History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - KCSE 2021 Westlands Mock Exams

Questions

Instructions To The Candidates

• This paper consist of three sections; A, B and C
• Answer All the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C

SECTION A (25 Marks)
Answer All questions in this section in the answer booklet provided.

1. Give two classifications of the sources of information on History and Government (2mks)
2. Identify any two coastal Bantus in Kenya (2mks)
3. What is the significance of Eunoto ceremony among the Maasai (1mk)
4. State two similarities in the political organization of the Somali and the Borana during the pre- colonial period (2mks)
5. Name two treaties that were signed to end slave trade along the East African coast (2mks)
6. Identify one technological factor which facilitated the coming of early visitors to the Kenyan coast before 1500 AD (1mk)
7. State two circumstances under which citizenship by birth may be revoked. (2mks)
8. Mention one political cause of conflicts in the society today (1mk)
9. State two challenges encountered during the constitution making process in Kenya (2mks)
10. Name the commission that monitors the rights and freedoms of Kenya citizens (1mk)
11. Give the strategic factor that led to the scramble and partition of East Africa (1mk)
12. Name the two sections of the Luo who collaborated with the British (2mks)
13. Give two ways in which African migration to the urban centers was controlled by the colonial government. (2mks)
14. State one similar grievance of the Taita Hills Association and Ukamba Members Association (1mk)
15. Identify one court in Kenya that exercises both original and appellate jurisdiction (1mk)
16. State one way in which the Kenyan Government has promoted Music and dance in Kenya (1mk)
17. Identify one independent office that monitors expenditure of public finance in Kenya (1mk)

SECTION B: (45 Marks)
Answer any three questions from this section in the answer booklet provided.

18.             
    1. State five reasons for the migration of Highland Nilotes into Kenya (5mks)
    2. Describe the social organization of the Borana during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
19.  
    1. State three reasons why the Akamba participated in the long distance trade. (3mks)
    2. Explain six effects of slave trade on the Africans along the East African Coast. (12mks)
20.  
    1. Give three roles of Mekatilili wa Menza in the Agiriama resistance (3mks)
    2. Explain six reasons why armed resistance in Kenya failed. (12mks)
21.  
    1. State three characteristics of independent churches and schools in Kenya (3mks)
    2. Explain six roles played by African Elected Members Organization (AEMO) on the struggle for independence in Kenya(12mks)

SECTION C: (30 marks).
Answer any two questions from this section in the answer booklet provided.

22.          
    1. Give three categories of persons in Kenya who are entitled to special rights in Kenya. (3mks)
    2. Explain limitations of any six rights and freedoms of Kenya citizens (12mks)
23.      
    1. Give five reasons why parliament is supreme in Kenya (5mks)
    2. Explain five reforms that have been undertaken to improve conditions of correctional service in Kenya (12mks)
24.     
    1. State five challenges encountered by the Kenyan Government during revenue collection (5mks)
    2. Explain five functions of county governments in Kenya (10mks)

Marking Scheme

1. Give two classifications of the sources of information on History and Government
   
   • Unwritten sources
   •  Written sources
   • Electronic sources (2x1=2mks)
2. Identify any two coastal Bantus in Kenya
   
   • Mijikenda
   • Pokomo
   • Taita(2x1=2mks)
3. What is the significance of Eunoto ceremony among the Maasai
   
   • It marked the graduation of the Morans into junior elders (1x1=1mk)
4.  State two similarities in the political organization of the Somali and the Borana during the pre- colonial period
   
   • Both were divided into clans
   • Both had the council of elders who performed many functions
   • Both had age-set system to provide warriors
   •  Both had decentralized system of government (2x1=2mks)
5. Name two treaties that were signed to end slave trade along the coast of East African coast
   
   • Moresby treaty
   • Hammerton Treaty
   • Frere Treaty (2x1= 2mks)
6. Identify one technological factor which facilitated the coming of early visitors to the Kenyan coast before 1500 AD
   
   • Marine technology (Ship building, map reading, compass reading )(1x1=1mk)
7.  State two circumstances under which citizenship by birth may be revoked.
   
