History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Bondo Joint Mocks Exams 2022

Questions

Instructions to candidates

• This paper consists of three sections; A, B and C.
• Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.
• Answers to all the questions must be written in the attached sheets.

SECTION A (25 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section

1. What is the significance of Rusinga Island to the history of Kenya? (1 mark)
2. Name two sub-tribes of the Ameru community in Kenya. (2 marks)
3. State the main evidence that the Chinese traders reached the East African coast. (1 mark)
4. Identify the main cause of disagreement between the two Arab families at the East African Coast. (1 mark)
5. State two reasons why the Maasai kept large herds of cattle. (2 marks)
6. State two ways in which the constitution of Kenya promotes National Unity. (2 marks)
7. Name the court that tries presidential election petitions in Kenya. (1 mark)
8. Give the main type of constitution used in Kenya. (1 mark)
9. Identify two groups that monitor human rights in Kenya. (2 marks)
10. Give two forms of resistance by Kenyans against the British colonial rule. (2 marks)
11.  Identify the Kenyan community which had centralized system of government. (1 mark)
12. Name educational commissions established in the colonial Kenya. (2 marks)
13. Give the main reason for the formation of Kenya African Development Union. (KADU). (1 mark)
14. Define the “ Harambee spirit” (1 mark)
15. State two levels of government in Kenya. (2 marks)
16. Identify the Key constitutional amendment made in 1982 to the Kenyan constitution. (1 mark)
17.  State two types of expenditure in Kenya. (1 mark)

SECTION B: (45 Marks)
Answer any THREE questions from this section.

18.      
    1. Identify three economic reasons for the migration and settlement of the Maasai. (3 marks)
    2. Discuss the social organization of the Mijikenda during pre-colonial period. (12 marks)
19.  
    1. Identify five factors that facilitated contact between Kenyan coast and the outside world. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the decline of the Portuguese rule at the coast. (10 marks)
20.  
    1. Identify the methods used by colonial government to acquire land for European settlers. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five reasons why Kenyan farmers were not allowed to grow coffee. (10 marks)
21.   
    1. State three characteristics of early political organizations up to 1939. (3 marks)
    2.  Explain six problems encountered by the Trade Union movement in Kenya during the colonial period. (2 marks)

SECTION C: (30 MARKS)
Answer any TWO questions from this section

22.      
    1. Identify five elements to of good citizenship in Kenya. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five rights of arrested persons. (10 marks)
23.  
    1. Identify the five electoral officials in Kenya. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five functions of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (10 marks)
24.  
    1. State three sources of revenue for the National government. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the constitution regulates public finance and expenditure.(12 marks)

