History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - 2021 KCSE Eldoret Diocese Mock Exams

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Questions

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
(Answer all questions in this section)

  1. Define the legitimacy as a characteristic of government. (1mark)
  2. Identify two examples of highland Bantu in Kenya. (2marks)
  3. Give the name of the god worshipped by the Abagusii during the pre-colonial period. (1mark)
  4. State two political functions of the orkoiyot among the Nandi during the 19th Century. (2marks)
  5. Identify one treaty that was signed to end slave trade along the East Africa Coast during the time of Seyyid Said. (1mark)
  6. Give one limitation to the right to start a family in Kenya. (1mark)
  7. Identify one way in which the presidency promotes National Unity (1mark)
  8. State two factors that determine the form of constitution to be adopted in a country. (2marks)
  9. Identify one main aspect of democracy. (1mark)
  10. Name the treaty that marked the end of scramble and partition of East Africa. (1mark)
  11. Give two reasons why Africans were not allowed to grow coffee until 1937. (2mark)
  12. Identify two roles played by Kenya Africa Democratic Union KADU in the struggle for independence. (2marks)
  13. Who is regarded as the father of trade union in Kenya? (1mark)
  14. Outline the composition of the National Security Council. (2mark)
  15. Identify one source of the Nyayo philosophy. (1mark)
  16. Give two conditions that can make a county governor be removed from office under the Kenyan constitution 2010. (2marks)
  17. Identify two types of funds established by the constitution of kenya. (2marks)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)
(Answer any three questions in this section)

  1.          
    1. State five factors that led to migration of the plain Nilotes into Kenya. (5marks)
    2. Explain five effects of the Bantu migration into Kenya. (10marks)
  2.    
    1. State five factors which influenced the Akamba to participate in long distance trade. (5marks)
    2. Explain five factors which promoted the development of the Indian Ocean trade. (10marks)
  3.    
    1. Outline the terms of the Devonshire White Paper of 1923. (5marks)
    2. Explain five problems experienced by the white settlers in
      in Kenya. (10 marks)
  4.    
    1. Give five factors that facilitated industrial development in Kenya since the colonial period. (5marks)
    2. Explain five ways through which the government has encouraged the preservation of African culture since independence. (10marks)

SECTION C (30MARKS)
(ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION)

  1.        
    1. State three symbols of National Unity in Kenya. (3marks)
    2. Explain six importance of National Integration. (12marks)
  2.  
    1.  State three characteristics of a good constitution. (3marks)
    2. Describe the features of the Constitution of Kenya at independence. (12marks)
  3.     
    1. Name the branches of the National Security Organs in Kenya. (3marks)
    2.  Explain six functions of the correctional services in Kenya. (12marks)