   • If its proven that citizenship was acquired through fraud
   •  If its discovered that a person was older than 8 years when found in Kenya
   •  If the nationality/parentage of the citizen becomes known and reveals that the person is a citizen of another country (2x1=2mks)
8. Mention one political cause of conflict in the society today
   
   • Different political ideology
   • Party membership
   • Denying citizens their rights
   • Electoral irregularities (1x1=1mk)
9. State two challenges encountered during the constitution making process in Kenya
   
   • Political interference
   •  Inadequate civic education to the citizens
   • Inadequate funds to facilitate the exercise
   • Few constitutional experts (2x1=2mks)
10. Name the commission that monitors the rights and freedom of Kenya citizens
    
    • The Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission (KNHREC) (1x1=1mk)
11. Give the strategic factor that led to the scramble and partition of East Africa
    
    • The British wanted to protect the source of R. Nile (1x1=1mk)
12. Name the two sections of the Luo who collaborated with the British
    
    • Luo of Gem
    • Luo of Asembo(2x1=2mks)
13. Give two ways in which African migration to the urban centers was controlled by the colonial government.
    
    • Introduction of the Kipande system
    • Head count for those living in urban centers
    • Enacting strict rules in migration to urban centers (2x1=2mks)
14. State one similar grievance of the Taita Hills Association and Ukamba Members Association
    
    • Were against destocking policy
    • Resented land alienation
    • Protested against forced labour
    • They resented taxation (1x1=1mk)
15. Identify one court in Kenya that exercises both original and appellate jurisdiction
    
    • High court
    • Supreme court(1x1=1mk)
16. State one way in which the Kenyan Government has promoted Music and dance in Kenya
    
    • It has fought piracy
    • It has encouraged people to participate in national/ annual music events
    •  Allocates royalties / funds to musicians
    • Training of traditional dances at Bomas of Kenya (1x1=1mk)
17.  Identify one independent office that monitors expenditure of public finances in Kenya
    
