HISTORY PAPER 1 Marking Scheme - 2019 KCSE Prediction Answers Set 1

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SECTION A (25 MARKS)

  1. Name the branch of history that deals with traditions, values and cultural practices of people.   1mk
    • Social history
  2. Name the only southern Cushites group remaining in Kenya.    1mk
    • Dahallo/senge
  3. Give two age sets among the Nandi in the pre-colonial period.      2mks
    • Maina
    • Sawe
    • Chuma
    • Korongoro
    • Kipkoimet
    • Kiplelach
    • Kipnyige
    • Nyongi
  4. Apart from Vasco de gamma, name two other Portuguese generals who conquered the East African Coast. 2mks
    • Tristao da cunha
    • Ruy Laurence Ravasco
    • Francisco d’ Almeida
    • Padro Alveres Cabral.
  5. State the main way through which one qualifies to be a Kenyan citizen by their birth.
    • If on the day of birth either the mother or the father of the person was or is a citizen.
  6. Give one economic factor that promotes national unity in Kenya.     1mk
    • Equitable distribution of resources
    • Commercial interaction/ trade
    • Equal employment opportunities
    • Use of common currency
  7. State two functions of a constitution.   2mks
    • Provides legal ground from which the laws of a country are made
    • Spells out the powers of the government and its relationship to the governed.
    • It spells out the rights and duties of all citizens.
  8. What is direct or pure democracy?   1mk
    • People are involved directly in laws making
  9. Apart from the Nandi, which other two communities resisted British invasion in Kenya. 2mks
    • Agiriama
    • Bukusu
    • Somali
  10. Who introduced settler farming in Kenya.   1mk
    • Lord Delamere
  11. Name two nationalists outside central Kenya who were detained at Kapenguria in 1952. 2mks
    • Paul Ngei
    • Achieng Oneko
  12. Give the main political challenge that faced Mzee Jomo Kenyatta immediately after independence.   1mk
    • Split within K.A.N.U. i.e. disagreed with Jaramogi Oginga Odinga
    • Achieng Oneko and Bildada Kagia who broke from KANU and formed Kenya peoples union in 1966.
  13. State two electoral offences that are applicable to a voter.    2mks
    • Voting more than once
    • Ceasing violence during campaigns
    • Double registration as a votes
  14. Mention the document in which African socialism as a national philosophy was expounded.     1mk
    • Sessional paper number 10 of 1965
  15. State two ways through which the government has encouraged the preservation of African culture since independence.   2mks
    • Creation of the ministry of culture and social services
    • The syllabus has been tailored to include cultural studies.
    • The government has encouraged music/drama festivals
    • Development of cultural heritage center at the bomas of Kenya by the government.
    • Allowing the media houses to play traditional music.
  16. Name two members of the county executive committee.   2mks
    • County Governor
    • Deputy County Governor
    • Members appointed by the county governor with approval of the assembly who are not members of the assembly.
  17. Give the main function of the commission on revenue allocation in Kenya.  1mk
    • To ensure equitable sharing of revenue between national and county government.

SECTION B(45 MARKS)

Answer three questions only from this section.

  1.  
    1. State five results of the settlement of Luo during pre-colonial period.    5mks
      • Displacement of the bantu speakers
      • Absorption of some Bantus e.g. abasuba.
      • Increase in population
      • Intermarriages
      • Increased trade
      • Adoption of agriculture and iron work
      • Increased conflicts
      • Cultural exchange of initiation rites
      • Development of language(borrowing of new words)
      • Increased borrowing of political leadership e.g. chieftainship          5x1=5mks
    2.   Describe the social organization of the Maasai in the 19th     10mks
      • The Maasai were divided into clans with each clan associated with a type of cattle
      • Maasai boys and girls were initiated at puberty through circumcision
      • All boys initiated together formed the warrior class called Morans
      • They believed in a supernatural being referred to as Enkai/Engai
      • They had religious leaders the chief among them being the Oloibon.
      • They had rainmakers and diviners
      • They had social ceremonies that accompanied the rites of passage.
      • They Eunoto ceremony marked the graduation of junior elders.        5x2=10mks
    1. State five reasons why the Portuguese built Fort Jesus in 1593.                        5mks
      • Hiding place/protection
      • To act as a watch tower
      • Store for food
      • Used as an armoury
      • Prison for war captives
      • Acted as administrative centre
      • Acted as a base for sending expeditions against opponents 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five results of the coming of Christian missionaries to Kenya.             10mks
      • They converted Africans to Christians
      • They built schools where Africans were taught how to read and write.
      • They built hospitals which helped to improve the health standards of the people
      • Introduced new cops and new farming methods.
      • Introduced new vocational skills e.g. carpentry and masonry.
      • Translated the Bible into local languages
      • Drew the map of the interior of the great lake region which inspired many explorers to come to Africa/ opened the interior of Kenya.
      • Undermined authority of African leaders
      • They wrote the first Kiswahili dictionary and grammar book
      • Established settlement for freed slaves
      • Helped to improve transport system-connection routes.   5x2=10mks
  2.  
    1. State three roles of Mekatilili wa Menza in the Agiriama resistance against the British.  3mks
      • She encouraged the Agiriama to face the British by administering oaths.
      • She presented the grievances of the Agiriama to the British.
      • She rallied the people together against a common enemy.
      • Her leadership enlightened the roles of women in the struggle for independence.      3x1=3mks
    2. Explain six effects of the Wanga collaboration against invasion in western Kenya. 12mks
      • Wanga kingdom expanded, she gained more kingdoms e.g. Samia, Bunyala etc
      • Mumia was declared a paramount in western Kenya.
      • Mumias headquarters Elureko became the seat of British administration in western Kenya.
      • Mumias warriors became agents of British colonization. They subdued other resisting communities e.g. the Luo of Ugenya and the Nandi.
      • Mumias princes became agents of British colonization his half brother Mulunga was appointed chief of Isukha and Idakho.
      • Mumia and his people gained material benefits of western education and religion.
      • Nabongo became an important ally of the British. He provided them with vital information ever appointment of chiefs.
      • Due to the Wanga collaboration there was intensified enemity and hospitality from other abaluty sections who viewed the Wanga as traitors. 6x2=12mks


