Physics Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Alliance Mock Examinations 2022

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QUESTIONS
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
ANSWER ALL OUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

A micrometer screw gauge which had an error of +0.02mm was used to measure the diameter of a spherical marble whose diameter was 3.67mm. Determine the actual reading of the gauge (2 marks)
The figure shows graph of velocity against time for a body in motion for 20 seconds. Study the graph and answer the questions that follow

Describe the motion of the object in the 20 seconds (2 marks)
When a steel ball is allowed to fall freely in a viscous fluid, it is observed to attain terminal velocity after some time. State the reason why the ball attains terminal velocity (1 mark)
A weightless non-uniform rod balanced by two forces of 5N and 4 N. The position of the pivot is at 1.2cm mark. Given that the 5N force is acting at the 0 cm mark while the 4N force is at extreme end.
Determine the length of the rod (2 marks)
The figure shows a bob of mass 100g is suspended using a string of 50cm from a support and swings through a vertical height of 30 cm as shown below:

Give the reason why the amplitude of the pendulum reduces as it continues to oscillate between points A and (1 mark)
A highly inflated balloon bursts when transferred to a hotter environment. Explain this observation using kinetic theory of gases (2 marks)
The figure shows a pulley system that has two pulleys on the lower block and one pulley on the upper block. The system is used to lift a load of 1200N using an effort of 400N. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow

State the purpose of pulley D
The figure shows hot water at same temperature placed in two identical beakers. One beaker is covered using a piece of cloth soaked in methylated spirit while the other is soaked in water. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow

After some time, the thermometer in (ii) recorded a lower temperature. Explain this observation (2 marks)
The figure shows a metal rod used to roll a rock. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow

State with a reason at which point A or B on the metal rod where it is easier to roll the rock (2 marks)
The figure shows two immiscible liquids M and N placed in a u-tube manometer. Liquid M has a density of 0.8g/cm3 while that of N is 1.2g/cm³. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow
The figure shows a light ball placed on a funnel at point marked B

When air is blown from A through to side B it is observed that the ball remains at point B. Explain this observation (3 marks)
The figure shows an extract from a ticker timer (not to scale) obtained from an experiment using a timer of frequency 50Hz

State whether the body is decelerating or not the acceleration of the body whose motion is represented in the tape. (1mark)
The diagram shows an electric heater being used to heat a beaker of water and an identical beaker containing oil. Both are heated for one minute.

The specific heat capacity of water is higher than that of oil. State with a reason the liquid that will have a higher temperature after one minute
The figure shows a pendulum bob suspended by a thread moving in a horizontal circle

Name the forces acting on the pendulum as it moves

SECTION B (55 MARKS)
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

1. The figure shows the graph of velocity against time for a ball bearing released at the surface of viscous liquid
  
  Explain the motion of the ball bearing for parts
  1. OP
  2. PQ
  3. The figure shows a trolley on a smooth surface being pulled by a constant force F
  4. On the axis provided, sketch the velocity-time graph for the motion of the trolley
2. An athlete of mass 64 kg is bouncing up and down on a trampoline. At one moment, the athlete is stationary on the stretched surface of the trampoline as shown in the figure below.
  
  State the form of energy stored due to the stretching of the surface of the trampoline.
3. The stretched surface of the trampoline begins to contract. The athlete is pushed vertically upwards and she accelerates. At time t, when her upwards velocity is 6.0 m/s, she loses contact with the surface. Determine
  1. Her kinetic energy at time t.
  2. The height at which the kinetic energy will be zero
  3. In practice, she travels upwards through a slightly smaller distance than the distance calculated in (ii).Suggest why this is so.
4. The trampoline springs are tested. An extension-load graph is plotted for one spring as shown in the is the graph.
  
  On the same axes sketch a graph of another spring whose spring constant is higher than the trampoline springs
1. State the meaning of the term specific heat capacity (1 mark)
2. The figure shows a set-up that was used to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water.
  
  Study it and answer the questions that follow
  1. State and explain the effect on the reading of the compression balance when the liquid K was heated for some time
  2. Apart from the mass of liquid K state two measurements that need to be taken to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of the liquid
  3. State two sources of errors in the experiment
3. The diagram below shows a set-up used to investigate a particular gas law. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow
  1. State with a reason which gas law is being experimented by the set-up
  2. Name the two factors that are held constant in the experiment
  3. Give the reason why heating is done through a water bath
1. State the law of flotation,
2. The figure shows a rectangular metal block of density 10800kgm and dimensions 80cm x 30cm x 30cm suspended inside a liquid of density 800kgm by a string attached to a point above the liquid. The three forces acting on the block are; the tension, T, on the string, the weight, W of the block and the up thrust, U, due to the liquid.
  
  Write the expression relating to T, Wand U when the block is in equilibrium inside the liquid. (1 mark)
3. The figure shows a system at equilibrium. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
  
  Determine the
  1. The apparent weight of solid Q immersed in liquid X
  2. Volume of the solid given that the density of the liquid is 0.8g/cm³ and the weight in air of solid Q is 60N (Take g=10N/kg)
  3. The figure shows a solid block B floating on water at 1°C.
    
