HISTORY PAPER 2 - KCSE 2019 ALLIANCE MOCK EXAMINATION

SECTION A (25MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section

1. Identify one limitation that hinders use of electronic sources to get historical data.            (1mark)
2. Give two major cultural developments by man towards the end of new Stone Age.            (2marks)
3. State two remedies to perennial food shortages in Africa.             (2marks)
4. What was the main commodity during the Trans-Atlantic trade?             (1mark)
5. State two advantages of using aeroplanes over the ship as a means of transport.             (2marks)
6. Identify one form of picture writing during the early civilization.             (1mark)
7. State two uses of water as an early source of energy in industries.             (2marks)
8. Identify two challenges faced by Athens as a ancient urban centre.                         (2marks)
9. State one way through which trade contributed to the rise of Asante Empire during the 19^th (1mark)

10. Identify one way through which Europeans maintained peace among themselves during partition of African.    (1mark)
11. State two factors that facilitated application of indirect rule in the Northern Nigeria.             (2marks)
12. State one reason why USA did not join the First World War until 1917.             (1 mark)
13. Identify two demands made by Austria- Hungary against Serbia following the assassination of arch Duke Ferdinand.  (2 marks)
14. Give one countries in which cold war broke into real war.             (1 mark)
15. Name the principal judicial organ of the United Nations Organization.                         (1 mark)
16. State two provisions contained in the Arusha declaration document adopted by Tanzania in 1967.    (2 marks)
17. Identify the highest organ of the new East African Community.                         (1 mark

SECTION B (45MARKS)
Answer any three questions in this section

18.  
    1. State five uses of the Acheulian tools.    (5marks)
    2. Describe the cultural and Economic practices of the early man during the Middle Stone Age Period.   (10marks)

19.  
    1. Give five methods used to acquire slaves from West Africa during the Trans-Atlantic trade.(5marks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade.                                 (10marks)

20.  
    1. Give 3 causes of army mutiny in Democratic Republic of Congo in 1960.             (3marks)
    2. Explain political development in Tanzania since independence.                                            (12marks)

21.  
    1. State five ways used by nationalists in Ghana to fight for independence.                            (5marks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to development of African nationalism in Ghana.                    (10marks)

SECTION C (30MARKS)
Answer any two questions in this section

22.  
    1. State three reasons for the failure of Schlieffen plan during First World War.             (3marks)
    2. Explain six reasons for the Allies Victory during Second World War.      (12marks)

23.  
    1. State three conditions that gave rise to the Non-Aligned movement.             (3 marks)
    2. Explain six challenges of the Non-Aligned movement.  (12marks)

24.  
    1. Identify the groups of people who cannot vie for elections in Britain             (3marks)
    2. How is the executive in the USA checked by other organs of government   (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25 MARKS)

Answer ALL the questions in this section

1. Identify one limitation that hinder use of electronic sources to get historical data.
   • Cannot be used in areas with electricity.
   • They are expensive to obtain and use
   • Some require experts.             (1x1 = 1 mk)         

2. Give two major cultural developments by man towards the end of new Stone Age.
   Government. 
   religion

3. State two remedies to perennial food shortages in Africa. Land reclamation.
   • Agricultural policies.
   • Provision of extension services.
   • Family land use.
   • Research and development.
   • Infrastructural development.
   • Reforestation programmes.
   • Environmental conservation measures.             (2x1 = 2mks)          

4. What was the main commodity during the Trans-Atlantic trade?
   Slaves       

5. State two advantages of using aeroplanes over the ship as a means of transport.
   Aeroplane is a faster means of transport.
   Aeroplane can access remote regions of the world. (2x1= 2mks)               
6. Identify one form of picture writing during the early civilization.
   Cuneiform      (1x1=1mk)   
   Hieroglyphics       

7. State two uses of water as an early source of energy in industries.
   • Cooling machines.
   • Mixing chemicals.
   • to turn spinning machines in texture industries.
   • Grinding grains into flour                                                            (2x1=2mks)                

8. Identify two challenges faced by Athens as a ancient urban centre.
   • Water / food shortage.
   • Congestion – people / overcrowding.
   • Attacked by Sparta.
   • Outbreak of plague / diseases.
   • Conquered by Macedonians                                                            (2x1=2mks)    

9. State one way through which trade contributed to the rise of Asante Empire during the 19^th
   Were able to acquire weapons.                                                                  (1x1=1mk)

