Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Asumbi Girls Mock Examinations 2022

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• This paper consist of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer all the questions in section A and B.
• Answer any two questions in section C.
• All answers must be written in English.

SECTION A 30 MARKS
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

1. Name four beef breeds of cattle. (2 marks)
2. Name the most appropriate tools used in the following operations(11/2marks)
   
   1. Removing metal chipping in files
   2. Cutting wood along the grains
   3. Branding
3. Give four practices carried out on fish before preservation. (2 marks)
4. Outline four reasons for steaming up a gestating a cow. (2 marks)
5. List four factors considered when selecting eggs for marketing. (2 marks)
6. State three qualities of a good livestock ration. (11/2marks)
7. State four advantages of carrying out raddling in sheep management. (2 marks)
8. State four disadvantages of using a spray race in the farm. (2 marks)
9. List four causes of sterility in dairy cows. (2 marks)
10. List four effects of ticks on livestock bodies. (2marks)
11. State four factors that influence selection of construction materials. (2 marks)
12. Name three farm implements operated by the tractor’s P.T.O shaft. (11/2marks)
13. State four reasons for debeaking in poultry production. (2 marks)
14. Name three breeding diseases controlled through the use of artificial insemination. (11/2marks)
15. Give four characteristics of a good vaccine. (2 marks)
16. State four advantages of Kenya top bar hive in bee keeping. (2 marks)

SECTION B 20 MARKS
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

17. The diagram illustrated below shows a petrol engine fuel system. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
           
    1. Name the parts labelled X, Y and Z. (3 marks)
    2. State the maintenance practice of the following parts;(2 marks)
       1. Fuel tank cap
       2. The carburetor
18. The diagram below shows two methods of handling livestock in the farm. Study them and answer the questions that follow.
          
    1. Identify the methods of handling livestock labelled L and M. (1 marks)
    2. Give two occasions when it may be necessary to carry out the practice labelled L above. (2 marks)
    3. Give two animal conditions under which method L above cannot be used. (2 marks)
19. Below is structure used in poultry production. Use it to answer the questions that follow.
             
    1.  Identify the structure illustrated above. (1 mark)
    2. State the main function of the structure illustrated above. (1 mark)
    3. Give the main function of the following in the structure (3 marks)
       1. Water
       2. Source of heat
       3. Thermometer
20. The diagrams illustrated below shows tools used in the farm. Study the carefully and answer the questions that follow.
            
    1.  Identify the tools labelled P and Q. (2 marks)
    2. State the use of the tools labelled M and N. (2 marks)
    3. Give two ways in which the tools illustrated above depreciate in value. (1 mark)

SECTION C 40 MARKS
ANSWER ONLY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDE AFTER THE QUESTIONS

21.  
    1. Explain ten advantages of battery cage system in poultry rearing. (10 marks)
    2. Outline the procedure of training a calf for bucket feeding. (5 marks)
    3. Outline five signs of tapeworm infestation. (5marks)
22.  
    1. Explain the functional differences between a disc plough and a mould board plough. (8 marks)
    2. Explain eight factors considered when siting farm structures. (8 marks)
    3. Outline four ways in which infectious diseases can spread in livestock production. (4 marks)
23.  
    1. Describe foot rot under the following sub-heading;
       
       1. Animals affected (1 mark)
       2. causal organism (1mark)
       3. Symptoms of attack (4marks)
       4. Control measures (4marks)
    2. Describe the function of various parts of a plunge dip.(10 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A 30 MARKS
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

1. Name four beef breeds of cattle. (2 marks)
   
   • Galloway
     
   • Hereford
     
   • Beef short horns
     
   • Charolaise
     
   • Aberdeen angus
2. Name the most appropriate tools used in the following operations(11/2marks)
   
   1. Removing metal chipping in files
      
      • Wire brush
   2. Cutting wood along the grains
      
      • Rip saw
   3. Branding
      
      • Branding iron
3. Give four practices carried out on fish before preservation. (2 marks)
   
   • Cleaning the fish to remove mud and worms
     
   • Cleaning the abdominal cavity
     
   • Keep fish in open containers
     
   • Remove scales and slime
     
   • Opening the fish on the side to remove gut and the intestines
4. Outline four reasons for steaming up a gestating a cow. (2 marks)
   
