of the House of the People.
    • He/she should not hold any office of profit under the government of India.
  18.               
    1. Give five features of Homo Sapiens. (5marks)
      • Had straight legs.
      • Walked with twos with long strides.
      • Small teeth.
      • Steep well-rounded forehead.
      • Large brain capacity of up to 1300 cc
      • Heavy brows and ridges over the eyes.
      • Strongly build with broad shoulders.
      • Bushy eye-brows.
    2. Describe the culture of man during the Old Stone Age Period. (10 marks)
      • Man made tools in two phases that is, Oldowan tools associated with Australopithecus and Homo habilis and Acheulian tools in phase two associated with Homo erectus.
      • Man practiced hunting and gathering.
      • They lived in small groups of about 20-30 groups.
      • They used tree-tops and caves as their shelter.
      • They wore no clothes but were kept warm by their hairy bodies.
      • They used rudimentary speech that is gestures and click sounds to communicate.
      • They ate raw food since fire had not been discovered.
  19.     
    1. Identify any five traditional forms of communication.(5marks)
      • Verbal communication/language.
      • Gestures.
      • Fire and smoke signals.
      • Drumbeats.
      • Horn blowing.
      • Screams and cries.
      • Messengers.
    2. Explain five Negative impact of modern means of communication. (10marks)
      • It has led to rise in global crime such as drug trafficking, terrorism and money laundering.
      • Erosion of moral values e.g dissemination of pornographic materials.
      • Promotion of addictive tendencies leading to long hours watching TVs at the expense of other duties.
      • Exposure to radioactive rays has led to disease such as cancer.
      • It has caused noise pollution due to high and loud volumes from gadgets.
      • It has revolutionized warfare leading to more destruction than before.
      • It has led to cultural imperialism where super powers impose their cultural values on the rest of the world.
      • Most of the modern gadgets used for communication are expensive to buy and install.
  20.    
    1. Identify five communities in Tanganyika which resisted the Germans during the Maji Maji Rebellion. (10marks)
      • Zaramo.
      • Matumbi.
      • Bena.
      • Ngindo.
      • Pogoro.
      • Bunga.
      • Ngoni.
      • Luguru.
      • Wamwera.
      • Ndendeule.
    2. Explain five reasons for the failure of the Maji-Maji Rebellion. (10marks)
      • The Africans were disorganized and disunited.
      • Some Africans became demoralized and lost faith of their religion when the magic water failed to protect them against the German bullets.
      • The Germans had superior weapons and well-trained soldiers that the Africans could not match
      • The arrest and execution of their leaders like Kinjekitile Ngwale demoralized African fighters.
      • Some Africans collaborated with the Germans, helping them against fellow Africans, and others did not join the war.
      • Germans received reinforcement in the form of weapons and mercenary soldiers from Somalia, Sudan, New Guinea and German.
      • In 1907, a severe famine broke out forcing some groups to abandon the fight.
      • The scorched-earth policy used by the Germans also led to destruction of homes and property.
  21.       
    1. Identify five aims of the United Nations. (5marks)
      • To maintain international peace and security.
      • To develop friendly relations among nations.
      • To promote respect for fundamental human rights and freedoms.
      • To promote social progress and better living standards among the people.
      • To promote cultural interaction between member nations.
      • To prevent the occurrence of another world war.
      • To protect the interests of the minority groups such as women and children.
      • To promote economic development among member states as they work to reconstruct the world economy.
      • To replace the League of Nations for continuity in the maintain ace of world peace and security.
      • To promote international understanding and cooperation among nations.
    2. Explain five challenges that faced the Non-Aligned Movement. (10marks)
      • Political instabilities among member states.
      • Economic ties between the third world countries and their colonial masters had made it difficult for the member states to pursue an independent line.
      • Border disputes between neighboring member countries.
      • Economic backwardness of some of the member countries has made it difficult for them to meet their obligations.
      • Lack of commitment among member states.
      • Poor coordination of NAM activities.
      • Ideological differences between member states have undermined their co-operation.
      • Divided loyalty where member countries are members of other regional organization like AU.
      • Breakup up the Soviet Union and the end of the cold war has destabilized the movement.
      • Conflicting national interests among the member countries.
      • Personality differences among leaders of the member states. NAM lacks a permanent army for law enforcement.
  22.          
    1. Give three factors for the rise of the Asante Kingdom during the 19th Century. (3marks)
      • Several states emerged around Kumasi and gave support to one another of which most of them originated from the Oyoko clan.