Marking Scheme

  1. Define the legitimacy as a characteristic of government. (1mark)
    • Legitimacy means government should be acceptable to the people whom it exercises power or authority. Regular elections enhances legitimacy.
  2.  Identify two examples of highland Bantu in Kenya. (2marks)
    • Akamba.
    • Agikuyu.
    • Ameru.
    • Aembu.
    • Mbeere.
  3. Give the name of the god worshipped by the Abagusii during the pre-colonial period. (1mark)
    • Engoro
  4. State two political functions of the orkoiyot among the Nandi during the 19th Century. (2marks)
    • He advised the council of elders on matters related to running of community affairs.
    • He advised and blessed the warriors before raiding or waging war. He arbitrated inter-clan disputes.
    • He foretold the future on success of war, famine epidemics, drought and other calamities.
  5. Identify one treaty that was signed to end slave trade along the East Africa Coast during the time of Seyyid Said. (1mark)
    • Moresby Treaty.
    • Hammerton Treaty.
    • Frere Treaty
  6. Give one limitation to the right to start a family in Kenya. (1mark)
    • Under-age marriages are not allowed.
    • Same sex marriages are not allowed.
  7. Identify one way in which the presidency promotes National Unity (1mark)
    • The president is the spokesman and international representative of Kenyans.
    • The presidency unifies all Kenyans as it symbolizes the aspirations and hopes of the people.
  8. State two factors that determine the form of constitution to be adopted in a country. (2marks)
    • Historical background of a country.
    • Geographical factors.
    • Religious beliefs of the people.
    • Racial composition.
  9. Identify one main aspect of democracy. (1mark)
    • Political aspect.
    • Social aspect.
    • Economic aspect.
  10. Name the treaty that marked the end of scramble and partition of East Africa. (1mark)
    • Heligoland Treaty/Second Anglo-German treaty 1890.
  11. Give two reasons why Africans were not allowed to grow coffee until 1937. (2mark)
    • Europeans wanted to continue getting cheap African labor for their farms.
    • European settlers did not want to compete with Africans
    • The settlers claimed that Africans did not have the knowledge of growing coffee.
    • The fear that diseases would spread from African farms to the plantations of settlers.
    • European settlers claimed that African farmers would produce low quality coffee due to inadequate resources.
  12. Identify two roles played by Kenya Africa Democratic Union KADU in the struggle for independence. (2marks)
    • It united the minority communities in Kenya e.g the Kalenjin.Luhyia.maasai and coastal communities.
    • It educated/mobilized Africans against the colonial domination.
    • It pressed for the release of Jomo Kenyatta while hoping that he would eventually join on their side.
    • It participated in drawing up the independence constitution in the second Lancaster House Conference.
    • As an opposition party though for a short time, it helped to provide checks on the KANU government.
  13. Who is regarded as the father of trade union in Kenya? (1mark)
    • Thomas Joseph Mboya/Tom Mboya.
  14. Outline the composition of the National Security Council. (2mark)
    • The president.
    • The Deputy president.
    • The cabinet secretary responsible for defense.
    • The cabinet secretary responsible for foreign affairs.
    • The cabinet secretary responsible for internal security.
    • The Attorney General.
    • The Chief of Kenya Defense Forces.
    • The Director-General of the National Intelligence Service.
    • The Inspector -General of the National Police Service.
  15. Identify one source of the Nyayo philosophy. (1mark)
    • Sessional paper No 10 0f 1965 that articulated African socialism which is based on collective responsibility and being mindful of other peoples welfare.
    • The Biblical teachings of the ten commandments summarized as love for God fellow man and one self.
    • Moi’s long political career inspired him to develop the phi Sophy. he realized that nation building requires love.
  16. Give two conditions that can make a county governor be removed from office under the Kenyan constitution 2010. (2marks)
    • Gross violation of the constitution or any other law.
    • When the county governor commits a crime under national or international law.
    • When the governor abuses office or is accused of gross misconduct.
    • When he/she suffers from physical or mental incapacity that hinders performance of the functions of office.
  17. Identify two types of funds established by the constitution of kenya. (2marks).
    • Equalisation Fund.
    • Consolidated Fund.
    • Contingencies Fund.
    • Revenue Funds.
  18.         
    1. State five factors that led to migration of the plain Nilotes into Kenya. (5marks)
      • The need for fresh grazing lands and water for their large herds.
      • Diseases and epidemics that might have afflicted either their flocks or people.
      • Escape from internal attacks.
      • Escape from external attacks.
      • To satisfy their spirit of adventure.
      • Due to population pressure in their cradle land.
      • Drought and famine in their cradle land.
    2. Explain five effects of the Bantu migration into Kenya. (10marks)
      • Bantu migration led to the spread of iron working to other parts of kenya.
      • It led to increased population in the regions where they settled.
      • They increased inter-community conflicts with other groups e.g Oromo, Maasai and Luo of L.Victoria.
      • Trading activities intensified between the Bantu and other communities .
      • It also increased cultural interaction with other communities.
      • Spread of agricultural practices in Kenya e.g. Kwavi group of the Maasai adopted cultivation.
      • Population redistribution e.g the Dorobo moved to forested areas.
      • Displacement of some communities e.g some Eastern cushites were displaced by the Agikuyu from parts of Central Kenya.
      • There were intermarriages e.g Abaluhyia intermarried with the Maasai. Kalenjin and the Luo.
      • Exchange of knowledge and skills. Many Bantu adopted the Age-set and the practice of circumcision from the Southern Cushites.
  19.      
    1. State five factors which influenced the Akamba to participate in long distance trade. (5marks)
      • Most ukambani land had poor soils and unreliable rainfall and therefore not suitable for agriculture/unsuitable environment.
      • The outbreak of famine in ukambani in 1836.
      • Ukambani is centrally placed between the coast and the interior.
      • Presence of able and skillful leaders like chief Kivoi Mwendwa.
      • They had much experience in local and inter-community trade.
      • Presence of well-established trade and caravan routes.
      • Availability of items of trade e.g honey, ivory and gum.
    2. Explain five factors which promoted the development of the Indian Ocean trade. (10marks)
      • Availability of items of trade from East African coast and foreign countries e.g gold, ivory, slaves.
      • There was high demand for the trade items from the coast by consumers from the outside world and the coastal towns.
      • There were enterprising merchants in both the foreign lands and the East African Coast.