    • The office of the controller of budget
    • Office of the auditor General (1x1=1mk)
18.           
    1. State five reasons for the migration of Highland Nilotes into Kenya
       • In search for land for cultivation
       • Were escaping drought and famine
       • Population pressure
       • Outbreak of diseases and epidemics
       • Spirit of adventure
       • Internal feuds
       • External attacks/ conflicts (5mks)
    2. Describe the social organization of the Borana during the pre-colonial period.
       • The Smallest social unit was a family
       • Related families formed a clan
       • They practiced polygamous and exogamous marriage
       • They believed in a supreme being called Wak/Waq
       • They circumcised both boys and girls to form age sets
       • Division of labor was done based on gender
       • They had religious specialists such as medicinemen, priests and prophets
       • Their system of inheritance was patrilineal
       • They had social ceremonies and rituals eg butta and muda (5x2=10mks)
19.        
    1. State three reasons why the Akamba participated in the long distance trade.
       • Geographical position i.e it was centrally placed between the coast and the interior
       • Most parts of Ukambani were dry forcing them to engage into trade
       • They were good hunters and gatherers hence were able to get trade goods
       • Presence of able leaders like chief Kivoi who organized caravans.
       • They had trade links with their neighbors in Agikuyu, Maasai etc hence were able to get trade goods. (3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain six effects of slave trade on the Africans along the East African Coast.
       • Untold suffering and misery as families were separated
       • Led to depopulation in the interior
       • It caused fear and suspicion among communities
       • It increased warfare due to raids
       • It undermined traditional industries
       • It led to the establishment of freed slave centers eg Frere town (6x2= 12mks)
20.    
    1. Give three roles of Mekatilili wa Menza in the Agiriama resistance
       • Administered oaths to unite the people
       • Presented Agiriama grievances to the British
       • Rallied people together against a common enemy
       • Highlighted the role of women in the struggle for independence(3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain six reasons why armed resistance in Kenya failed.
       • Inferior weapons
       • Disunity among African communities
       • Africans were weakened by natural calamities
       • Civil wars among Africans weakened them
       • Africans had weak and untrained Army
       • British got reinforcement from other communities / some communities collaborated(6x2=12mks)
21.       
    1. State three characteristics of independent churches and schools in kenya
       • Accommodated African culture
       • Valued Christianity and western education but were against western influence
       • Were led by mission educated Africans
       • They worked closely with African political Associations (3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain six roles played by African Elected Members Organization (AEMO)on the struggle for independence in Kenya
       • They fought for the release of detained nationalists
       • Provided political education throughout the country
       • Presented African grievances to the colonial government eg welfare
       • Participated in the drafting of the independence constitution
       • Formed national wide political parties ie KANU and KADU that led Kenya to independence
       • Provided training grounds for future leaders ie Kenyatta and Mboya (Any 6x2=12mks)
22.         
    1. Give three categories of persons in Kenya who are entitled to special rights in Kenya.
       • Children
       • Youth
       • Elderly/ Older persons
       • Persons with disabilities
       • The marginalized and minorities
       • Rights of arrested persons
       • Rights of persons detained, held in custody or imprisoned (Any 3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain limitations of any six rights and freedoms of Kenya citizens
       • Right to life can be lost during self defense
       • Freedom of movement can be limited one has a contagious disease
       • Right to own property can be denied if its owned sing fraud means
       • Freedom of speech is denied when one uses hate speech or spreads propagandafor war or publishes obscene materials
       • Right to a family can be limited if he or she marries an under age person/ same sex marriages
       • Freedom of conscience, religion and belief can be denied if one uses it for radicalization or incite people against the government.
         (Any 6x2=12mks)
23.             
    1. Give five reasons why parliament is supreme in Kenya
       • Is the only body that makes and amends laws in Kenya
       • Can remove the president from office by impeachment
       • Can limit the powers of the executive by moving a vote of no confidence in a CS
       • Sermons the Cs to give account and regular reports on the department to the parliament
       • Approves the government’s budget
       • All bills prepared by the cabinet must be legislated by parliament (Any 5x1=5mks)
    2. Explain five reforms that have been undertaken to improve conditions of correctional service in Kenya
       • Better food and medical services
       • Sufficient bedding and clothing
       • Provision of efficient transport eg new vehicles
       • Encourage direct involvement of the government in the affairs of the correctional services
       • Release of petty offenders/ death row inmates who have been in jail for more years and have changed their behavior.
       • Speeding up of hearing of cases to keep inmates in reminds for a shorter time
       • Allowing visits by family members (Any 6x2=12mks)
24.     
    1. State five challenges encountered by the Kenyan Government on revenue collection
       • Tax evasion
       • False information and documentation on taxes
       • Corrupt tax collectors
       • Some Kenyans keep their money in the offshore accounts e.g Swiss banks.
       • Large population of Kenyans are poor hence cannot afford to pay taxes
       • Uncertainty of some taxes e.g VAT
       • Inefficient tax collection structures/ systems
       • There is too much conditions attached to external sources like loans. (Any 5x1=5mks)
    2. Explain five functions of county government in Kenya
       • Promotion of Agriculture
       • Provision of county health services
       • Regulating pollution
       • Facilitating cultural activities, entertainment and amenities
       • Provision of county transport ig roads and street lights
       • Ensure animal control and welfare
       • Promoting trade within the county.
       • Facilitation of county planning and development
       • Handles disaster management
       • Promote and regulate education ie pre-primary, polytechnics and child care levels
       • Controlling drug abuse and pornography
       • Implementing policies on natural resources and environmental conservation. (Any 5x2=10mks)