Home Science Paper 1 Questions and Answers - MECS Cluster Joint Pre Mock Exams 2021/2022

HOMESCIENCE FORM 4
PAPER 1 (THEORY)

SECTION A (40 MARKS)
Answer all questions in the spaces provided

What is a dessert? Give one example (1mk)
Identify two types of vacuum cleaners. (1mk)
Mention two types of electronic money transfer used to pay for goods and services. (1mk)
State two symptoms of a person suffering from scurvy (2mks)
List four types of fabrics that are drip dried during laundry. (2mks)
Suggest two points to bear in mind when attaching buttons. (2mks)
State two advantages of owning a home. (2mks)
Mention two importance of melanin in the body. (2mks)
Give two reasons why lampshades are popular. (2mks)
What is the meaning of haberdashery (1mk)
Outline four ways of preventing cholera outbreak (2mks)
Identify two practices necessary for successful steaming in cookery (2mks)
What is the role of a ‘U/S’ bend in concealed drainage system (1mk)
Highlight two dangers of excess weight gain during pregnancy (2mks)
15. Identify four fabrics that should not be wrung. (2mks)
List four fastenings suitable for a toddlers garment. (2mks)
Highlight two benefits of studying home science to the community. (2mks)
State two reasons for blanching vegetables. (2mks)
Give two example of builders added to detergents during manufacture. (1mk)
State four advantages of regular cleaning of household items. (2mks)
Distinguish between raglan and kimono sleeve. (1mk)
State two characteristics of incomplete or second class proteins. (1mk)
Identify two immunizable diseases caused by viruses. (1mk)
Identify two situations when a lactating mother produces little or no milk at all. (1mk)
Name two areas in the house where light fixtures can be found. (1mk)
Define the following in relation to weaning. (1mk)
1. Basic mix
2. Multi mix

SECTION B
COMPULSORY

Your sister has invited you to a stay with her over the holiday and she has an eight months old baby.
Write down the procedure of carrying out the following activities at her home.
1. Prepare a cot for her baby (10mks)
2. Clean her baby’s plastic feeding bottle. (5mks)
3. Thoroughly clean her calabash that she uses to serve porridge. (5mks)

SECTION C (40 MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section in the spaces provided

1. Explain 6 dangers of land pollution to mankind (6 marks)
2. The diagram below shows a longitudinal section of a wheat grain
  1. Label parts A,B,C,D (4 marks)
  2. Name two nutrients found in part A and two found in part D (4 marks)
3. Outline 6 advantages of proper ventilation in a house (6 marks)
1. Name 4 agencies that protect consumers and their functions ( 4marks )
2. Outline 4 preparations that one needs to carry out on a sewing machine in readiness for stitching (4marks)
3. Explain 3 nutritional needs of the elderly (6marks)
4. Describe 3 factors to consider when choosing a seam in garment construction (6marks)
1. Explain three factors you would consider when choosing flowers for a flower arrangement (6marks)
2. Outline four practices to safeguard against occurrence of food spoilage and poisoning in the home (4marks)
3. Describe 4 qualities of well made gathers (4marks)
4. 1. Interpret the following care label symbols (3marks)
  2. Explain three things to show the importance of advertisements to consumers (3marks)