Marking Scheme

1. What is the significance of Rusinga Island to the history of Kenya (1mk)
   
   •  Is the site on which the remains of Dryopithecus/the procunsol/man were found (1x1 = 1mk)
2. Name two sub-tribes of the Ameru community in Kenya (2mks)
   • Tigania
   • Gembe
   • Chuka
   • Tharaka
   • Egoji/igoji
   • Nkubu/ngubu (2x1= 2mks)
3. State the main evidence that the Chinese traders reached the East Africa Coast (1mk)
   • Remains of Chinese coins (1x1 = 1mk)
4. Identify the main cause of disagreement between the two Arab families at the East African Coast (1mk)
   • The Nebahan family demanded independence from the Mazrui (1x1= 1mk)
5. State the reasons why the Maasai kept herds of cattle in the pre-colonial Kenya (2mks)
   • Payment of dowry/bride price
   • source of food e.g. meat, milk and blood
   • item of trade/measure of wealth
     (1x1 = 1mk)
6. State two ways in which the constitution of Kenya promotes National Unity (2mks)
   • Guarantees equal opportunities to all Kenyans
   • Protects each individual against discrimination
   • It is binding to all
     (2x1 = 2mks)
7. Name the court that tries presidential election petitions in Kenya (1mk)
   • The supreme court (1x1 = 1mk)
8. Give the type of constitution used in Kenya (1mk)
   • Written constitution (1x1 = 1mk)
9. Identify two groups that monitor human rights in Kenya (2mks)
   • The police
   • lawyers/judges
   • intellectuals e.g. teachers
   • the clergy
   • Kenya national Human Rights and Equality Commission (KNHREC)
     (2x1 = 2mks)
10. Give two form of resistance by Kenyans against the British colonial rule
    • Passive resistance
    • Active resistance (2x1 = 2mks)
11. Identify the Kenyan community which had a centralized system of government (1mk)
    • The wanga (1x1 = 1mk)
12. Name two educational commissions established in the colonial Kenya (2mks)
    • Phelps stokes commission
    • Fraser commission (2x1 = 2mks)
13. Give the main reason for the formation of Kenyan Africa Development Union (KADU) (1mk)
    • to reduce the Kikuyu – Luo dominance in politics of Kenya (1x1 = 1mk)
14. Define the “Harambee spirit”(1mk)
    • Pool collection /gathering resources together to achieve a common goal(1x1 = 1mk)
15. State two levels of government in Kenya (2mks)
    • National government
    • County government (2x1 = 2mks)
16. Identify the key constitutional amendment made in 1982 to the Kenya constitution (1mk)
    • Repeal of section 2A (1x1 = 1mk)
17. State two types of expenditure in Kenya (2mks)
    • Capital expenditure
    • recurrent expenditure (2x1 = 2mks)
18.      
    1. Identify three economic reasons for the migration and settlement of the Maasai (3mks)
       • In search of fertile land
       • in search of water and pasture
       • to escape calamities e.g. drought and famine
         (3x1 = 3mks)
    2. Discuss the social organization of the Mijikenda during pre-colonial period (12mks)
       • they believed in the existence of one supreme being (Mulungu)
       • Had sacred places of worship e.g. shrines
       • they initiated the youth by circumcision
       • marriage was polygamous & exogamous
       • labour was divided according to gender
       • had traditional religious specialists e.g rain makers
       • believed in the existence of ancestral spirits (6x2 = 12mks)
19.  
    1. Identify the factors that facilitated contact between the Kenyan coast and the outsideworld (5mks)
       • presence of the monsoon wind
       • accessibility to the sea
       • political stability along the coas
       • deep natural habours (5x1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the decline of the Portuguese rule at the coast (10mks)
       • Competition from other European countries
       • Assistance of the coastal communities by the Turks
       • Delayed reinforcement from Portugal
       • Attack by tropical diseases that killed many of them
       • inadequate personnel
       • annexation of Fort Jesus by the Arabs
       • Portugal was a small country
       • civil war in Portugal hence the shift of attention
         (5x2 = 10mks)
20.    
    1. Identify five methods used by colonial government to acquire land for European settlers (5mks)
       • alienation of African lands
       • Through legislation to lease
       • forceful eviction to the reserves
       • using trading companies
       • using the missionaries to pacify Africans
       • use of treachery (5x1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five reasons why Kenyan farmers were not allowed to grow coffee(10mks)
       • fear of spread of diseases to settler farms
       • That African grown coffee would lower the quality of Kenyan coffee in the world market.
       • It was believed that the Kenyans did not have adequate skills to do so.
       • So as to acquire cheap labour in the settler farms
       • To avoid unnecessary competition in the market.
         (5x2 = 10mks)
21.   
    1. State three characteristics of early political organizations up to 1939 (3mks)
       • they were ethnic based
       • led by African educated young men
       • had similar grievances
       • did not attract large membership
       • supported by the Asians
         (3x1 = 3mks)
    2. Explain six problems encountered by the Trade Union movement in Kenya during the colonial period (12mks)
       • colonial harassment and victimization
       • leadership wrangles
       • personality difference among the leaders
       • inadequate finance for smooth operations
       • increased ignorance/illiteracy among Kenyans
       • incompetent/inadequate leadership
         (6x2 = 12mks)
22.    
    1. Identify five elements of good citizenship in Kenya (5mks)
       • Respect for others
       • obedience to the law
       • participation in development projects
       • loyal patriotic
       • practice integrity/honesty
       • report law breakers to the relevant authorities
         (5x1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five rights of arrested persons (10mks)
       • Be informed of the reason for arrest
       • to communicate with advocate
       • not to be compelled to give self-incriminating statements
       • be brought before a court of law as soon as possible
       • be released on bail/bond
       • not to be held together with persons serving a sentence
       • right to remain silent
       • right to be informed of the consequences of remaining silent (5x2 = 10mks)
23.     
    1. Identify five electoral officials in Kenya (5mks)
       • presiding officers/deputy presiding officers
       • returning officers
       • security personnel
       • counting clerks
       • poling clerks
       • Election observers
       • Electoral directors
       • commission secretary/deputy commission secretar
       • Constituency Election co-ordinators
       • County Election Managers
         (5x1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five functions of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (10mks)
       • conducting and supervising elections and referendum
       • registration of voters
       • maintenance of the voters roll
       • delimitation the boundaries of wards and constituencies
       • regulates the parties’ nomination process
       • settles electoral officials before the declaration of the results
       • observe, monitor and supervises the election process
       • conducts voter education/civic education
       • regulates the amount of money used by or on a candidate for campaigns
         (5x2 = 10mks)
24.   
    1. State three sources of revenue for the National government (3mks)
       • income tax
       • exercise tax
       • donations//grants
       • loans
       • sale/disposal of public assets
         (3x1 = 3mks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the constitution regulates public finance and expenditure (12mks)
       • the auditor general predicts the use of public funds
       • the controller of budgets oversees the implementation of the budget
       • the national Assembly approved the national budget before its implementation
       • The constitution has created the ethic and anti-corruption commission to investigate and report any corrupt dealings
       • The use of x-ray scanners at the port of Mombasa to curb tax evasion
       • Through the initiation of the procurement and disposal act
         (6x2 = 12mks)