English Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Samia Joint Mock Examination 2021/2022

Instructions to Candidates

1. Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
2. Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
3. Answer all the questions in this paper.
4. All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.
5. This paper consists of 9 printed pages
6. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
7. Candidates must answer the questions in English

1. COMPREHENSION (20MKS)
   Read the following passage and then answer the questions that follow.
   The question is at least as old as Socrates: If we know what the right thing to do is, why do we not do it? It is an especially acute question when applied to global warming. The science showing that carbon dioxide emissions are already changing the planet’s climate, and are likely to have severe effects (melting ice caps, sea-level rise, and species extinction), is compelling and now barely disputed. Almost 90% of Europeans say they recognize climate change as a major issue, and 75% identify fossil fuel emissions as a major cause.
   And yet, as was widely discussed at a conference of environmentalists, geologists and writers in May 2006 in Ankelohe, Germany, public understanding has not translated into even the simplest of public actions. Less than 1% of Britons, for example, have switched their home electricity to renewable sources, even though it requires little more than a phone call to one’s existing provider. Proportions on the continent are slightly higher, but there is clearly no rush to go green or — shudder — stop driving cars.
   Why such a disconnect between information and action? Part of the problem is that environmental advocates emit mixed messages. In mid-May 2006, Britain’s Guardian published a front-page story showing that five companies in Britain produce more CO2 pollution in a year than all the country’s motorists combined. That is a strong argument for targeting industries, but the average reader could hardly be blamed for thinking, “Why should I bother to cut down my driving?”
   Similarly, not enough thought has been devoted to the best role for government. Climate change is too vast a problem for individuals to solve alone, and some big businesses have an incentive not to solve it. That leaves government to take the lead, which is tricky, because over-reliance on government can allow individuals to fob off their own responsibilities. What is worse, government power seems to tickle autocratic fantasies. In my experience, environmentalists spend far too much energy advocating hard-line government ‘solutions’ that do not stand a chance of being enacted. Sure, it might be good for the planet if governments banned the use of sports-utility vehicles or, for that matter, of all fossil fuels. Yet not only is it hard to sell outright prohibitions to voters, but the sad truth is that governments have a woeful record in even the mildest interventions. One of the most significant innovations in the last decade has been Europe’s carbon-emission trading scheme: some 12 000 companies, responsible for more than half of the EU’s emissions, have been assigned quotas. Companies with unused allowances can sell them; the higher the price, the greater the incentive for firms to cut their use of fossil fuels. The system seemed to work for about a year — but now it turns out that Europe’s governments allocated far too many credits, which will likely hinder the program’s effectiveness for years.
   Perhaps the real reason that well-intentioned consumers do not change is that they do not see any benefit. Climate change may be a frightening, irreversible calamity, but its worst effects will not be felt next week or next year. The planet looks the same regardless of whether we use environmentally friendly technology or we do not care how much CO2 we emit. But sure as the sun rises and sets every day, if we do not cut down on carbon emissions, then we may not have a planet to hand over to the next generation.
   (Adapted from Times, June 5, 2006)
   1. Provide an appropriate title for the above passage (2 marks)
   2. In note form, what are the effects of global warming. (2 marks)
   3. What, according to the passage, is the main cause of global warming? (3 marks)
   4. How does Britain encourage people to use renewable electricity? (3 marks)
   5. Paraphrase the following sentence: (2 marks)
      That is a strong argument for targeting industries, but the average reader could hardly be blamed for thinking, ‘Why should I bother to cut down my driving?’
   6. Rewrite the following sentence into a statement. (2 marks)
      Why should I bother to cut down my driving ?
   7. What message does the writer communicate in this passage? (2 marks)
   8. Explain the meaning of the following words and expression as used in the passage. (4 marks)
      1. fob off
      2. incentive
      3. Calamity
      4. emission
2. A DOLL’S HOUSE (25 MARKS)
   Read the following excerpt from Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, and answer the questions that follow.
   Rank: Is there anything wrong?
   Nora: No, no, not in the least. It is only something it is my new dress—
   Rank: What? Your new dress is lying there.
   Nora: Oh, yes, that one; but this is another. I ordered it. Torvald mustn't know about it—
   Rank: Oho! Then that was the great secret.
   Nora: Of course. Just going to him; he is sitting in the inner room, Keep him as long as—
   Rank: Make your kind easy; I won't let him escape. (Goes into HELMER’S room )
   Nora: (to the MAID) and he is standing waiting in the kitchen?
   Maid: Ye, he came up the back stairs.
   Nora: But didn't you tell him no one was in?
   Maid: Yes, but It was no good.
   Nora: He won't go away?
   Maid: No; he say she won't until he has seen you, ma'am.
   Nora: Well, let him come in—but quietly Hellen, you mustn't say anything about it to anyone. It is a surprise for my husband.
   Maid: Yes, ma'am, I quite understand. (Exit)
   Nora: This dreadful thing is going to happen! It will happen inspite of me! No, no, no, It can't happen—its hasn't happen! (She bolts the door of HELMER' S room. The MAID opens the hall door for KROGSTAD and shuts it after him. He is wearing a fur coat, high Boots and fur cap.)
   Nora: (advancing towards him) Speak low—my husband is at home.
   Krogstad: No matter about that.
   Nora: What do you want of me?
   Krogstad: An explanation of something.
   Nora: Make haste then. What is it?
   Krogstad: You know, I suppose, that I have got my dismissal.
   Nora: I couldn't prevent it, Mr. Krogstad I fought as hard as I could on your side, but It was no good.
   Krogstad: Does your husband love you so little, then? He knows what I can expose you to, and yet he ventures —
   Nora: How can you suppose that he has any knowledge of the sort?
   Questions:
   