10. Identify one way through which Europeans maintained peace among themselves during partition of African.
    • Calling Berlin conference
    • Signing treaties among themselves                                                 (1x1=1mk)                                                                                                                        

11. State two factors that facilitated application of indirect rule in the Northern Nigeria.
    • linguistic unity
    • Existence of centralized administration.
    • Taxation system.                                                                                (2x1=2mks) 

12. State one reason why USA did not join the First World War until 1917.
    • The war had not interfered with her interests until then.
    • She was a trading partner with majority of the European countries.
    • There were people of German origin in USA. She was therefore afraid that the war could be fought on her soil.
    • The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 of non-involvement with European affairs.                   (1x1=1mk)                                 

13. Identify two demands made by Austria- Hungary against Serbia following the assassination of arch Duke Ferdinand.
    • Anti-Austria Hungary activities in Serbia be suppressed
    • Dismissal of all government officials opposed by Austria-Hungary. (2x1=2mks)

14. Give one countries in which cold war broke into real war.
    • Vietnam
    • Korea
    • Angola                                                                                                           (1x1=1mk)

15. Name the principal judicial organ of the United Nations Organization.
    International court of justice.                                                                         (1x1=1mks)    

16. State two provisions contained in the Arusha declaration document adopted by Tanzania in 1967.
    • Emphasized self reliance
    • Creation of ujamaa (socialism)
    • Avoidance of discrimination of all forms based on class, wealth status, sex and religion.
    • Nationalization – putting the control of production in the hands of the indigenous people.    
              (2 x 1 = 2 mks)

17. Identify the highest organ of the new East African Community.
    The Assembly                         (1 x 1 = 1 mk)

Section B (45 Marks)

18.  
    1. State five uses of the Acheulian tools
       1. Used for skinning
       2. Used for cutting
       3. Used for sharpening bone and wood
       4. Used for digging
       5. Scrapping
          (5x1=5mks)                                                          
    2. Describe the cultural and Economic practices of the early man during the Middle Stone Age Period
       1. His occupation was hunting, gathering and fishing.
       2. He improved his tools.
       3. Lived settled life in rocks and caves.
       4. wore animal skins as clothes.
       5. made shells and necklaces and painted his body with red ochre and oil.
       6. Developed simple language for communication and religious beliefs .                       (5x2=10mks)

19.  
    1. Give five methods used to acquire slaves from West Africa during the Trans-Atlantic trade.
       1. Slaves were exchanged for European manufactured goods.
       2. Prisoners of war who had been captured during local wars were sold to slave dealers.
       3. Slave traders kidnapped lonely travellers.
       4. Some local rulers sold their own subjects to the slave dealers.
       5. Slaves were obtained through raids.
       6. Some people were enticed and eventually sold into slavery.
       7. Debtors were sold to slave traders / panyering. (5 x 1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade.        
       1. The industrial revolution in Britain led to replacement of human labour with machines which were more efficient.
       2. The leading economists were against free labour and argued that free labour was more productive than slave labour.
       3. Philanthropists / Christian missionaries strongly campaigned against slave trade leaving Britain with no colonies where she would take slaves to work.
       4. The development of legitimate trade which subsequently replaced slave labour.
       5. Britain abolished slave trade and influenced other European nations to stop the practice by signing anti-slave trade treaties.
       6. The French Revolution of 1789 impacted negatively on slave trade as ideas of liberty and equality of all people were spread.
          (5x2=10mks)              
20.  
    1. Give 3 causes of army mutiny in Democratic Republic of Congo in 1960.
       1. An end to the domination of the army and government by senior Belgian officers at the expense of this Congolese.
       2. Replacement of the Belgium officers with the Congolese.
       3. An end to discrimination in job allocation outgrading, especially in the army.
          (3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain six political development in Tanzania since independence.                                                 
       1. In 1964, there was merger of Tanganyika and Zanzibar to form the United Republic of Tanzania.
       2. In 1977, Nyerere made Tanzania one party state through the merger of Tanganyika African Union (TANU) and Afro Shirazi party (ASP).
       3. In 1967, the Arusha declaration introduced the socialist (Ujamaa) political ideology.
       4. In 1967, Tanzania became of the East African Community with Julius Nyerere as its Chairman.
       5. Tanzania was the headquarter of OAU Liberation Committee, supporting struggle for Independence of African states.
       6. Tanzania strongly opposed apartheid regime of South Africa and helped to dismantle it.
       7. It was during the reign of Julius Nyerere that he transferred capital of Tanzania from Dar-es-salaam to Dodoma.       (6x2=12mks)

