SECTION A- 25 MARKS
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION
- Give Two electronic sources of information in the study of history and government (2mks)
- Give two economic reasons for the migration of luo into Kenya by the 19th(2mks)
- Identify the center of power in decentralized government of pre-colonial Kenyan societies (1mk)
- Apart from the Mijikenda,name Two coastal Bantu communities (2mks)
- Identify the Main political contribution of Christian missionaries in colonial Kenya (1mk)
- Give aReason why mob justice is forbidden in Kenya (1mk)
- Identify two circumstances under which a person’s right to own property may be denied (2mks)
- Give two trade item from the interior during long distance trade in Kenya in the 16th Century (2mks)
- State the Nandi leader who resisted British rule in Kenya (1mk)
- Name the type of constitution used in Kenya (1mk)
- State the main duty of the Governor during the British colonial rule in Kenya (1mk)
- Identify two Kenyan communities who gave mixed reactions to colonial rule (2mks)
- Give two reasons why corruption is discouraged in Kenya (2mks)
- Define the term “Devolution” (1mk)
- State the education commission in Kenya which recommended the 8-4-4 system of education (1mk)
- Name the ex-official member of the senate (1mk)
- Identify two pillars of Nyayoism (2mks)
SECTION B - (45 MARKS)
ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTION FROM THIS SECTION
-
- Identify three Cushitic communities in Kenya (3mks)
- Explain six resultsof the Cushiticmigration into Kenya (12mks)
-
- Identify five features of the coastal city states during the pre-colonial period (3mks)
- Explain fiveconsequences of the Indian Ocean trade to the people of east Africa (10mks)
-
- Identify five terms of Devonshire white paper of 1923 (5mks)
- Explain five ways in which the colonial landpolicies inKenya undermined African farming (10mks)
-
- Outline five problems that faced early political organizations in Kenya up to 1939. (5mks)
- Explain the role of women in the struggle for independence in Kenya (10mks)
SECTION C - 30 MARKS
ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION
-
- Identify five elements of good citizenship in Kenya (5mks)
- Explain five reasons why human rights are important in Kenya (10mks)
-
- Give three non- military functions of the Kenya army (3mks)
- Explain six factionscorrectional institutions in Kenya (12mks)
-
- Identify three funds where revenue collected by the government is deposited (3mks)
- Explain six measures put in place to control utilization of public funds by the national government in Kenya (12mks)
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A- 25 MARKS
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION
- Give Two electronic sources of information in the study of history and government (2mks)
- Television
- Videos
- Databanks /Databases /Computers
- Films
- Radios
- Give two economic reasons for the migration of luo into Kenya by the 19th (2 mks)
They were looking for pasture and water for their livestock
They were looking for food due to outbreak of drought in their cradleland
They were searching for fishing ground - Identify the center of power in decentralisedgovernment of pre-colonial Kenyan societies (1mks)
Clan/Council of elders. - Apart from the Mijikenda,name two coastal Bantu communities (2mks)
Taita
Pokomo 2x1=2mks - Identify the main political contribution of Christian missionaries in colonial Kenya (1mks)
Represantation of the Africans in the legco 1x1=1mks - Give areason why mob justice is forbidden in Kenya (1mks)
A person is considered innocent until proven guilty by a court of law 1x1=1mks - Identify two circumstances under which a person’s right to own property may be denied (2mks)
If the property was acquired through fraud
The property may be auctioned through a court of order
If the government intends to use it for public utility 2x1=2mks - Give two trade item from the interior during long distance trade in Kenya in the 16th Century (2mks)
Ivory
Slaves
Hides and Skins
Ostrich feathers
Gold 2x1=2mks - State the Nandi leader who resisted British rule in Kenya (1mk)
Koitalel arap samoei1x1=1MK - Name the type of constitution used in Kenya 1mk
Written 1x1=1mk - State the main duty of the Governor during the British colonial rule in Kenya (1mk)
To facilitate effective administration of the colony
1x1=1mk - Identify two Kenyan communities who gave mixed reactions to colonial rule (2mks)
Luo
Akamba
Agikuyu 2x1=2mks - Give two reasons why corruption is discouraged in Kenya (2mks)
To promote economic development
To promote peace and stability
To promote national unity
To provide fair distribution of national resources
To gain international confidence
To promote patriotism
To promote integrity 2x1=2mks - Define the term “Devolution” (1mk)
This is a delegation of certain function and powers of national government to the county government - State the education commission in Kenya which recommended the 8-4-4 system of education
Mackay commission - Name the ex-official member of the senate (1mk)
Speaker - Identify two pillars of Nyayoism
Peace
Love
Unity (2x1=2) -
- Identify threeCushitic communites in Kenya (3mks)
Dahallo /Sanye
Galla
Borana
Rendille
Burji
3x1 = 3 mks - Explain six results of the Cushitic migration into Kenya (12mks)
They intermarried with the people they came into contact with.
There were increased inter-community conflicts with neighbouring communities
There was displacement of the people in the area they settled.
Some communities which they came into contact with were assimilated.
There was cultural exchange with neighboring communities .
There was population increase in the area they settled.