   1. Place the excerpt in its immediate context. (4 marks)
   2. What is it that Nora claims to be another that she ordered? What does it reveal about her character trait? (4 marks)
   3. This dreadful thing is going to happen! What is it that Nora fears will happen? (5 marks)
   4. What character trait of Nora is brought out in the excerpt? (4 marks)
   5. What is the presentation of Rank in the excerpt? (2 marks)
   6. Identify and explain two aspects of style used in the above excerpt ( 2mks)
   7. What major theme comes out in the excerpt? (2 marks)
   8. What is the meaning of the following words as used in the excerpt? (2 marks)
      
      1. Dreadful
      2. Make your mind easy
3. ORAL NARRATIVE ( 20 MARKS)
   THE MAN WHO WAS PREGNANT IN THE KNEE
   (Place of Origin: Kikuyu Collected by: K.P. Ndendero)
   Along time ago, there was a man who was pregnant in the knee. People of his neighbourhood often told him that his knee was growing big. As time went on, the knee grew bigger and bigger . A time came when it was discovered that he would give birth. He went into a house and gave birth to three children. This man then took his three children somewhere into a cave. He gave them names, calling one girl Wanjiru.
   After locking the cave from the outside, the man went to look for food so that he could feed the children. On coming back to the cave with the food, he usually sang a song so that the children could open the door for him to enter the cave. He had ordered them to close the entrance from inside, and not to open to anybody else other than himself.
   He sang:
   Knee, Knee, Knee that has made me rich,
   Gave birth for me to three children
   Who I named Nyamathiriti, Nyamathangania, Nyamatuathanga
   Njiru open for me I give you food
   Which you know and which you don’t know.
   Upon hearing that song , the children opened the door for him since they had recognised his voice. He entered the cave and gave them food to eat.
   This routine was repeated every time the man went to look for food to feed his children. After quite some time had passed, the father of the children went to look for food as usual. He first locked the children from outside and they locked from the inside. Coming back to the cave with the food the man sang his usual song.
   But Irimu had been eavesdropping, and heard the song the man sang. He therefore decided to eat those children in the cave when their father was absent. So when the father of the children, after some days, went again to look for food, Irimu approached the door to the cave and sang with a hoarse voice.
   Knee, knee, that has made me poor, has made me rich,
   Gave birth for me to three children
   Who I named Nyamathiriti, Nyamathangania , Maturiathanga,
   Njiru open for me , I give you food
   Which you know and which you dont know.
   After listening to that voice, the children knew that the voice was not their father`s. Wanjiru then told the ogre Go away you fool; you are not my father. The ogre went away realizing that the children would not open the door, since they had recognized that his voice was not that of their father.
   After the ogre had gone away the father of the children came back with food for the children to eat. He then sang his usual song and the children recognized his voice and opened for him.
   Irimu then went to a witchdoctor and said there are some children I want to eat, how will I know how to get them? The witch doctor answered, Go to the path of ants; lay your tongue there and let them bite you. Get bitten, bitten and bitten. When the tongue oozes blood it will then be able to sing like the father of those children.
