Instructions to Candidates
- Write your name, Admission number and index number in the spaces provided
- Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above
- Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided below each question.
- Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used.
- All working MUST be clearly shown where necessary.
- This paper consists of 13 printed pages
For Examiner's Only
Questions | Max. Score | Candidate's Score |
1 - 32 | 80 |
QUESTIONS
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- Distinguish between efflorescent and hygroscopic substance (2mrks)
- Give one use of hygroscopic substance in the laboratory (1mrk)
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- Define the following terms:
- Atomic number? (1mrk)
- Element (1mrk)
- An Element P forms an Oxide PO2 and element belongs to period 3. Draw the structure of the compound when P reacts with Chlorine. (Imrk)
- Define the following terms:
- Elements combine chemically to form different compounds or decomposed to form different compounds as shown below.
Number Name of compound Names of Radical Name of Gas produced I Sodium Nitrate II Sodium Hydrogen carbonate - Complete the table below by filling the Name of the radical formed and gas produced after decomposition of the compounds. (2mrks)
- State One industrial use of the gas produced in part 1 (1mrk)
- Zinc Oxide is an Amphoteric Oxide and it reacts with both acids and bases,
- Write equation for the reaction between Zinc Oxide and Hydrochloric acid. (1mrk)
- Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid that would react completely with 5.063g of Zinc Oxide. (Zn=65, 0=16) (2mrks)
- During a separation process, a substance that remains on the filter paper is called residue while the liquid that goes through the filter paper and is collected in the beaker is called filtrate.
- Name the Process describe above (1mrk)
- A mixture contains copper powder and Zinc powder, describe how you would obtain copper from the mixture using dilute sulphuric (VI) Acid. (2mrks)
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- A glass beaker fell from a bench onto the concrete floor breaking into many small pieces, is this chemical or physical Explain. (1mrk)
- A homogenous mixture containing liquid X, Y and Z with boiling points of 82°C, 138°C and 115°C respectively is to be separated.
- Name the method of separation (1mrk)
- Give one industrial application of the above method. (1mrk)
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- Differentiate between Empirical and Molecular formula. (1mrk)
- If the mass of water of crystallizations in magnesium sulphate, MgSO4.nH20 is 51.2%, Determine the value of n (Mg=24, S=32, O=16 H=1) (2mrks)
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- Name the second member of Alkene homologous series (1mrk)
- Distinguish between butanoic acid and butanol (2mrks)
- Explain how increase in concentration affects rates of reaction. (2mrks)
- Volume of a gas was reduced to half its original volume at constant temperature when pressure on it was doubled.
- Which gas law was demonstrated by the set-up (1mrk)
- Pressure inside the container B increases Explain (1mrk)
- Explain what happens to kinetic energy of the particles as the volume is reduced. (1mrk)
- One of the graphs below shows the rate of collecting oxygen gas from a gas tank and the other from reaction vessels.
Explain which Graph was connected to:- Gas tank (1 mrk)
- Reaction Vessel. (1 mrk)
- White solid J was tested as described below.
- little sodium hydroxide was added to sample and heated a gas evolved which turned Red-litmus paper blue.
- Second sample was dissolved in water, few drops of lead (II) Nitrate solution were then added and warmed white precipitate which dissolved on warming.
- Name the solid J. (1mrk)
- Write ionic Equation for the formation of white precipitate. (1mrk)
- The diagram below shows how to prepare hydrogen gas in the laboratory
- I). Identify Liquid X (1mrk)
II). State the function of Solid Y (1 mrk) - The gas formed above was passed over heated Iron (III) Oxide. Write the equation for the reaction. (1mrk)
- I). Identify Liquid X (1mrk)
- A sample of water was suspected to contain Calcium ions. Describe chemical test to confirm the presence of the Calcium ions in water. (2mrks)
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- What is meant by lattice energy? (1mrk)
- Study the Energy level diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
- What type of reaction is represented by the diagram? (1mrk)
- Given that Enthalpy of Hydration of Calcium chloride is =-1730kJ. Calculate the enthalpy of Lattice of Calcium chloride (2mrks)
- State and explain the observation made when Chlorine gas is bubbled into Potassium lodide solution. (2mrks)
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- Name One Anion present in Temporary hard water. (1mrk)
- Explain how ion exchange softens hard water. (2mrks)
- Study the standard electrode potentials in the table below and answer the questions that follow, the letters are not actual symbol of the elements.
A2+ (aq) + 2e- → A(s) +0.34v
B2+ (aq)+ 2e- → B(s) -2.38
C+ (aq) + e- → C(s) +0.80v- Identify the strongest Reducing agent (1mrk)
- Calculate the electromotive force when the half-cell of A and C are combined (2mrks)
- Tetra chloromethane and water are immiscible and water is less dense, iodine is dissolved in water and brown solution is formed.the solution formed and tetra chloromethane are mixed in a separating funnel as shown below.
- Name the method of separation shown above. (1mrk)
- Explain how iodine can be obtained from the mixture in (ill) above (2mrks)
- The property of ammonia gas was investigated using the set up shown in the diagram below.
- What name is used to describe the experiment. (1mrk)
- Name the property of ammonia gas demonstrated by the experiment. (1mrk)
- identify another gas that may be used instead of ammonia gas. (1mrk)
- Moist chlorine gas is inverted over moist hydrogen sulphide gas as shown below.
- State and explain the observation made during the reaction. (2mrks)
- Write equation for the reaction. (1mrk)
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- Powdered sulphur was placed in methylbenzene and the mixture stirred and filtered and filtrate evaporated slowly and crystal formed.
- Name the allotrope of sulphur formed (1mrk)
- Draw the shape of the crystal formed above. (1mrk)
- State the function of superheated water in Frasch process. (Imrk)
- Powdered sulphur was placed in methylbenzene and the mixture stirred and filtered and filtrate evaporated slowly and crystal formed.
- Chlorine reacts with water to form a solution shown in the equation below
Cl(g) + H2O(l) → Cl(aq) + HOCL(aq)- Explain why chlorine is added to water on a large scale. (1mrk)
- Green universal indicator is added to the solution above what colour change would be observed immediately (1mrk)
- What name is given to the following?
- Minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to start. (1mrk)
- A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but remains unchanged at the end of the reaction. (1mrk)
- Coating of metal with another metal by use of electricity. (1mrk)
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- Name the raw material from which sodium is extracted. (1mrk)
- Explain why sodium is extracted using electrolysis (1mrk)
- Name the compound that is used in the extraction gold (1mrk)
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- Define half-life. (1mrk)
- X grams of a radioactive isotopes takes 120days to decay to 3.5g and the half-life of the isotope is 20 days. Calculate the value of X. (2mrks)
- Nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia gas according to the equation below.
N2(g) + 3H2(W) → 2NH3(g)
The figure below shows how the percentage of ammonia in a reaction mixture changes when the reaction is carried out at three different temperatures A, B and C, Pressure is increasing steadily
Explain which reaction was carried out at a higher temperature (2mrks) - Name the intermolecular forces present in the following.
- lodine (1mrk)
- Water (1mrk)
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- Name the family to which sodium metal belongs to. (1mrk)
- Give the name of the other metal in the same family and is just above sodium.(1 mrk)
- Give the name of the Noble gas which is used in street and advertisement light. (1mrk)
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