    When water is heated to 4°C, it is observed that the portion of the block that floats increases. Explain this observation
4. The figure shows the same metal block weighed in air, liquid X and water. The reading of the level of
  water becomes 150cm when the metal is fully immersed. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow
  Density of water 1000 kg/m³
  
  Determine
  1. The volume of the metal block
  2. The density of the metal block
  3. The water level before the metal block was immersed in the water
The figure shows a trolley of weight 20N pulled by a force of 4N from the bottom to the top of an inclined plane at uniform speed
1. State the value of the force acting downwards along the inclined plane
2. Explain how the value in the question above is obtained
  1. Mechanical; advantage
  2. Velocity ratio
  3. Efficiency
1. When a bus goes round a bend on a flat road, it experiences a centripetal force. State what provides the centripetal force
2. A student whirls a stone of mass 0.2kg tied to a string of length of 0.4m in a vertical plane at constant speed of 2 revolutions per second take acceleration due to gravity as 10ms)
  1. Apart from tension name the other force acting on the stone when it is at the highest point (1 mark)
  2. Determine
    1. Angular velocity of the stone
    2. Tension in the string when the stone is at the highest point

MARKING SCHEME

Actual reading = reading + positive zero error
3.67 -0.02
3.65 mm
The body decelerates uniformly from 40m/s to Om/s in the first 10 seconds then accelerate uniformly to 20m/s but in the opposite direction
The ball attains terminal velocity because the total upward force acting on the ball equals to the total downward force
5 x 1.2 = 4(x-1.2)
6 = 4x - 4.8
4x= 10.8
x =2.4
B - Due to air resistance or friction in air thereby reducing the amplitude of the pendulum 6. A highly inflated balloon bursts when transferred to a hotter environment. Explain this observation using kinetic theory of gases
Rise in temperature increase the kinetic energy Ivelocity of gas particle. More collisions between gas particles and the walls of the balloon increases the rate of change of momentum hence increase in pressure causing the balloon to burst
To change the direction of the effort
After some time, the thermometer in (ii) recorded a lower temperature. Explain this observation (2 marks) Methylated spirit evaporates faster than water; hence it takes away heat from the hot water faster than water.
Point B since the perpendicular distance from the pivot is longer hence greater moment of force will be acting on the rock.
4 x 800 x 10 = h x 1200 x 10
100
h = 0.04 x 800 x 10
1200 x 10
h = 2.667cm
When air is blown from A through to side B it is observed that the ball remains at point B. Explain this observation (3 marks) When air is blown from the narrow section, the pressure becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure acting from the wider section since air flows at a higher velocity in the narrow section than in the wider section. Greater atmospheric pressure therefore pushes the ball to remain at point B
The body is accelerating
Oil will have a higher temperature.
Lower specific heat capacity of oil means with the same heat energy as that of water the temperature change will be greater
Or
Temperature change is inversely proportional to the specific heat capacity of a substance
Tension force
Weight of the bob
1. 1. The ball bearing is accelerating uniformly into the fluid. The total downward force is greater than up thrust acting on the ball (2 marks)
  2. The ball attains constant velocity/terminal velocity. The ret force acting on the body equals to zero/ the total upward force acting on the ball equals to the total downward force iii. The figure shows a trolley on a smooth surface being pulled by a constant force F
2. Elastic potential energy
3. 1. K.E = ½mv²
    K.E = 64 x 6²
    2
    = 1152
  2. K.E = mgh
    1152 = 64 x 10 x h
    h = 1.8m
  3. This is due to the effect of air resistance
1. This refers to the amount of heat that is required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one kelvin
2. 1. The reading of the balance decreases. This is because the liquid will change to steam or evaporate and therefore reducing the mass on the balance
  2. Time taken
    Voltmeter reading
    Ammeter reading
  3. Taking reading from the instruments
    Some heat energy was lost to the atmosphere reading from the alppia instruments.
3. 1. Pressure law since it can measure pressure and temperature
  2. Mass of the gas
    Volume of the gas
  3. To ensure uniform distribution of heat
1. Floating body displaces its own weight of the fluid on which it fioats.
2. T+U=W
  оr
  W = T +U
3. 1. F1d1 = F2d2
    For a system at equlibrium
    60N x 0.45 = 0.5 x F2
    F2 - Apparent weight=54N
  2. Upthrust = 60N - 54N-6N
    6N = vpg
    6N = v x 800 x 10
    v = 7.5 x 10^-4m³
  3. When water is heated from 2°C to 4°C water contracts and therefore the density of water increases the block rises further to displace less volume of water. Up thrust remains constant because the weight of the block remains
4. 1. Upthrust in water = 2.0-1.6N = 0.4N
    Weight of water displaced = Upthrust
    vpg = 0.4N
    v x 1000 x 10 = 0.4N
    v = 40cm^-3
  2. Density of metal block = Mass of block
    Volume of metal block
    Mass of the block= 2N/10 x 1000 = 200g
    200g
    40cm^-3
    = 5gcm^-3
  3. Water level before = 150cm³ - 40cm³
    = 110cm³
1. 4N
2. Since the trolley is moving at uniform speed the effort equal to frictional force + e)
3. 1. M.A = ^L/_E^20N/_4N
  2. V.R = Effort distance
    Load distance
    = ⁴⁰/₅
    = 8
  3. Efficiency = ^M.A/_V.R x 100
    ⁵/₈ x 100
    = 62.5%
1. Frictional force between the tyres and the surface of the road
2. 1. The weight of the body
  2. 1. w = 2πf
      = 2 x 3.14 x 2
      = 12.568 Rad s^-1
    2. Tension at the highest point = mrw² - mg
      = 0.2 x 12.568 Rad s^-1x 0.4 - 0.2 x 10
      = 10.636N