Physics Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Kigumo Mocks 2021 Exams

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INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES:

  • Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
  • Answer all the questions both in section A and B in the spaces provided below each question
  • All workings must be clearly shown; marks may be awarded for correct steps even if the answers are wrong.
  • Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used.

For Examiners’ Use Only

SECTION

QUESTION

MAXIMUM SCORE

CANDIDATE’S SCORE

Section A

1-13

25

 

Section B

14

06

 

15

10

 

16

08

 

17

18

11

11

 

19

10

 

TOTAL

80

 


QUESTIONS

SECTION A: (25 MARKS) Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided

  1. Figure below shows a scale of vernier calipers when measuring the width of a meter rule.
    1 agyughadha
    What is the actual width of the meter rule if the calipers has a zero error of + 0.6mm.? (2mks)
  2. Water is known to boil at 100ºC. A student heated some water and noticed that it boiled at 101ºC. State two possible reasons for this observation (2mks)
  3. The Figure below shows a flask filled with water. The flask is fitted with a cork through which a tube is inserted. When the flask is cooled, the water level rises slightly, and then falls steadily.
    3 ugduyagdya
    Explain the observation (3mks)
  4. A pipe of radius 4mm is connected to another pipe of radius 6mm. if water flows in the wider pipe at the speed of 5 ms-1, what is the speed in the narrower pipe? (3mks)
  5. Find the total pressure experienced by a diver 8 meters below the sea surface. (3mks)
    Take; Atmospheric pressure = 103360N
    Density of sea water = 1030 kg/m3
  6. The following is a graph of force against extension for a spring
    6 aiduiyahuda
    On the same axes, sketch a graph of force against extension for a spring double the length, same thickness, same material as the spring above (1mk)
  7. Explain the cause of random motion of particles as observed in Brownian motion in a smoke cell experiment. (1mk)
  8. Figure below shows an ammeter used to measure current through the conductor .The student used the lower scale.
    8 uyaguydgyagda
    State the reading from the meter (1mk)
  9. Convert -200ºC into Kelvins (1mk)
  10. Figure shows an object held between two straight edges. Determine the radius of the object using the meter rule shown in figure below. (2 marks)
    10 aiudhiuahda
  11. Figure below shows two identical springs constant 3N/cm supporting a load of 30N.
    11 aiudhiuad
    Determine the extension of each spring (3mks)
  12. Convectional and diffusion both involve motion of fluid molecules. Distinguish between the two (2mks)
  13. The figure shows a water tank that is used to heat water and supply through taps.
    13 jagdguygadyad
    State with a reason whether the appropriate position for a heater is X or Y (2 marks)

