SECTION A
Answer all questions in this section
- Give the two examples of monarchical type of government. (2marks)
- State two aspects of oral tradition as asource of information in history. (2marks)
- Give two stages in evolution according to Charles Darwin. (2marks)
- Name one pre-historical site in Tanzania. (1mark)
- State two stages of the Stone Age period. (2marks)
- State one advantage of the currency system. (1mark)
- Name one use of pipeline asa mean oftransport. (1mark)
- Give twoexamples of print media. (2marks)
- Identifytwo early sources of energy . (2marks)
- State one way in which the industrial revolution in Europe promoted colonialism. 1mark)
- State one way in which Africans responded to European rule(1mark)
- State the main aim of Berlin conference of 1884-1885. (1mark)
- State two types of nationalism in South Africa in the first two decades of the 20th (2marks)
- Give the two war methods employed in the First World War. (2marks)
- Name the main cause of the cold war . (1mark)
- Name the African head of state who spearheaded the formation of the African union. (1mark)
- Identify one political antagonist in the 1960 Congo crisis. (1mark)
SECTION B
Answer any three questions from this section
-
- Give three contributions of archeology to the study of history. (3marks)
- Explain six limitations of using archeology as a source of information on History and Government. (12marks)
-
- State three slave treaties signed by the British and SeyyidSaid that led to abolition of slave trade. (3marks)
- Explain six factors that led to the decline of Trans-Saharan trade(12marks)
-
- Identify the five water vessels developed since the 18th (5marks)
- Discuss five disadvantages of water transport. (10marks)
-
- State five causes of Franco- Mandinka war of 1891-1898. (5marks)
- Explain five reasons why the Shona and the Ndebele were subdued by the British (10marks)
SECTION C
Answer any two questions from this section
-
- Give five reasons why the British employed direct rule in Zimbabwe. (5marks)
- Explain the effects of the British rule in Zimbabwe. (10marks)
-
- List down three official languages used in United Nations Organization (U.N.O) (3marks)
- Explain six challenges facing United Nations organization today. (12marks)
-
- Give three ways in which the policy of nationalism slowed down economic development in Tanzania during the reign of Julius Nyerere. (3marks)
- Describe six social challenges that have faced Tanzania since independence.( 12marks)
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
- Give the two examples of monarchical type of government (2marks)
Absolute government
Constitutional government
- State two aspects of oral traditions as a source of information on history (2marks)
Folk tales
Myths
Legends
Tongue twisters
Myths
Poems
Riddles
- Give two stages in evolution according to Charles Darwin (2marks)
Mutation
Natural selection
Isolation and adaptation
- Name one pre-historical site in Tanzania (1mark)
Garusi
Olduvai Gorge
Eyasi/Simila
ApisRock
Mumba
Laetoli
Nasera
- State two stages of the stone age period (2marks)
Old Stone Age (Lower Palaeolithic)
Middle Stone Age (Middle Palaeolithic
New Stone Age (Upper Palaeolithic)
- State one advantage of the currency system (1mark)
It’s not bulky
Money is a store of value or wealth
Its easily divisible into smaller units
Its durable
It’s a measure of value of goods
- Name one use of pipeline as a mean of transport (1mark)
Transport liquid
Gases
Solid liquid
- Give two examples of print media (2marks)
Periodicals
Newspapers
Magazines
Books
Leaflets
Booklets
Journals
- Identity two early source of energy (2marks)
Wood
Wind
Water
- State one way in which the industrial revolution in Europe promoted colonialism (1mark)
Colonies produced raw material for industries
Colonies acted as markets for manufactured goods
Colonies acted as outlets where European countries could invest surplus capital
- State one way in which Africans responded to European rule (1mark)
Resistance
Collaboration
- State the main aim of Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 (1mark)
To divide Africa among Europe nations by setting rules
- State two types of nationalism in south Africa in the first two decades of the 20th century (2marks)
Afrikaner Nationalism
British Nationalism
African Nationalism
- Give the two war methods employed in the first world war (2marks)
Use of poison gas by the Germans
Aeroplanes were used for the first time to bomb enemy camps in 1915
In 1916 the British began to use tanks
- What was the main cause of the cold war (1mark)
The ideological differences between Capitalist West and the Communist East
- Name the African head of state who spearheaded the formation of the African union(1mk)
Muammar Gadaffi of Libya
- Identify one political antagonist in the 1960 Congo Crisis (1mark)
Patrick Lumumba
Joseph Kasavubu
MoiseTsombe
SECTION B
Answer any three questions from this section
-
- Give three contributions of archaeology to the study of history (3marks)
It provides information on peoples ways of life
It helps people to locate historical sites
It provides information on the chronological order historical events
It provides information on the origin of human beings
Any 3×1= (3mks) - Explain six limitations of using archeology as source of information on History and Government (12marks)
It is a time consuming method as the researcher needs a lot of time to prepare for an excavation
It is an expensive source to excavate and analyze artifacts
Some artifacts and fossils are fragile and can easily break thus misleading the analyst
Archeological information could be inaccurate
There are very few archeological experts and facilities for interpreting evidence in Kenya
It is sometimes difficult for archeologists to locate an archeological site
One cannot study present materials
It may not be easily to accurately determine the date when the events took place.
