INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
- Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
- Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
- This paper consists of two sections A and B
- Answer all the questions in section A in the spaces provided
- In section B answer question 6 (compulsory) and either question 7 or 8 in the spaces provided after question 8.
For examiner’s use only
Question |
Maximum score |
Candidate’s score |
1 |
8 |
|
2 |
8 |
|
3 |
8 |
|
4 |
8 |
|
5 |
8 |
|
6 |
20 |
|
20 |
||
Total score |
80 |
QUESTIONS
SECTION A 40 MARKS
Answer all the questions in this section in the space provided
- The diagram below shows a section through the mammalian skin
- Name the parts labelled W and X (2mks)
W………………………………………………….
X ………………………………………………… - State the function of the parts labelled Y and Z (2mks)
- Explain the changes that occur in the skin when it is cold (4mks)
- Name the parts labelled W and X (2mks)
-
- Eye colour in fruits flies is sex-linked. Red eye colour R is dominant to white eye colour r
A heterozygous red –eyed female fly was crossed with a white eyed male- Show the parental genotypes (1mk)
- By means of a genetic cross, determine the genotypic ratio of the offsprings (4mks)
- Explain why the actual phenotype ratio obtained from this cross could differ from the Expected (1mk)
- Name two disorders due to non-disjuction (2mks)
- Eye colour in fruits flies is sex-linked. Red eye colour R is dominant to white eye colour r
- The diagram below represents a feeding relationship in an ecosystem.
- Name the type of ecosystem represented by the above food web (1mk)
- Name the organism in the food web that
- Is a producer (1mk)
- Occupies the highest tropic level. (1mk)
-
- Write a food chain that ends with the hawk as a quarternary consumer. (1mk)
- State two short terms effects on the above ecosystem if all the small fish were killed (2mks)
-
- How does oil spills lead to death of fish? (1mk)
- Name one other cause of water pollution apart from oil spills. (1mk)
- The experiment below was set – up to investigate some physiological processes. The glucose solution was first boiled then cooled. The set up was left for 24 hours
- Suggest two aims of the experiment. (2mks)
-
- State the expected observations after 24 hours (2mks)
- Explain your observations in a (i) above (2mks)
- Why was glucose solution boiled then cooled? (1mk)
- Suggest a control for the above experiment. (1mk)
- A group of students set up an experiment to investigate a certain physiological process. The set up was as shown in the diagram below.
After some time, the students observed that the level of sugar solution had risen- What physiological process was being investigated. (1mk)
- Account for the rise in the level of sugar solution in this experiment. (4mks)
-
- State the results that the students would obtain if they repeated the experiment using a piece of boiled pawpaw. (1mk)
- Give a reason for your answer (2mks)
SECTION B (40 MARKS)
Answer questions 6 (compulsory) and either questions 7 or 8 in the spaces provided questions
6. During germination and growth of a cereal, the dry weight of endosperm, the embryo and the total dry weight were determined at two day intervals. The results are shown in the table below:
Time after planting (days) |
Dry weight of endosperm (mg) |
Dry weight of embryo (mg) |
Total dry weight (mg) |
0 |
43 |
2 |
45 |
2 |
40 |
2 |
42 |
4 |
33 |
7 |
40 |
6 |
20 |
17 |
37 |
8 |
10 |
25 |
35 |
10 |
6 |
33 |
39 |
- Using the same axes, draw graphs of dry weight of endosperm, embryo and the total dry weight against time. (7mks)
- What was the total dry weight on day 5 (1mark)
- Account for
- Decrease in dry weight of endosperm from 0 to 10 (2mks)
- Increase in dry weight of embryo from day 0 to day 10 (2mks)
- Decrease in total dry weight from day 0 to day 8 (1mk)
- Increase in total dry weight after day 8 (1mk)
- State two factors within the seed and two outside the seed that cause dormancy
- Within the seed. (2mks)
- Outside the seed (2marks)
- Give two characteristics of meristematic cells (2mks)
7.
- Describe the process of fertilization in flowering plants (15mks)
- State the changes that take place in a flower after fertilization (5mks)
8.
- Describe the mechanism of inhalation in man. (10mks)
- Using photosynthesis theory explain the mechanics of opening of stomata. (10mks)
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