MARKING SCHEME

A dessert is a sweet dish served at the end of the main meal to dull the appetite. e.g a piece of cake, sweet, ice cream, fruit punch, fruit salad any other relevant example. (1mk)
Two types of vacuum cleaners (1mk)
- Flat bottom
- cylindrical
- Round
Two forms of electronic money transfer (1mk)
- Credit cards
- M-pesa
two symptoms of person suffering from scurvy (2mks)
- weak body capillaries
- bleeding gums
- anaemia
- unhealthy skin
- wounds take long to heal
- general body weakness
Fabrics that are drip dried during laundry: (2mks)
- Polyester nylon
- Terrylone
- spandex
Points to remember when attaching buttons (2mks)
- Leave at least 3mm from the edge of the opening
- It should align with the buttonhole
- Create a shank
- Fasten off threads using buttonhole or over sewing stitches
- Use a single thread when attaching buttons
Advantages of owning a home (2mks)
- Offers a sense of belonging and ownership
- Can be used as security for loans
Importance of melanin (2mks)
- gives the skin its colour
- Protects the skin against damaging effect of UV rays of the sun
- Synthesis of vitamin D
Reasons why lampshades are popular (2mks)
- Enhance the beauty of the room/ decorative
- Filter excess light
Haberdarshery – these are sewing notions such as thread, buttons and trimmings (1mk)
Prevention of cholera (2mks)
- Proper disposal of human wastes to prevent water contamination
- Locate latrines away from water sources
- Treat/ boil water for domestic use
- Infected persons should be treated
- Equipment used by the patients should be isolated and sterilized
Practices necessary for successful steaming (2mks)
- The steamer must have a tight fitting lid to prevent escape of steam
- Hot boiling water should be used when replenishing the steamer
- The food should be protected from direct contact with the steam
Role of U/S bend – stores clean water to seal off bad smell the drains (1mk)
Dangers of excess weight gain during pregnancy (2mks)
- Can cause varicose veins
- Can cause stretch marks
- Increase fatigue in an expectant mother
- Increase risk of HBP
- Cause too big a child which can result in complicated delivery
- May be difficult to shade off the extra weight after delivery
Four fabrics which should not be wrung (2mks)
- Acrylic
- Silk
- Polyester
- Wool
- Nylon
Four fastenings suitable for a toddlers garment. (2mks)
- Buttons with loops/buttonholes
- Ties/ Tapes/Ribbons/Cords
- Velcro
- Plastic press studs
- Zips
Benefits of Home science to the community (2mks)
- The individual acts as a role model in the community
- Renders services to the community
- Individual acts as a resource person on issues concerning diet, home management, consumer education e.t.c.
Reasons for blanching vegetables (2mks)
- dipping vegetables in boiling water to stop enzymatic action
- Kill microorganisms
- Retain colour
Examples of builders in the manufacture of detergents. (1mk)
- Sodium bicarbonate
Advantages of regular cleaning of household items. (2mks)
- Hygienic reasons
- Preserve the appearance of the items
- Psychological satisfaction
- Cut down on maintenance costs
Raglan sleeve is cut together with the shoulder while the Kimono sleeve is cut together with the bodice. (1mk)
Properties of second class proteins. (1mk)
- They lack one or more of the essential amino acids
- They are commonly obtained from plant sources except soya beans.
Immunizable diseases caused by viruses. (1mk)
- Polio
- Hepatitis B
- Whooping cough
Two situations when a lactating mother produces little or no milk at all. (1mk)
- Emotional stress
- Insomnia/ lack of sleep
- Insufficient rest
- Poor die
Two areas in the house where light fixtures can be found. (1mk)
- Wall
- Table
- Ceiling
- Floor
Define the following in relation to weaning. (1mk)
1. Basic- mix: a weaning dish comprising of a single source of nutrient
2. Multi- mix: a weaning dish comprising of a mixture of different nutrient source/ nutrient dense weaning dish
1. - Place a mattress on the cot (½)
  - Cover (½) the mattress with a plastic sheet (½)
  - Turn the sides properly (½) to cover the mattress (½)
  - Place (½) the under blanket (½)
  - Place bottom sheet (½) with equal allowance (½) for the top (½) and bottom (½). Make corners (½) and turn in sheet at the side (½)
  - Place the top sheet (½) with wrong side up (½) and then hem in line (½) with the top edge of the mattress (½).
  - Place the blanket (½) below the hem of the sheet (½)
  - Tuck in the bottom (½) and make mitred corner (½) and turn back top sheet (½) and a blanket with a neat steep(½)
  - Tuck in (½) everything on all sides (½)
  - Use a bedcover if available(½) and protect it with mosquito net(½) even when not in use (½)
  - Collect all the cleaning equipment and materials (1) (Max. 30/3 = 10mks)
2. - Remove the different parts(½)
  - Wash with a brush(½)with soft brushes(½)and hot soapy water(½)
  - Rinse(½)them in hot water to disinfect (½) then rinse (½) in cold water (½)
  - Boil the bottle (½) and cover for 10-20 minutes (½)
  - Treat the teat (½) by rubbing with little salt (½) and rinse (½)
  - Keep all the parts (½) covered (½) (store) in warm water (½)
  - A sterilizing liquid (½) may be added to storing water (½) e.g. Milton
  - Clean and store the cleaning equipment and materials (1) (20 x ¼ = 5mks)
3. - Collect all the cleaning materials and equipment (½)
  - Wash in warm (½) soapy water (½) using a mild abrasive (½)
  - Rinse thoroughly in warm water (½)
  - Final rinse (½) in cold water (½) to freshen (½)
  - Place upside down (½) on a drying rack
  - Store in a cool (½) dry place (½)
  - Clean and store cleaning material and equipment (½) (15 x 1/3 = 5mks)
1. Describing 6 hazards of land pollution to mankind (6 marks)
  - Can cause unpleasant smell which are a nuisance or even injurious to health
  - People can be infected with diseases by pests harboured in the dumped waste.
  - Drinking water can be polluted by factory and sewage waste leading to ill health
  - Food stuff such as vegetables can be contaminated by waste matter dumped on the landInfections can result from dumped
  - waste materials such as contaminated hospital waste.
  - Epidemics can be brought about by pests or polluted water
  - Severe injuries can occur from sharp or corrosive materials (any 6 x 1= 6 marks
2. - Labeling parts ABCD of a longitudinal section of a wheat grain (4 marks)
    - Bran
    - Aleurone layer
    - Endosperm
    - Germ (4 x 1 = 4 marks)
  - Naming two nutrients in A and two in D (4 months)
