AGRICULTURE PAPER 2 Marking Scheme - 2017 MURANG'A MOCK EXAMINATION

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SECTION A (30 MARKS)

  1. Caecum                                           (1x1=1mk)     
  2.  
    • Quality of concentrate
    • Availability of concentrate
    • Level of production of the animal
    • Cost of concentration
    • Physiological status of the animal/animal in calf        (3x ½ =1 ½ mks)
  1.  
    • Irritation
    • Damage wool (due to scratching/bites)
    • Retard growth
    • Anemic condition
    • Bites injuring skin                   (2x ½  = 1mk)
  1.  
    • Spray rate
    • Fences
    • Crush
    • Plunge dip    (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
  1.         Tryponosomiasis       (1x1=1mk)     
  2.  
    • Replace worn out polythene sheet
    • Clean dirty polythene sheets
    • Tighten loose nuts and bolts
    • Replace lost nuts and bolts            (2x ½  = 1mk)
  1.  
    1. Ability of the mother to take care of its offspring until weaning          (2x ½  = 1mk)
    2. Ability of the female animal to give birth to many offspring at the same time/large litter size                            (1x1  = 1mk)
  1.  
    • Poor nutrition
    • Poor timing of service
    • Infertility                     (2x ½  = 1mk)
  1.  
    • Prevents animal injuring others
    • Makes animal docile/easy to handle
    • Creates more space for feeding/other animals
    • Prevents destruction of farm structure by animals.                (Any 3x ½ = 1 ½ mks)
  1.  
    • Source of income to farmer
    • Creates employment to Kenyans
    • Source of fish for food (closer to people)
    • Source of animal feed materials /feed stuffs.             (4 x ½ = 2mks)
  1.  
    • Stage of lactation
    • Animal’s age
    • Breed
    • Nutrition / feed quality given to animals
    • Physiological condition of animal
    • Completeness of working
    • Animal’s health /having mastitis
    • Season of the year                                           (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
  1.  
    • Uniformly spreads manure /dropping in the field/pasture
    • Requires less feeding by farmer
    • Reduces parasites/disease build up
    • Relatively cheap/ requires less capital to have            (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
  1.  
    • Solar trapping devices are expensive
    • Power supply/trapping fluctuates depending on weather conditions
    • Solar trapping is limited to day light
    • Requires labour to handle the device              (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
  1.  
    1. Cut/chop fodder/Napier grass into small pieces for feeding animals      (1x1=1mk)
    2. Cut thin sheets of metal               (1x1=1mk)
  1.  
    1. Buck/ billy             (1x1=1mk)
    2. Kindling                (1x1=1mk)
    3. Bullock                  (1x1=1mk)
  1.  
    • For safety of the user
    • Ensure efficiency of operation
    • To last long/ensure  durability
    • Reduce /avoid cost of repair of replacement
    • Avoid damage to the harrow              (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
  1.  
    • Presence of broken/soft shelled eggs
    • Bright light in laying nests allowing birds to see the eggs.
    • Idleness in the poultry house
    • Inadequate laying nests forcing some birds to lay eggs in the open
    • Lack of mineral salts like calcium in diet
    • Irregular egg collection                                               (Any 4x ½ =2mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)

  1.  
    1. Controls animal movement (during agricultural shows exhibitions )       (1x1 = 1mk)
    2.  
      • Bull ring and head stick             (1x1 = 1mk)
      • Rope                                        (2x1 = 2mks)
    3.   
      • Clean after use to remove dirt
      • Apply oil to prevent rusting                    (Any 4x ½ =2mks)
  2.  
    1. Calf pen                 (1x1=1mk)
    2.  
      • For proper drainage of urine/dung/allow urine and dung to pass through preventing     dampness.
      • Help keep the floor dry by aeration preventing dampness.    (2x1 = 2mks)
    3.  
      • Sited near milking shed ( to save time and labour in transporting milk/for milk to be still warm when serving cow)
      • Sited on a gentle slope/well drained site
      • Sited in service site
      • Sited in a well sheltered site against winds
      • Sited in an accessible site                                (2x1 = 2mks)
  3.  
    1.  
      1. 2.5 kg + (0.25 x 10)kg  = 2.5 + 2.5
                                           =          5.0kg
      2. Production ratio                 (1x1 =1mk)
    2.  
      1. Crushed maize is more digestible  than whole maize ( Any other relevant example for explanation)             (1x1=1mk)
      2. The higher the ratio the lower the digestibility.    (1x1=1mk)
  1.  
    1. Power transmission system                       (1x1=1mk)
    2. C – gear box
      D- clutch pedal
    3.  
      • Transmit power to raw wheels
      • Change direction of drive
      • Enable one of the wheel to move faster than the other when negotiating a corner
      • Allows for speed reduction mechanism/moderation of speed as opposed to engine speed.