Any 6×2= (12mks)
- Give three contributions of archaeology to the study of history (3marks)
-
- state three slave treaties signed by the, British and SeyyidSaid that led to abolition of slave trade (3marks)
Moresby Treaty – 1822
HammertonTreaty – 1845
Frere Treaty – 1873
3x1= (3mks) - Explain six factors that led to the decline of trans- Saharan trade 12 marks
The exhaustion of the main trading commodities such as salt and gold
Insecurity experienced in the region due to the collapse of western sudan kingdom
The ottoman turks activities in north Africa
Invasion of Moroccan port along the Atlantic ports by portugal and Spain
The Moroccan invasion of western sudan disrupted trade
The growth of trans-Atlantic trade undermined trans-saharan trade as traders shifted their focus to the new trade
The anti- slave trade crusaders led to abolition of slave trade
Colonization of Africa made north and west Africa to come under European domination
The European penetration of west Africa made them to take up the roles of middlemen in this trade
Establishment of commercial ports was preferred by the traders due to use of water transport
Any 6x2 = (12mks)
- state three slave treaties signed by the, British and SeyyidSaid that led to abolition of slave trade (3marks)
-
- Identify the five water vessels developed since the 18th Century (5marks)
Steamships
Freight vessels
Military vessels
Ferries
Motor driven ships
Motor boats
Modern passenger liners
Hydrofoils and hovercrafts
Any 5x1= (5mks) - Discuss the five disadvantages of water transport (10marks)
Water vessels are expensive to build and maintain
In the event of accidents, many lives are lost and goods destroyed
It causes pollution on water bodies
It is only possible where there are water masses
It is slow compared to road and air transport
It requires to be supplemented by road and railway transport
Any 5x2 = (10mks)
- Identify the five water vessels developed since the 18th Century (5marks)
-
- State five causes of Franco Mandinka War of 1891-1898 (5marks)
SamoriTourewanted to safeguard independence
He resisted the French style of acquiring colonies
He could not tolerate the French who were non-Muslims
He was upset by the French ammunition
He was determine to keep the rich Bure mines
He was confident of his military powers
He had tried to use diplomacy by playing off the British against French
Any 5 points x1 = (5mks) - Explain five reasons why the Shona and Ndebele were subdued by the British (10marks)
There was disunity between the Shona and Ndebele
The British soldiers were well trained and organized
The economy of the Africa was too weak to support the military
The execution of the African leaders demoralized the people
British got reinforcement from Botswana and South Africa
The religious belief worked against the people
The Ndebele social class contributed to division
Cecil Rhodes was quite determined to suppress the revolt
Any 5x2 = (10mks)
- State five causes of Franco Mandinka War of 1891-1898 (5marks)
SECTION C
Answer any two questions from this section.
-
- State five reasons why the British employed direct rule in Zimbabwe (5marks)
Indigenous or local political institution based on Induna system had been destroyed during the process of conquest
The British wanted complete control over African communities
European were many in Zimbabwe thus filled administrative posts
1896-1897 Shona Ndebele war eroded confidence in local administration
They desired to control the economy of Zimbabwe to maximize profits
BSACo had enough finance to pay administrators
BSACo personnel on the spot were familiar with the area and British system
Any 5x1 = (5mks) - Explain the effects of British rule in Zimbabwe
African traditional chiefs lost their power
African traditional economy was undermined
Land was alienated from Africans
Africans were subjected to heavy taxation
Africans were subjected to forced labour in mines
African culture was undermined with introduction of Christianity
Racial discrimination in government economic and social matters
African freedom of movement was curtailed by being confined in reserves and introduction of pass laws
Any 5x2 = (10mks)
- State five reasons why the British employed direct rule in Zimbabwe (5marks)
-
- List three official languages used in United Nations Organization (3marks)
English
Chinese
French
Russia
Spanish
Arabic
Any 3×1= (3marks) - Explain six challenges facing United NationsOrganization today
Inadequate funding and commitment
Lack of permanent army to implement policies
Poverty and levels of development
Arm race or terrorism attack
Reliance and interference from colonial masters
Global warming
Afro-Asia-Latin American blocks resist the big 5 with veto powers
Any 6x2 = (12mks)
- List three official languages used in United Nations Organization (3marks)
-
- Give three ways in which the policy of nationalism slowed down economic development in Tanzania during the reign of Julius Nyerere (5marks)
Many Tanzanians developed negative attitudes to work/relied on government support
Some industries collapsed
Most foreign investors withdrew from the country
3x1 = (3mks) - Describe six social challenges that have faced Tanzania since independence (12marks)
Lack of basic amenities such as housing, education, health and water supplies
Unemployment has led to increased rural-urban migration
Provision of free primary education has proved expensive
The insistence of one-man one job as per Arusha declaration has left many school leavers unemployed
Government efforts to provide basic services have been frustrated by rising population
Nationalism and Africanisation of economy was frustrated by inadequate human resource and economic resource
The idea that Tanzania could develop with minimal international support greatly undermined her objectives for national development
Any 6x2 = (12mks)
- Give three ways in which the policy of nationalism slowed down economic development in Tanzania during the reign of Julius Nyerere (5marks)
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