SECTION B (55 MKS) Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided

  1.                    
    1. A mixture consists of 80cm3 of water and 120cm3 of liquid X. If the density of water and liquid X are 1.0g/cm3 and 0.8g/cm3 respectively. Calculate the density of the mixture (3 mks)
    2. Why is mercury more suitable for use in a simple barometer than water? (2 mks)
    3. State one factor that would increase the surface tension of pure water in a beaker of water. ( 1mks)
  2.                  
    1. Distinguish between solid and liquid states of matter in terms of intermolecular forces (1mk)
    2. In an experiment to estimate the diameter of an oil molecule, an oil drop of diameter 0.05 spreads over a circular patch whose diameter is 20cm. Determine:
      1. The volume of the oil drop (2mks)
      2. The area of the patch covered by the oil (2mks)
      3. The diameter of the oil molecule (2mks)
    3. State
      1. Any assumption made in (b) (iii) above (1mk)
      2. Two possible sources of errors in this experiment (2mks)
  3. The figure shows a conveyor belt transporting a package to a raised platform. The belt is driven by a motor.
    16 aydfytfgdtyad
    The mass of the package is 36 kg. Determine:
    1. The increase in the gravitational potential energy (G.P.E.) of the package when it is raised through a vertical height of 2.4 m. (2 marks)
    2. The power needed to raise the package through the vertical height of 2.4 m in 4 s (2 marks)
    3. The electrical power supplied to the motor is much greater than the answer to (b).
      Explain how the principle of conservation of energy applies to this system. (2 marks)
    4. Assume that the power available to raise packages is constant. A package of mass greater than 36 kg is raised through the same height. Suggest and explain the effect of this increase in mass on the operation of the conveyer belt. (2 marks)
  4.                      
    1.  Explain why a hammer of mass 3kg strikes a nail when moving at 40m/s making the nail sink into wood yet when the same hammer is placed on the nail head, it cannot sink in the wood (1mk)
    2. A trolley of mass 20kg moving at 0.6m/s on a frictionless horizontal surface was acted upon by a force of 2.5 N. The resultant velocity of the body was 4.8 m/s. Determine
      1. The change in momentum of the trolley (2mks)
      2. The time interval and the force acted on the body (2mks)
      3. The acceleration of the trolley (3mks)
    3. A gun of mass 3kg fires a bullet of mass 20g at 600m/s. Calculate the recoil velocity of the gun (3mks)
  5.                  
    1. State the two conditions necessary for a system of forces acting on a body to be in equilibrium. (2 marks)
    2. The figure shows a loaded wheelbarrow held in equilibrium by a gardener. The wheel of the wheelbarrow is in contact with the ground at point C
      18 auydguygad
      There are three vertical forces acting on the wheelbarrow P is the upward force applied by the gardener. Q is the upward force of the ground on the wheel at point C.W is the weight of the wheelbarrow and its contents. Explain why the force P is less than the force W
      1. By considering the forces P, Q and W, ( 2 marks)
      2. By considering the moments of the forces P and W about point C. (2 marks)
    3. The figure shows a tanker lorry full of liquid. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow
      18c jagduyad
      1. The tanker delivers the liquid and drives away empty. Compare the acceleration of the empty tanker with the acceleration of the full tanker for the same resultant force (2 marks)
      2. Given that empty tanker has a weight of 50 000 N. The forward force is 6000 N and the total resistive force is 2000N. Determine the acceleration of the tanker (3 marks)
  6.                
    1.                    
      1. State the law of floatation (1mk)
      2. Explain why a hollow metal sphere floats on water while a solid metal sphere of the same material sinks in water. (2mks)
    2. The figure below shows a uniform block of uniform cross-sectional area of 6.0cm2 floating on two liquids A and B. The lengths of the block in each liquid are shown.
      19 auydguyagda
      Given that the density of liquid A is 800kg/m3 and that of liquid B is 1000kgm-3, determine the:
      1. Weight of liquid A displaced (2mks)
      2. Weight of liquid B displaced (2mks)
      3. Density of block (3mks)