      • The growth of the transatlantic slave trade brought wealth to the Asante state.
      • The Asantehenes-asante rulers were able, shrewd and courageous for example Obiri Yeboa, Opuku Ware and Osei Tutu.
      • The golden stool brought about unity in the Kingdom.
      • The kingdom had a strong agricultural base.
      • The centralized political system provided stability.
      • The annual Odwira festivals helped to make the state more cohesive.
      • The Asante were brave and proud people and this motivated them to create a strong state.
    2. Describe the political organization of the Shona Kingdom during the 19th Century. (12marks)
      • The Shona kingdom or empire was ruled by an emperor who also served as the head of state
      • The position of the king was hereditary making the political system stable.
      • The king (mwene Mutapa) was the chief religious’ authority in the kingdom as he was the only one who could communicate with the spirits of the ancestors.
      • The ancestors, spirits, vadzimu were normally commented during the new moon.
      • Mwene Mutapa was a divine king.
      • Mwene Mutapa also used the priests as a link between him and the people.
      • The royal fire another symbol of national unity.
      • The emperor or the king-controlled trade whose revenue was used to sustain the army.
      • The emperor was divided into provinces which were headed by lesser kings who paid tribute to the king.
      • The provinces were divided into chiefdoms ruled by the chiefs.
      • Under the chiefs were headmen who were in charge of the villages.
      • The empire had a strong standing army for defense and expansion.
      • The emperor was assisted by many officials to rule the kingdom e.g the queen mother, the queen sister, emperors nine principal wives, the army commander, the head drummer, head cook and head door keeper.
  23.          
    1. Identify three reasons why Pan-African Movement had not established itself in African Continent before 1945. (3marks)
      • There was lack of adequate African representation in the movement before 1945.
      • Such movements were outlawed by colonial authorities.
      • The ‘divide and rule’ policy used by the Europeans made it possible for Africans to communicate and cooperate.
      • Africans in each colony were mainly concerned with issues that affected them directly e.g land alienation forced labor and taxation.
      • The only countries that were not colonized (Liberia and Ethiopia) could not champion for Pan-Africanism because of their own problems.
      • Lack of venue to hold meetings on the African soil since the colonial government could not allow.
      • Poor state of transport and communication could not permit fast spread of pan Africanism.
      • Few people were educated and only a minority in Africa had higher education hence there were was widespread illiteracy and ignorance.
      • Africans were too poor to contribute to pan African efforts.
    2. Explain six Achievements of Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). (12marks)
      • It provides its members a wide, harmonized and more competitive market for internal and external trading
      • It provides member states with rational way of exploiting natural resources for their welfare.
      • COMESA has established harmonized monetary, banking , banking and financial policies in the region.
      • It has improved the administration of transport and communication to ease movement of goods, services and people.
      • It has ensured cooperation of peace, security and stability among member states in order to enhance economic development in the region.
      • COMESA has strengthened relations between the common market and the rest of the world.
      • Through the Authority of Heads of States and Government, COMESA directs and controls the affairs of the common market.
      • Customs cooperation has been achieved through a unified computerized customs network that operates across the region.
      • It has provided room for greater industrial productivity and competitiveness due to its large market.
      • it has encouraged member states to practice good governance accountability and respect for human rights.
      • It has contributed to employment of many people in the region.
      • COMESA has promoted increased agricultural production and exploitation of natural resources.
      • The organization has ensured a more efficient and reliable transport and communication infrastructure.
  24.              
    1. Give three conditions that one had to fulfill in order to be elected President in India. (3marks)
      • He/she must be a citizen of India.
      • He/she must have attained the age of 35 years and above.
      • He/she should hold any other office of profit under the government of India.
      • He/she should be qualified to be elected as a member of the house of the people (Lok Sabha)
    2. Explain six functions of the Indian President. (12marks)
      • The Indian president has the powers to make regulations for certain union territories.
      • Appoints the chief minister and Lieutenant Governor of the National Capital territory of Delhi and the Governors of the states or Union territories.
      • Establishes special councils to arbitrate on inter-state disputes.
      • Nominates the twelve members of the council of states.
      • Is a member of the legislature.
      • Calls upon the leader of the winning party after elections to form the government.
      • Assents to bills before they become law.
      • Dissolves the lower House of parliament.
      • Is the commander in chief of the armed forces.
      • Declares a state of emergency when national security Is threatened.
      • Pardons convicted criminals.
      • Is a symbol of national unity.
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