   Irimu then went to do as directed. He laid his tongue on the path of ants. But when he was bitten by some ants, he rose up quickly and exclaimed, Phew, phew it hurts. He went back to the witchdoctor and lied that he had really been bitten by the ants.
   He then proceeded to the cave where the children were and sang with a voice that was still hoarse.
   After listening to that voice the children realized that it was not their fathers, Wanjiru told him, Go away you fool, you are not our father.
   Irimu had not softened his voice properly as he had been directed by the witchdoctor because he was afraid of pain. He went back to consult the witchdoctor again. The witchdoctor firmly directed him and said, Go and be bitten properly by the ants. So he went to the path of the ants and laid his tongue there. He was bitten, bitten and bitten till his tongue oozed blood and softened.
   Now the father of the children sensing danger might befall his children, had advised and warned them that When you’ll be taken from here while I am absent, take with you this castor oil seeds. They are kept in a pot. So when you will be removed from here, you drop the castor oil seeds, as you go, and I will follow you up to where you have been taken and I will rescue you. Have heard that Wanjiru? Yes, replied Wanjiru.
   After some days had gone by, the father of the children went again to look for something to eat. The ogre having been bitten properly by the ants; came back to the cave. He softened his mouth and then sang that song;
   Knee, knee that made me poor, has made me rich.
   Gave birth for me to three children
   Who I named Nyamathiriti, Nyamathangania, Maturiathanga.
   Njiru , open for me , I give you food
   Which you know and which you dont know.
   Wanjiru after listening to that voice and thinking it’s her father who opened the door. Irimu pushed the door open and entered the cave. He rudely ordered the children. Out we go; But Wanjiru at that moment remembered the castor oil seeds pot. She snatched it before she was forcibly pushed outside. Wanjiru then started dropping the seeds from the door steps. She went on dropping and dropping, until the house to which they were taken. The father of those children came back to the cave with food for children to eat. But when he sang his usual song, the door was not opened. But at that moment he saw the seeds at the doorstep of the cave. He got alarmed and immediately knew that his children had been taken away. He followed the castor oil seeds until he reached a house where the seeds ended. Pretending to be a messenger sent on a mission he was welcomed into the house. He found that his children had been brought there by Irimu. But after staying there for some days, he organized a successful plan and stole his children back. They ran away and went back home to their cave. My story comes to an end. 
   Questions
   1. Place the above oral narrative in its correct sub genre. (2marks)
   2. Identify and illustrate one socio economic activity of the society depicted in this oral narrative (2marks)
   3. How has the oral artist portrayed the character of the father? (4marks)
   4. The witchdoctor’s advice to Irimu can be summed up in a general proverb.
      
      1. Write down one such proverb from any community. (1mark)
      2. Explain its relevance to the witchdoctor’s advice. (2marks)
   5. What feature in this story shows that it is a traditional oral narrative? (4marks)
   6. Imagine you are telling this story to a group of young children. How would you make the story more interesting? (4marks)
   7. Which method do you think would be most suitable when collecting this narrative from the field? (1mark)
4. GRAMMAR.
   