21.  
    1. State five ways used by nationalists in Ghana to fight for independence.
       1. They formed political parties.
       2. They used boycotts / demonstrations / strikes / go-slows.
       3. They organized political rallies to mobilize mass support.
       4. They used newspapers to articulate their views.
       5. They used the legislative council.
       6. They composed songs / poems to attack colonialism.
       7. Use of trade unions.
       8. Used international fora.                                                                         (5x1=5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to development of African nationalism in Ghana.
       1. Inadequate African representation in legislative council caused discontent among the Ghanaians.
       2. Loss of powers by traditional African chiefs created discontent against the colonial governments.
       3. They need to guard against land alienation by the British united the Africans.
       4. Introduction of taxation by the colonial government was resented by Ghanaians.
       5. The meager earnings by Africans from the sale of Cocoa to Europeans created discontent among them,.
       6. The order by colonial government that farmers uproot their crops due to prevalence of the ‘rooker shoot’ disease upset them.
       7. The involvement of the ex-servicemen in the second world war inspired them to fight for their independence.
       8. The attainment of independence by India and Pakistan in 1947 encouraged the Ghanaians to demand for their rights to govern themselves.
       9. The existence of young educated Ghanaians who had understood the ideals of democracy / freedom who inspired the masses towards a worthy cause.
       10. High rate of unemployment among the Africans created resentment / discontent.
       11. The United Nations charter’s declaration of the importance of political independence for all the people in their struggle against colonial domination.
       12. The selective granting of trading licence to European traders while denying the same to Africans created discontent.       (5x2 = 10mks)

SECTION C ( 30 MARKS)
ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS.

21.  
    1. State three reasons for the failure of Schlieffen plan during first world war.
       1. Russia mobilized her forces faster than expected thus Germany was forced to deploy her forces to Eastern front.
       2. German invasion of Belgium did not go as fast as anticipated.
       3. Both sides were more evenly matched than German throughout.
       4. Britain entry into the war also contributed into the delay (3x1 = 3 mks)
    2. Explain six reasons for the Allies Victory during Second World War.                                             
       1. They had many supporters hence large army
       2. Germany’s failure to effectively control her expansive conquered territories created division.
       3. When US recovered from her losses, she reamed herself and attacked Germany.
       4. The USA entry into the war boosted the Alliens.
       5. Allied forces possessed the most superior weapons.
       6. Axis powers suffered from a shortage of raw materials that could sustain their military and Economy.
       7. The Axis powers made serious tactical mistakes i.e. Japan and Germany.
       8. Allies powers were boosted by Britain involving her empires in the war i.e. in Africa and Asia.  ( 2 x 6 = 12mks) 

22.  
    1. State three conditions that gave rise to the Non-Aligned movement.
       1. The fear and threats of super power interferance with the sovereignty of neutral
       2. The necessity to form a united front to resist the U.S.A or Sonet Union dominance.
       3. The need for independent states to form a United movement to tackle international and regional issues.( 3 x 1 = 3mks 
    2. Explain six challenges of the Non-Aligned movement.        
       1. The super powers continued to interfere in the affairs of member states.
       2. Frequent boarder disputes between member states.
       3. Allegiance to regional bloc organizations e.g. common wealth A.U. e.t.c
       4. Pronounced civil and millitary unrest, war and coups in several member states.
       5. Lack of effective secretariat and executive mechanism to co-ordinate its affairs.
       6. Economic constraints that caused high poverty ratio.
       7. Personality differences of leaders.
       8. The end of the cold war following the break up of communist activities of the movement.
          (6 x 2 = 12mks)                           

23.  
    1. Identify the groups of people who cannot vie for elections in Britain
       1. clergy
       2. Holders of certain offices e.g judges
       3. Aliens
       4. Members of the House of lords (3x1=3mks)
    2. How is the executive in the USA checked by other organs of government                          
       1. Appointees to executive positions have to be approved by the senate
       2. The executive cannot use government funds without approval of the congress
       3. The congress can impeach a sitting president if his/her conduct in office is not satisfactory
       4. The supreme court may declare the president to have acted unconstitutionally
       5. The elections to house of representatives are held every two years hence the president’s party must be careful lest it loses its majority in the congress
       6. The mass media also monitors the conduct of the executive
       7. Public opinion also play a vital role in checking the conduct of the executive
       8. Pressure group also help to check presidential actions
       9. The constitution limits the president’s terms of 4 years each.
          ( 6x2=12mks)