   • Hastens foetus growth and development
     
   • Assists in the formation of colostrum
     
   • Provide nutrients for the cow and the developing foetus
     
   • Provides energy required during parturition
5. List four factors considered when selecting eggs for marketing. (2 marks)
   
   • Shape of the eggs
     
   • Colour of the shell
     
   • Size of the eggs
     
   • Cleanliness of the eggs
     
   • Free from abnormalities
6. State three qualities of a good livestock ration. (11/2marks)
   
   • Highly digestible
     
   • Have a balanced nutrient
     
   • Should be highly palatable
     
   • Should be free from contaminations
7. State four advantages of carrying out raddling in sheep management. (2 marks)
   
   • To identify the sire of the lamb
     
   • To identify barren ewes
     
   • To identify infertile rams
     
   • To identify the most fertile ewes
8. State four disadvantages of using a spray race in the farm. (2 marks)
   
   • High operational cost
     
   • Requires high skilled labour
     
   • Only economical with a large herd
     
   • Nozzles tend to clog with dirt in the wash.
9. List four causes of sterility in dairy cows. (2 marks)
   
   • Damaged uterus
     
   • Diseases of reproductive organs
     
   • Blocked fallopian tubes
     
   • Nutrient deficiency
10. List four effects of ticks on livestock bodies. (2marks)
    
    • They suck large volumes of blood causing anaemia
      
    • They lower the quality of hides and skins
      
    • They cause irritation
      
    • They transmit livestock diseases
11. State four factors that influence selection of construction materials. (2 marks)
    
    • Farmers taste and preference
      
    • The cost of the materials
      
    • Workability of the materials
      
    • Durability of the materials
      
    • Availability of the materials
12. Name three farm implements operated by the tractor’s P.T.O shaft. (11/2marks)
    
    • Mowers
      
    • Shellers
      
    • Rotavators
      
    • Forage harvesters
13. State four reasons for debeaking in poultry production. (2 marks)
    
    • To control cannibalism in birds
      
    • To minimize egg eating
      
    • To control toe pecking
      
    • To control feather plucking
14. Name three breeding diseases controlled through use of artificial insemination. (11/2marks)
    
    • Brucellosis
      
    • Trichomoniasis
      
    • Vibriosis
      
    • Vaginitis
      
    • orchitis
15. Give four characteristics of a good vaccine. (2 marks)
    
    • Immunity it produces must be as good as natural immunity
      
    • Should have a long keeping life
      
    • Should be easy to administer to the animal
      
    • Should have no side effects when administered into the animal’s body
      
    • Should be compatible with other vaccines
16. State four advantages of Kenya top bar hive in bee keeping. (2 marks)
    
    • Easy to inspect the hive without disturbing the brood combs
      
    • High quality honey is produced
      
    • Cheap to construct as it uses locally available materials
      
    • Harvesting of honey is easy

SECTION B 20 MARKS
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

17. The diagram illustrated below shows a petrol engine fuel system. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
    
    1. Name the parts labelled X, Y and Z.(3 marks)
       
       • X - fuel tank cap
       • Y - oil filter
       • Z - exhaust pipe
    2. State the maintenance practice of the following parts;(2 marks)
       
       1. Fuel tank cap
          
          • Ensure it is tight without any leakage
       2. The carburetor
          
          • Cleaning it regularly
18. The diagram below shows two methods of handling livestock in the farm. Study them and answer the questions that follow. (229)
    
    1. Identify the methods of handling labelled L and M. (1 marks)
       
       • L - casting
       • M - use of a halter
    2. Give two occasions when it may be necessary to carry out the practice labelled L above. (2 marks)
       
       • During examination
         
       • During castration
         
       • During dehorning
         
       • When branding
    3. Give two animal conditions under which the method L above cannot be used. (2 marks)
       
       • When the animal is in calf
         
       • When the animal is fully fed
19. Below is structure used in poultry production. Use it to answer the questions that follow.
    1. Identify the structure illustrated above. (1 mark)
       
       • An artificial incubator
    2. State the main function of the structure illustrated above. (1 mark)
       
       • It provides an egg with all conditions suitable for embryonic development artificially
    3. Give the main function of the following in the structure (3 marks)
       
       1. Water
          
          • Gives the required relative humidity
       2. Source of heat
          
          • To provide the required warmth
            
       3. Thermometer
          
          • To determine the actual temperature in the incubator
20. The diagrams illustrated below shows tools used in the farm. Study the carefully and answer the questions that follow.
    1.  Identify the tools labelled P and Q. (2 marks)
       