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Do not alter the meaning. (2 marks)
      
      1. I have never seen a more beautiful girl. (Re-write beginning: This is……)
      2. Mango is usually punctual. (Rewrite using seldom).
   2. Complete the following sentences by choosing the appropriate expressions to fill the gaps. (2marks)
      
      1. Although Nduati is a great friend of mine. I ……………………………….him on a few important issues.( differ to , differ with)
      2. As good citizens, we must all pay our taxes………………………………..the policy. (in accordance to, in accordance with).
   3. Fill in the blanks spaces with the correct forms of the words given in bracket. (4 marks)
      
      1. She may consider helping the orphan on ……………………………….. (human) grounds.
      2. Ndeko still wants more food even after clearing a whole plateful of Ugali. His appetite is simply………. (Satisfy).
      3. His ………………………… can only be compared to that of his great grandfather. (Mediocre)
      4. After the inferno, the Roche’s had to buy new ………………………… (furnish) for their house.
   4. Use the correct phrasal verbs in places of the underlined words and phrases. Use the verbs in brackets. (3 marks)
      
      1. It is quite evident from the boy’s photographs that he resembled his mother (Take).
      2. They all waited anxiously for the event as it was a time they met their friends. (Look)
      3. It is not easy to declare a complete loss over a debt of more than one thousand shillings. (write)
   5. Add an appropriate question tag to each of the following sentences. ( 3marks)
      
      1. They aren’t serious
      2. They won’t shut up
      3. Let us go.

MARKING SCHEME

1. QUESTION 1
   
   1. Effects of global warming. ( 2 mks)
   2. The effects of global warming are melting ice caps, rising sea levels, species extinction and climatic change. (2 marks)
   3. The main cause of global warming, according to the passage, is fossil fuel emissions. (2 marks)
   4. Britain encourages people to use renewable electricity by making it very easy for people to switch to renewable sources. (3 marks)
   5. An ordinary reader would not be blamed for wondering why he or she has to reduce on driving while industries continue to emit a lot of CO₂. (2 marks)
   6. I should not bother to cut down my driving ( to infinitive) or I should not bother cutting down my driving ( ing participle) ( 1mk)
   7. The writer communicates the message that, while pollution is a life-threatening issue, the approaches to resolving it are ineffective. (2 marks)
   8.      
      1. fob off — to avoid/make excuses
      2. Incentive — a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something
      3. Calamity — an event that causes great damage (4marks)
   9. Emission- production, discharge, release, outpouring.
2. QUESTION 2: THE DOLL’S HOUSE
   
   1. Place the excerpt in its immediate context. 4mks
      Before this, Nora has been having an intimate conversation with Dr. Rank where she Wants to ask him for a big favour.
      Dr.Rank discloses to her that he is at the verge of death since his long time ailment
      Has taken a toll on him. He also confesses to having been in love with her all along.
      The maid comes in and hands Nora a card as she whispers something to her. Nora put the card in her pocket but looks disturbed.
      Later:
      Krogstad tells Nora that he has no option than to tell Helmer the long kept secret of
      Nora. She pleads with him not to and even offers to pay him some money but he refuses claiming he only wants to redeem his reputation. He walks out and drops a
      Letter meant for Helmer in the letter box.
   2. What is it that Nora claims to be another that she ordered? What does it reveal?
      About her character trait? 3mks
      What Nora claims to have ordered is the loan that she took from Krogstad behind her
      Husband’s back and which she has kept as a secret for long. It shows that Nora is
      Secretive since she has guarded this secret about taking the loan and her husband
      does not know it.
   3. This dreadful thing is going to happen! What is it that Nora fears will happen? 3mks
      Nora is afraid that her husband will get to know about her long kept secret of
      Borrowing money from Krogstad. The presence of Krogstad sends signals that he is
      Here to disclose to Helmer about the loan as well as the forgery that Nora involved herself.
   4. What character trait of Nora is brought out in the excerpt? 4mks
      She is secretive— she tells Rank that her husband must not know about it and Rank
      Asks about the great secret.
   5. What is the presentation of Rankin the excerpt? 2mks
      He is presented as a concerned person. He asks Nora whether anything is wrong.
   6. soliloquay- Nora anticipates that the worse is about to happen. This dreadful thing…
      Hyperbole- Nora exaggerates having fought the battle that never was.
   7. What major theme comes out in the excerpt? 2mks
      Deceit—it is evident that Nora has been deceiving her husband by keeping a particular
      Secret that she says he must never get to know. She tells Krogstad that Helmer has no
      Knowledge of the sort.
   8. What is the meaning of the following words as used in the excerpt? 2mks
      