SECTION C (40 MARKS)

  1.  
    1.  
      • Claw hammer to drive in nails/fencing staples into wooden posts
      • Hand saw to cut posts/ brale posts to required size
      • Wood chisel to bore holes and slots on wooden posts
      • Pliers to cut wires where necessary
      • Drill/ anger bit to bore holes in wooded posts
      • Soil anger to dig holes on ground for fixing posts
      • Claw bar to remove nails/staples (All dig holes)
      • Mallet to hit chisel when making holes/grooves
      • Wire strainer to tighten the fence wires
      • Tepemeasure to measure distances
      • Ramming rods  to ram the posts
      • Panga to cut pegs for marking points for posts fixing
      • Axe to slot posts where necessary                  (Any 10 x 1 = 10mks)
        (Award the 1mk as whole if the tool use is stated)
    2.  
      • Proper harnessing
      • Proper feeding
      • Maintain proper health of animals
      • Proper training
      • Proper loading             (5x1 = 5mks)
    3.  
      • Rough coat
      • Anemic condition
      • Pot bellied condition
      • Edematous swelling under jaw
      • Parasite segments presence in fareles
      • Excessive appetite
      • Blockage of intestines lumen by parasites
      • Diarrhea
      • Constipation                      (Any 5x1 = 5mks)
  1.  
    1.  
      1. Bacteria/ Bacillus anthracis             (1x1 = 1mk)
      2.  
        • Animal feeding on infected pastures/feeds /borne meal
        • Bites by insects
        • Bacterial entering through open wounds        (Any 2x1=2mks)
      3.  
        • Lack rigor mortis
        • Stomach swells/bloats
        • Blood does not clot quickly
        • Dark red blood oozes out through the natural openings         (4x1=4mks0
      4.  
        • Prompt treatment of wounds which can there as entry route for the baltena
        • Impose quarantine incase of outbreak to prevent spread
        • Regular vaccination of animals with appropriate vaccine
        • Deep burying/burning of anthrax carcass/dispose of property      (Any 3x1=3mks)
    2.  
      • Wedge shaped
      • Straight top line
      • Well set apart hind quarters to allow room for the big udder
      • Large, well developed udder/large teats that are well shaped
      • Prominent milk veins
      • Lean bodies/ bodies that carry little flest/visible pin bone
      • Large stomach capacity                      (Any 5x1 = 5mks)      
    3.  
      • Egg turning after every 6-8 hours each day around 1800 (but not done in the first 24 hours and last 3 days)
      • Remove broken eggs
      • Maintain temperature at the appropriate age always
      • Add water if necessary to maintain the appropriate relative humidity always
      • Remove infertile eggs on 5th day              (5x1 = 5mks)
  1.  
    1.  
      • Easy to keep the egg production record of individual bird
      • Controls cannibalism and egg eating
      • No contamination of feed and water
      • Eggs collected owe clean since birds do not step on them
      • Allows for high stocking rate/ many birds kept in a small areas
      • Egg losses minimized
      • High egg production because there is less energy wastage by bird
      • Eliminates /discourages broodiness since birds do not reach the egg
      • Birds more secure from predators
    2.  
      • Ensure piglets are breathing properly by removing mucus from mouth and nostrils by use   of clean cloth
      • Ensure piglets are safe by moving them away from sow as each is born
      • Tie, cut and disinfect navel cords piglets
      • Weigh each piglet and record birth weight
      • Remove and dispose the after-birth and any still born
      • Make sure they are kept warm
      •  Take the piglets to sow for sucking after they gain enough strength.                (Any 5x1 = 5mks)
    3.  
      1. A state in which all the body organs and systems are normal and functioning  normally.
      2.  
        • Proper housing/hygiene – avoid exposure of animals to predisposing factors like cold/dampness
        • Isolation – prevents spread of disease to healthy ones
        • Quarantine – prevents spread of disease to health ones.
        • Vector / parasite  control – prevents transmission of diseases from the infected to healthy ones
        • Prompt and proper treatment of the skin – vestures health/prevents disease spread to health ones.
        • Regular vaccination – provides immunity against new infections.
        • Use of properly  lactic drugs – prevents infection
        • Killing of sick animals – prevents further spread of disease to healthy ones
        • Use of antiseptics /disinfectants – kill disease causing organisms      (Any 8x1 = 8mks)
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