MARKING SCHEMES

  1. Figure below shows a scale of vernier calipers when measuring the width of a meter rule.
    1 agyughadha
    What is the actual width of the meter rule if the calipers has a zero error of + 0.6mm.? (2mks)
    MSR = 6.90cm
    VSR = 0.04cm
    = (6.90+ 0.04) cm
    Actual width = 6.94cm-0.06
    = 6.58cm
  2. Water is known to boil at 100oC . A student heated some water and noticed that it boiled at 101oC. State two possible reasons for this observation (2mks)
    • Atmospheric pressures is higher than normal/standard
    • Presence of impurities
  3. The Figure below shows a flask filled with water. The flask is fitted with a cork through which a tube is inserted. When the flask is cooled, the water level rises slightly, and then falls steadily.
    3 ugduyagdya
    Explain the observation (3mks)
    • When flask is cooled it contracts/its volume reduces but due to poor conductivity of the glass/materials of the flask water falls as it contraction is greater than the of glass
  4. A pipe of radius 4mm is connected to another pipe of radius 6mm. If water flows in the wider pipe at the speed of 5ms-1, what is the speed in the narrower pipe? (3mks)
    • A1V1 = A2V2
      π × 42 × v1=π × 62 × 5 ×10-3
      16/16V1 = 0.18/16
      = 11.25ms-1
  5. Find the total pressure experienced by a diver 8 meters below the sea surface. (3mks)
    Take; Atmospheric pressure = 103360N
    Density of sea water = 1030 kg/m3
    Pressure experienced by diver = Atmospheric pressure + Pressure due to sea water
    = 103360 + ?gh
    = 103360 + 1030 x 10 x 8
    = 185760 N/m2
  6. The following is a graph of force against extension for a spring
    6 ans ahdujhad
    On the same axes, sketch a graph of force against extension for a spring double the length, same thickness, same material as the spring above (1mk)
  7. Explain the cause of random motion of particles as observed in Brownian motion in a smoke cell experiment.
    It is caused by the bombardment of the smoke particles by the invisible air particles that are moving randomly(1mk)
  8. Figure below shows an ammeter used to measure current through the conductor .The student used the lower scale.
    8 uyaguydgyagda
    State the reading from the meter (1mk)
    Reading =1.35 A
  9. Convert -200°C into Kelvins (1mk)
    -200ºC + 273 = 73K
  10. Figure shows an object held between two straight edges. Determine the radius of the object using the meter rule shown in figure below. (2 marks)
    10 aiudhiuahda
    Diameter=3.4cm-2.7=0.7cm
    radius=0.7/2
    =0.35cm
  11. Figure below shows two identical springs constant 3N/cm supporting a load of 30N.
    11 aiudhiuad
    Determine the extension of each spring (3mks)
    e = F
          k
    e =30
        2x3
    e =5cm
  12. Convectional and diffusion both involve motion of fluid molecules. Distinguish between the two (2mks)
    Diffusion occurs in all directions, molecules move in all directions
    Convection occurs in one direction-upwards or downwards
  13. The figure shows a water tank that is used to heat water and supply through taps.
    13 jagdguygadyad
    State with a reason whether the appropriate position for a heater is X or Y (2 marks)
    Position Y. To ensure heat is transferred upwardly in the water through convection
  14.                    
    1. A mixture consists of 80cm3 of water and 120cm3 of liquid X. If the density of water and liquid X are 1.0g/cm3 and 0.8g/cm3 respectively. Calculate the density of the mixture (3 mks)
      mw = 80 x 1 = 80g
      Mx = 0.8 x 120 = 96g
      Total mass = 176g
      ᴩmixture =     176    
                        80+120
      = 0.88g/cm3
    2. Why is mercury more suitable for use in a simple barometer than water. (2 mks)
      Mercury is much denser than water.
      Therefore the column supported by the atmospheric pressure is much shorter
    3. State one factor that would increase the surface tension of pure water in a beaker of water. ( 1mks)
      Lowering the temperature
  15.                
    1. Distinguish between solid and liquid states of matter in terms of intermolecular forces (1mk)
      In solids the molecules are held in position by intermolecular forces that are very large. In liquids the molecules are able to roll over one another since the forces are smaller.
    2. In an experiment to estimate the diameter of an oil molecule, an oil drop of diameter 0.05 spreads over a circular patch whose diameter is 20cm. Determine:
      1. The volume of the oil drop (2mks)
        Volume = 4/3πr3
        =4/3π x 0.253
        = 6.548 x 10 -2 cm3
      2. The area of the patch covered by the oil (2mks)
        Area = πr2
        π x 102
        =314.286cm2
      3. The diameter of the oil molecule (2mks)
        Ax diameter of molecule=volume
        314.286 x d = 6.548 x 10 -2
        D=2.08 x10 -4 cm   
         