       • P - wood float
       • Q - mason’s trowel
    2. State the use of the tools labelled M and N. (2 marks)
       
       • M
         • harvesting crops such as rice and wheat
         • Cutting grass
         • Cutting back pyrethrum
       • N
         • smoothen concrete and motor
         • Hold motor before it is placed in position
    3. Give two ways in which the tools illustrated above depreciate in value. (1 mark)
       • Tear
       • Wear
       • Obsolescence
       • age

SECTION C 40 MARKS
ANSWER ONLY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDE AFTER THE QUESTIONS

21.  
    1. Explain ten advantages of battery cage system in poultry rearing. (10 marks)
       
       • eggs produced remains clean
         
       • broodiness is discouraged
         
       • many birds are kept per unit area of land
         
       • feed and water are not contaminated
         
       • vices such as cannibalism and egg eating are reduced
         
       • individual egg laying records are kept
         
       • more eggs are produced per bird
         
       • the system requires low labour since it can be mechanized
         
       • easy to clean and disinfect the poultry house
         
       • easy to handle the birds during routine management practices
         
       • less spread of parasites and diseases from one bird to the other
         
       • sick birds are easily identified and treated
    2. Outline the procedure of training a calf for bucket feeding. (5 marks)
       
       • put milk in a clean bucket
         
       • push the calf backward to the corner of the pen
         
       • wash the hands with clean water with disinfectant
         
       • hold the bucket with the left hand, dip the index finger of the right hand into the milk and slowly guide the calf to suck it.
         
       • Ensure the calf’s head is slightly raised during the first few minutes
         
       • Encourage the calf to drink slowly from the bucket
         
    3. Outline five signs of tapeworm infestation. (5marks)
       
       • Anaemic condition
         
       • Swelling on the underside of the jaw
         
       • Segments of the parasites are seen in the faeces
         
       • Po bellied in the young ones
         
       • Excessive appetite in the secondary host
22.  
    1. Explain the functional differences between a disc plough and a mould board plough. (8 marks)
       

       Disc plough	Mouldboard plough
       Can be used in the field with obstacles	Cannot be used in field with obstacles
       Ploughs at varying depth	Ploughs at a uniform depth
       Leaves a rough field	Leaves a clean field
       More secondary operations required	Fewer secondary operations required
       Requires less power to pull	Requires more power to pull
       Not easily broken by obstacles	Easily broken by obstacles
       Works well in the sticky soils	Does not work well in sticky soils
       Does not require constant replacement of parts	Requires constant replacement of parts especially the share

    2. Explain eight factors considered when siting farm structures. (8 marks)
       • The location of the homestead
       • Accessibility
       • Security
       • Drainage
       • Relationship between the structures
       • Farmers taste and preferences
       • Proximity of amenities
       • Topography of the land
    3. Outline four ways in which infectious diseases can spread in livestock production. (4 marks)
       • Contaminated feed and water
       • Insect vectors and contaminated equipment’s
       • Contact with affected animals
       • Open wounds
       • Inhalation pathogens
23.  
    1. Describe foot rot under the following sub-heading;
       1. Animals affected (1 mark)
          • Cattle, sheep, goats
       2. causal organism (1mark)
          • bacteria
       3. Symptoms of attack (4marks)
          • foot becomes swollen
          • lameness is observed
          • presence of pus and rotten smell on foot around hooves
          • emaciation
          • animal lies down when hind quarters are affected
       4. Control measures (4marks)
          • avoid damp and muddy conditions
          • carry out regular foot examination and hoof trimming
          • treat wounds on feet with antiseptics
          • isolation of sick animals
          • keep sheep in dry clean area
    2. Describe the function of various parts of a plunge dip. (10 marks)
       • animal holding-used to hold animals before dipping
       • foot path-to wash the feet of the animal before they get into dip wash
       • dip tank-contains acaricides solution for controlling ticks
       • drying yard- where the animals are held to dry before being released pastures
       • silt-trap –prevent siltation
       • dip tank shelter- prevent evaporation of the dip wash
       • jump-allows the animals to jump singly into dip tank
       • draining race-the dip was from the animal’s body drip off and drains backs to the dip tank
         
       • waste pit-used as dumping site for sediments from the dip tank
       • water tank-used for storing water either from the roof or any other area