      1. Dreadful — very bad.
      2. Make your mind easy — relax
3. QUESTION 3     
   1. Monster / Ogre narrative (1mk)
      Reason : The main character is an ogre / a fabulous creature . (1mk)
      Total marks (1mk)
   2. They were gatherers (1mk)
      Illust: Their father went to work for food daily. (1mk)
      - They were farmers (farming as an economic activity) Total marks (2mks)
      Illust: The presence of castor oil seeds. (1mk)
      (Accept any one activity) Total (2mks)
   3. The father is responsible / caring / concerned (1mk)
      Illust. : He strives to make sure they have food and are safe (1mk)
      He is cautious (1mk)
      Illust: Uses a song to ensure that the children dont open the door for the strangers
      advises Wanjiru to use castor oil seed if ever they will leave home. (1mk)
      He is courageous / brave (1mk)
      Illust: On realising that he was at Ogre`s home, he did not run away but planned for
      escape.
      He is sly / cunning (1mk)
      Illust: He pretended that he was a messenger sent on a mission and finally planned for escape (1mk)
      (Accept any two traits )
      1 mk for ident 1mk for illust.
      No mark for illust. without indent.
   4. Proverb
      
      1. There is no sweet cure
      2. There is nothing good that comes easily.
         (Accept any two traits)
         1 mk for indent. 1mk for illust.
         No mk for illust. without ident.
         Total mks (4mks)
      3. Explanation.
         The ogre could not withstand the pain of an ant bite and hence his voice remained hoarse / did not get the children (1mk)
         After he was bitten and bitten . his voice was soft and was able to sing like the childrens father / got them (1mk)
         (1mk mark for indent )
         (No mk for explanation without a proverb ) Total mks (3mks)
   5. Features of oral narrative
      Opening formula - A long time ago
      Closing formula My story comes to an end
      Song - The fathers song .
      Moral lesson The story has a teaching
      Accept any TWO features
      1 mk for indent. , 1mk for illlust, Total (4mks)
      Dramatising e.g how the ogre was bitten by the ants / how Wanjiru dropped the castor oil seeds .
      Voice variation: Use a horse voice for the ogre / soft voice for the father when singing .
      Singing / dancing - The fathers story
      Vary facial expression - To show the ogres disappointment on failing to get into the cave .
      (Accept any two)
      1mk for identification 1 for illust. Total mk (4mks)
   6. Using a video tape . (1mk
4. GRAMMAR:
   Deduct ½ mark for faulty expression.
   
   1. Each correct answer 1mk.
      
      1. This is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.
      2. Mango is seldom late.
   2. Wrong spelling = 0 mark.
      
      1. Differ with
      2. in accordance with
   3. Wrong spelling = 0 mark.
      
      1. Humanitarian (iv) Furnishing(s)
      2. Insatiable
      3. Mediocrity
   4. Wrong tense = 0.
      
      1. Took after.
      2. Looked forward to.
      3. Write off
   5.        
      1. Are they?
      2. will they?
      3. shall we?