There was expansion of the trade with their neighbours. 5x2 = (12maks)
- Identify threeCushitic communites in Kenya (3mks)
-
- Identify five features of the coastal city states during the colonial period (3mks)
Kiswahili was the main language of communication
Islam was the main religion
They were governed by the Muslim Sharia law
Trade was the main economic activity
architecture was mainly Arabic
The way of dressing was influenced by Arabic way of dressing e.g.Buibui.
5x1 = 5mks - Explain five consequences of the Indian ocean trade to the people of east Africa (10mks)
Many people at the coast were converted to Islam
New crops were introduced into the interior
There was introduction of Swahili culture in interior
There was development of trading centers in the interior of Kenya.
There was increased supply of new trade goods.
It led to increased slave trade
There was decline of traditional industries.
5x2= 10mks
- Identify five features of the coastal city states during the colonial period (3mks)
-
- Identify five terms of devonshire white paper of 1923 (5mks)
The white highlands were reserved exclusively for the settlers.
Asians were allowed to elect five representatives to the Legco on a communal roll
Restriction on asian immigration was lifted and racial segregation in all residential areas was abolished.
The interest of Africans were declared paramount to those of the migrant races
A missionary was to be nominated to the Legco to represent African interests
The demand by settlers for self government was rejected.
The settlers were to maintain their representation in the Legco.
5x1 = 5mks - Explain five ways in which the colonial land policies in Kenya undermined African farming(10mks)
It led to loss of land , affecting African farming practices.
African were restricted to the reserves which were overcrowded and infertile leading to poor farming.
Africans were made squatters in European lands and could not own land.
Africans were denied right to grow cash crops
The best African land was alienated for settler farming
Land alienation interfered with African economic activities such as patrolism
African had no access to modern farming methods e.g. like of fertilizers
5x2=10mks)
- Identify five terms of devonshire white paper of 1923 (5mks)
-
- Outline five problems that faced early political organizations in Kenya up to 1939. (5mks)
They were ethnic based hence ineffective .
There was arrest and detention of their leaders
They lacked funds to promote their activities
Their Leaders lacked managerial skills to run the parties.
They were denied freedom of association by the colonial government.
There were constant wrangling among the leaders.
They were denied access to media by the colonial government
5x1 = (5mks) - Explain the role of women in the struggle for independence in Kenya (10mks)
They raised funds to support political activities
They provided moral support to the freedom fighters.
They demanded for the release of detained freed fighters
They took part in armed struggle and some were even leaders e.g. field Marshal Muthoni.
They supplied food and ammunition to the freedom fighters
they acted as spies for the freedom fighters .
They took part in oathing ceremonies
They kept their homes intact as the men continued with the struggle.
They endured pain and suffering inflicted by the colonial government for the sake of liberation.
Any 5x2 = 10mks
- Outline five problems that faced early political organizations in Kenya up to 1939. (5mks)
-
- Identify five elements of good citizenship in Kenya (5mks)
Respect for other people’s property
Obedience to the laws of the country .
Participation in development projects
Participation in democratic /electoral process
being loyal/patriotic to one’s country
Practicing integrity when performing duties
Reporting law breakers to the authorities.
Efficient use of national resources.
5x1 = 5 mks - Explain five reasons why human rights are important in Kenya (5mks)
Human rights are necessary for human beings to achieve a dignified life
Human rights are inherent to human beings i.e. one has right because they are human .
Human rights ensure public access to necessary information e.g. right to vote, right of expression.
Rights empower citizens by giving them an opportunity to participate in decision making of the government.
They justify special treatment of the minorities and other disadvantaged groups.
They provided guidance to organs of the state regarding exercise of state power .
Respect for right s limits internal and external conflicts.
5x2= 10mks
- Identify five elements of good citizenship in Kenya (5mks)
-
- Give three non- military functions of the Kenya army (3mks)
Roads construction
Extinguishing uncontrollable fires
Evacuation of civilian population during natural calamities such as floods.
Control of locust
Entertaining the public during national holidays
3x1= 3mks - Explain six fuctions correctional institutions in Kenya (12mks)
Convine prisoners convicted by law courts
Keep watch over the behaviour of suspected criminals whose cases are still pending in court.
They execute the decisions of the court
They rehabilitate prisoners through counseling.
They offer prisoners vocational training to make them productive.
They take care of the welfare of the prisoners
They help confine suspected dissidents who are a threat to state security.
6x2 = 12 mks)
- Give three non- military functions of the Kenya army (3mks)
-
- Identify three funds where revenue collected by the government is deposited
Consolidated fund
equalization fund
Contingencies fund
Revenue fund
3x1 = (3mks) - Explain six measures put in place to control utilization of public funds by the national government in Kenya (12 mks)
Parliament serves as the watch dog /approves the budget
Controller of the budget oversees the implementation of the budget
Kenya ethics and anti corruption commission investigate corruption cases
The principalsecretary are accountable to national assemble for financial management in their respective ministries.
The auditor general audits the account of all government and state organs.
Procurement and disposal of public goods and services is done in a transparent manner.
Parliament passes legislation prescribing the terms in which the government may borrow funds.
6x2 = 12 mks
- Identify three funds where revenue collected by the government is deposited
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