      • Local trade existed among the Africans which provided the base upon which the Indian Ocean trade was conducted.
      • Accessibility of the E.A.C by sea was of great importance.
      • The existence of the monsoon winds facilitated the movement of the vessels to and from the coast.
      • Relative peace and stability long the E.A.C.
      • The natural harbors along the coast ensured safe docking of the ships for fueling and offloading supplies.
      • Advancement of ship building industry in Europe.
      • The existence of the Indian Banyans (money lenders) who gave credit facilities enabled many people to join in the trade
  20.               
    1. Outline the terms of the Devonshire White Paper of 1923. (5marks)
      • The white highlands were reserved for European settlement only.
      • Indians would be allowed to elect five members to legco not on a common roll but on a communal roll.
      • Racial segregation was to be abolished in all residential areas.
      • Restriction on Indian immigration was lifted.
      • A nominated missionary was to represent African interests in the legco.
      • The European settler’s demand for self-government in Kenya was rejected.
      • African interests were declared paramount before those of immigration races if there was a conflict.
      • The sellers were to maintain their representation in the legco.
      • The colonial secretary was given mandate to exercise strict control over the affairs of the colony.
    2. Explain five problems experienced by the white settlers in in Kenya. (10 marks)
      • Inadequate labour as Africans refused to work.
      • Constant raids by the local inhabitants.
      • Some of the settlers lacked farming experience.
      • Inadequate capital often hindered procurement of farm inputs.
      • Lack of proper knowledge on farming seasons hence crop failure.
      • There was the problem of poor transport and communication network.
      • Inadequate and unreliable markets for their produce.
      • Pests and diseases were prevalent in the white highlands.
  21.                
    1. Give five factors that facilitated industrial development in Kenya since the colonial era. (5marks)
      • The existence of raw materials such as soda ash at lake Magadi, fluorspar at Kerio Valley and lime in several parts of Kenya.
      • Existence of fish resource from numerous water bodies has promoted the fish processing industry.
      • Existence of expansive forests which provide timber needed in the furniture industry.
      • The rich scenery e.g. Mt Kenya. Mt Elgon, the Aberdares and the rich wildlife has promoted the tourism industry.
      • Kenya’s rivers have enough waters for production of H.E.P
      • Increase in population since the colonial period ensured supply of labour and the market required for industries to flourish.
      • The transport and communication infrastructure have provided the necessary link between the material producing zones, industries and markets.
      • Existence of rich agricultural lands producing raw materials such as coffee, tea, sugarcane and fruits.
    2. Explain five ways through which the government has encouraged the preservation of African culture since independence. (10marks)
      • Creation of the ministry of culture and social services which promoted cultural and social values.
      • The syllabus has been tailored to include cultural studies.
      • Inclusion of music as a subject in the national curriculum
      • The government allows intermarriage between different ethnic groups.
      • The government has developed cultural heritage centers like the Bomas of Kenya, National Archives and Museums.
      • Schools have been encouraged to admit people from different communities.
      • Allowing the media houses to play traditional music/dance.
  22.            
    1. State three symbols of National Unity in Kenya. (3marks)
      • the National flag.
      • Coat of arms.
      • National Anthem.
      • The Public Seal.
    2. Explain six importance of National Integration. (12marks)
      • It promotes rapid social and economic development in a country/enables people to develop a country.
      • Promotes peaceful co-existence of different ethnic groups and races in a country.
      • It helps limit suspicion and enhances security.
      • It enables people tackle problems together as one.
      • It enhances political stability in a country.
      • Promotes collective responsibility among citizens in a country.
      • It makes Kenya to speak with one voice in international for a like UNO.
      • It attracts foreign investors to come and do businesses in the country.
      • It unites Kenya and hence earning herself recognition and can be invited to take part in international activities like peace-keeping missions and being chosen as headquarters of an international agency like UNEP.
  23.   
    1. State three characteristics of a good constitution. (3marks)
      • definite and specific in content.
      • Comprehensive so as to cover all aspects of government.
      • Durable and elastic to avoid being tampered with.
      • Flexible to accommodate changing needs of the society.
      • Able to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of the citizens.
      • Able to give room for amendment and clearly state the procedure for its amendment.
    2. Describe the features of the Constitution of Kenya at independence. (12marks)
      • The executive power lay with the British Queen or Crown who delegated it to the Governor General
      • Parliament was bicameral consisting of two houses: the house of representatives and the senate.
      • It provided for regionalism/malimbes with seven regions each with its own legislative and executive powers.
      • The constitution provided for the protection of the minorities and their rights.
      • The bill of rights was enshrined in the constitution.
      • It provided for an Independent Electoral Commission to oversee free and fair elections.
      • It provides for the post of the prime minister as the head of government.
      • It provided for the party with the majority seats to form the government.
      • It provided for an independent and impartial judiciary for administration of justice.
      • It provided for public service commission to deal with recruitment of public servants so as to promote fairness in service delivery.
  24.        
    1. Name the branches of the National Security Organs in Kenya.
      • The Kenya Defence Forces.
      • The National Intelligence Service.
      • The National Police Service (3marks)
    2. Explain six functions of the correctional services in Kenya. (12marks)
      • They rehabilitate /correct criminals through counselling.
      • They deter criminals from committing crimes.
      • They administer punishment to sentence criminals as prescribed by court of law.
      • They confine prisoners convicted by the courts of law to ensure that the rights and freedoms of the public are protected.
      • They provide vocational training for prisoners e.g. carpentry and masonry.
      • They keep watch over the behaviors of suspected criminals whose cases are still pending in the law courts.
      • They take care of the welfare of prisoners by providing them with the necessary medical attention.
      • They confine suspected dissidents who are a threat to state security.
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