  3.  
    1. State five factors that prompted the colonial government to construct the Kenya –Uganda railway.     5mks
      • To establish effective control over British East Africa
      • To facilitate economic exploitation of the region.
      • To facilitate movement of troops and British administrators.
      • To stop slave trade and establish legitimate trade
      • To link Uganda with the Coast and outside world for greater economic growth. 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five factors that intensified African Nationalism in Kenya after 1945.             10mks
      • Acquisition of education by the African enabled them to articulate their grievances
      • World war II –the ex soldiers made Africans to doubt the myth of  British supremacy
      • Granting of independence to India and Pakistan in 1947 made Africans in Kenya to clamor for their independence.
      • Rise of Pan-Africanism contributed to new demands for political independence.
      • Emergence of USA and USSR as super powers the two compiled the Britain to give independence to African countries.
      • The signing of the Atlantic charter in 1941 stated that all subjects should enjoy the right to self determination.
      • Formation of united nations-asked Europeans to decolonize.
      • Change of government in Britain from conservative to labour. The labour government was willing to grant independence to African nations. 5x2=10mks

SECTION C (30MKS)

Answer two questions only from this section.

  1.  
    1. Give three ways in which education promotes national unity in Kenya.        3mks
      • Same curriculum is offered in the whole country
      • In national schools, students from various parts of the country school together.
      • Teachers and equipments are provided by the same government.
      • Participation in games and sports by students from all over the country. 3x1=3mks
    2. Explain six factors that undermine National unity in Kenya.  12mks
      • Tribalism
      • Nepotism
      • Political wrangles
      • Party membership
      • Corruption
      • Racism
      • Religious conflicts
      • Poverty
      • Ignorance
      • Unequal distribution of resources. 6x2=12mks
  2.  
    1. State five characteristics of a good constitution     5mks
      • Definite –Must define its contents clearly
      • Comprehensive – Should be inclusive of all issues
      • Durable and elastic- Neither two rigid to amend/change to flexible to encourage interference.
      • Should be able to protect the fundamental rights and freedom of the citizens.
      • Amendment procedures should be clearly stated.
      • It must be representative of the diversity of social and political spectrum of the people. 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five reasons why human rights are important in Kenya.    10mks
      • Human rights are necessary for human beings to achieve a dignified life.
      • Rights are inherent to human beings. One has rights purely because they are human.
      • Rights e.g. rights to vote, information and expression ensure public access to necessary information.
      • Rights empower citizens by giving them central on decision making organs of the government.
      • They justify special treatment of the minorities and other disadvantaged groups.
      • Provide guidance to organs of the state regarding exercise of state power.
      • Respect for rights limits internal and external conflicts. 5x2=10mks
  3.  
    1. State three ways in which the High court supervises the work of the subordinate courts.3mks
      • Judges of the High court scrutinizes the monthly returns of cases in subordinate courts.
      • Ensures justice is done through appeals, revision or confirmation of sentences/authority to call for records.
      • It transfers or relocates sentences
      • Supervises criminal and civil proceedings before subordinate court. 3x1=3mks
    2. Explain six functions of the cabinet in Kenya.     12mks
      • Assists the president in governing the country
      • Discusses matters of national and international concerns with the president
      • The cabinet formulates government policies and programmes
      • Cabinet initiates new bills and tables government bills in parliament.
      • A cabinet secretary for finance formulates and prepares national budget which he/she presents to the National Assembly.
      • Cabinet secretaries on their individual capacity give direction to operations within their ministries. 6x2=12mks

 

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