    - A - Iron, calcium, phosphorus, fibre
      - B - Fat, protein and B Complex 4 x1= 4 marks
3. Explaining 3 advantages of proper ventilation in a house (6 marks)
  - Providing oxygen to the occupants after using oxygen the air we breath out does not contain enough oxygen thus there is need to replenish the air in the room with one that contains enough oxygen from the outside.
  - To get rid of carbon dioxide. If the air we breathe out is allowed to accumulate in the room. It may be harmful to our bodies thus the need for ventilation to get rid of it.
  - Expels pollutants from the room. Pollutants in the air need to be cleared from the room through exchange with fresh air from outside the room
  - Controls humidity. Stale air laden with humidity needs to be expelled from a room and replaced with fresh air from outside.
  - Controls room temperature. Exchange of stagnant air in a room with fresh air from outside helps lower the temperature inside a room.
  - Maintains good health. Exchange of stale air with fresh air helps to reduce the concentration of disease causing micro-organism in the air thus reducing the risk of infections.
  - For aesthetic reasons. Adequate ventilation ensures pollutants such as smoke and dust are expelled from a room and do not settle on household surfaces
  - Freshens a room .Stale air with foul smell is cleared from a room through exchange with fresh air from outside the room (any 3 x 2 well explained advantages (6 marks)
1. Agencies that protect consumers and their function
  - Kenya consumers association – Takes up litigation for aggrieved consumers and provide information
  - Kenya bureau of standards – establishes standards for manufacturing goods and ensures that these standards are adhered to.
  - Trade description act – operates through the ministry of trade and ensures integrity is ensured in trading practices
  - Price control department – operate under the ministry of defense and ensures that standards prices of commodities are adhered to
  - Weights and measures department – ensures that the correct weights and measures are used
  - Public health act – public health officers inspect business premises and manufacturing process of commodities.
  - Any 4 points
  - Naming ½
  - Stating importance ½ 1mk x 4 = 4mks
2. Outline 4 things to do on a sewing machine in readiness for stitching (4mks)
  - Placing the machine in a well lit room
  - Winding the bobbin
  - Threading the machine correctly
  - Dusting and wiping the machine
  - Checking upper and lower tension
  - Checking the stitch length on the fabric to be stitched (any 4 x 1 = 4mks)
3. Explaining 3 nutritional needs of the elderly (6mks)
  - They need meals containing less energy foods because of their decreased activity and more building and protective foods for good health
  - Food should contain enough protein to repair worn out tissues
  - Their food should be rich in calcium and vitamin D to strengthen their softening bones
  - Foods should be light and easy to digest as they have decreased rate of absorption
  - Foods should be easy to chew as they have lost some teeth thus hindering eating
    (any 3 x 2 well explained points (6mks)
4. Describing three factors to consider when choosing a seam in garment construction (6mks)
  - Type of garment. Outer garments do not require the same type of seam as inner garments. E.g. for a pant a machine fell seam could be chosen because it is flat and comfortable
  - Type of fabric – fraying fabrics require a seam whose raw edges are concealed and do not show on the R.S to prevent fraying
  - Style of garment – style influences seam to use, to emphasis a style feature one can choose a seam that can be top stitched.
  - Effect desired – for a decorative effect one can choose a conspious seam which can be seen on the R.S
  - Position of the seam – some seams are more suitable on certain positions of garments than others. e.g. a plain and double stitched seam is appropriate for armholes. Any 3 x 2 well explained (6mks)
1. Explaining three factors you would consider when choosing flowers for a flower arrangement (6mks)
  - Condition of the flowers – ensure that they are freshly cut
  - Life span of the flowers – choose flowers that will last as long as required. Some flower arrangements are required for one days function while others are expected to last for a week or even longer
  - Avoid using too many flowers in full bloom as they wither quickly. Arrange some buds so that they open out after some time especially in arrangements meant to last a long time
  - Avoid strong scented flowers especially in public places because some may be allergic
  - Any 3 well explained 3 x 2 (6mks)
2. Outlining four practices to safeguard against occurrence of food spoilage and poisoning (4mks)
  - Do not buy canned foods that have expired
  - Buy fruits in season to ensure freshness
  - Buy foods from clean markets and vendors
  - Store food properly, under the right conditions to avoid spoilage
  - Food storage facilities should provide adequate space with appropriate protection against dust, insects and rodents
  - Do not store poisons and toxic chemicals near foods
  - Place refuse in appropriate and sealed containers away from food area
  - Foods to be eaten raw e.g. fruits and vegetables should be washed thoroughly under clean running water before serving
  - Frozen foods should be thawed completely before cooking
  - Cool left avers completely and store under low temperatures Any 4 x 1 (4mks)
3. Describing 4 qualities of well made gathers (4mks)
  - Should be worked along the weft threads so that they drape well
  - Gathers should be evenly distributed to give the effect of nice gathers, neither too few nor too many gather at one point
  - No pleats should be seen between the gathers for neatness
  - Seams should be neat and well neatened for strength. Any 4 x 1 (4mks)
4. 1. Interpreting the following care label symbols (3mks)
    - Do not tumble dry
    - Hand wash with temperature
    - Dry clean with agent type A
      3 x1 = 3mks
  2. Explaining 3 things to show the importance of advertisements to consumers (3mks)
    - Informs the consumer on availability of goods or services and how to access them
    - It is a quick and effective way of passing information about a new product
    - Provides information on varieties available for a specific product
    - Good advertisement provides additional information about a product e.g. the nutritive value of foods or characteristics of a textile fabric Any 3 x 1 = 3mks