    3. State
      1. Any assumption made in (b) (iii) above (1mk)
        The oil is assumed to have spread to thickness of one molecule
      2. Two possible sources of errors in this experiment (2mks)
        • Getting the right oil
        • Measuring drop diameter
        • Measuring diameter of patch
        • Getting drop of a right size (any 2x1=2mks)
  16. The figure shows a conveyor belt transporting a package to a raised platform. The belt is driven by a motor.
    16 aydfytfgdtyad
    The mass of the package is 36 kg. Determine:
    1. The increase in the gravitational potential energy (G.P.E.) of the package when it is raised through a vertical height of 2.4 m. (2 marks)
      • G.P.E=mgh
        =36×10×2.4m
        =864J
    2. The power needed to raise the package through the vertical height of 2.4 m in 4 s (2 marks)
      Power=Workdone
                       time
      =864
          4
      =216W
    3. The electrical power supplied to the motor is much greater than the answer to (b). Explain how the principle of conservation of energy applies to this system. (2 marks)
      The energy is still conserved bit not all energy is used in lifting the load. Some of the energy is used in overcoming friction and also lifting the parts of the conveyor.
    4. Assume that the power available to raise packages is constant. A package of mass greater than 36 kg is raised through the same height. Suggest and explain the effect of this increase in mass on the operation of the conveyer belt. (2 marks)
      The time taken to lift the package through the same height will be longer. This is because the power supplied is constant and work done is directly proportional to the time taken
  17.                      
    1. Explain why a hammer of mass 3kg strikes a nail when moving at 40m/s making the nail sink into wood yet when the same hammer is placed on the nail head, it cannot sink in the wood (1mk)
      Impulse is very high as opposed to the small force
    2. A trolley of mass 20kg moving at 0.6m/s on a frictionless horizontal surface was acted upon by a force of 2.5 N. The resultant velocity of the body was 4.8 m/s. Determine
      1. The change in momentum of the trolley (2mks)
        Change is momentum = mV-mU
        = (4.8 x 20) – (20 x 0.6)
        = 96 -12
        =84kgm/s.
      2. The time interval and the force acted on the body (2mks)
        Ft= change in momentum
        2.5t =84
        t =84/2.5
        =33.6 sec
      3. The acceleration of the trolley (3mks)
        F=Ma
        2.5=20 x a
        a=2.5/20
        =0.125m/s2
    3. A gun of mass 3kg fires a bullet of mass 20g at 600m/s. Calculate the recoil velocity of the gun (3mks)
      Momentum before = momentum after
      0=3 x v +20/1000 x 600
      3v= -6
      V=-2m/s
  18.                  
    1. State the two conditions necessary for a system of forces acting on a body to be in equilibrium. (2 marks)
      • Sum of clockwise moments must equal to sum of anticlockwise moment at a point
      • Total upward force must equal to total downward force
    2. The figure shows a loaded wheelbarrow held in equilibrium by a gardener. The wheel of the wheelbarrow is in contact with the ground at point C
      18 auydguygad
      There are three vertical forces acting on the wheelbarrow P is the upward force applied by the gardener. Q is the upward force of the ground on the wheel at point C.W is the weight of the wheelbarrow and its contents. Explain why the force P is less than the force W
      1. By considering the forces P, Q and W, ( 2 marks)
        The sum of the forces P and Q are the ones equaling to W since the system is at equilibrium
        P+Q=W
      2. By considering the moments of the forces P and W about point C. (2 marks)
        P is less than W since it acting at a longer distance from the pivot C and since the system is at equilibrium P must be smaller
    3. The figure shows a tanker lorry full of liquid. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow
      18c jagduyad
      1. The tanker delivers the liquid and drives away empty. Compare the acceleration of the empty tanker with the acceleration of the full tanker for the same resultant force (2 marks)
        The full tanker will travel at a higher acceleration that the empty tanker for the same resultant force. This is because acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the object or the body
      2. Given that empty tanker has a weight of 50 000 N. The forward force is 6000 N and the total resistive force is 2000N. Determine the acceleration of the tanker (3 marks)
        Net force=6000-2000=4000N
        mass of the tanker=5000kg
        F=ma 4000N=5000×a
        a=4000
            5000
        =0.8 ms -2
  19.        
    1.                         
      1. State the law of floatation (1mk)
        A floating body displaces its own weight of fluid in which floats√1
      2.  Explain why a hollow metal sphere floats on water while a solid metal sphere of the same material sinks in water. (2mks)
        The weight of the solid sphere is more than the weight of the volume of water it displaces hence it sinks √ 1while the weight of the hollow sphere is equal to the weight of the volume of water it displaces hence it floats √1
    2. The figure below shows a uniform block of uniform cross-sectional area of 6.0cm2 floating on two liquids A and B. The lengths of the block in each liquid are shown.
      19 auydguyagda
      Given that the density of liquid A is 800kg/m3 and that of liquid B is 1000kgm-3, determine the:
      1. Weight of liquid A displaced (2mks)
        Weight = vol x density x g
        =6x10-4 x 2x10-2 x 800 x10
        = 0.096 N
      2. Weight of liquid B displaced (2mks)
        Weight =V x ℓ x g
        6x10-4x2x10-2x 1000 x10
        =0.12N
      3. Density of block (3mks)
        Weight of block=weight of fluid displaced
        =1.2 x 10-1+9.6 x10-2
        =2.16 x10-1N
        mass of block= 2.16 x10-1
                                     10
        =2.16 x 10-2 kg
        Density = mass
                       volume
                  2.16 x 10-2
        6 x 10 -4 x 6 x 10 -2
        =600 kg/m3
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