Biology Paper 1 Questions and Answers - MECS Cluster Joint Mock Exams 2021/2022

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BIOLOGY
PAPER 1

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

  • Write your name and admin number in the spaces provided above
  • Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above
  • Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided
  • This paper consists of 8 printed pages
  • Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed and that no questions are missing

 

  1. Name the product of anaerobic respiration that is essential in: (2marks)
    1. The brewing industry
    2. The bread making industry
  2.     
    1. What part of the human body is affected by the virus that causes poliomyelitis? (1mark)
    2. What is a vaccine? (1 mark)
    3. Other than poliomyelitis name another immunizable disease in Kenya (1mark)
  3. A student mixed a sample of urine from a person with Benedict’s solution and heated, the colour changed to orange.
    1. What was present in the urine sample? (1 mark)
    2. What did the student conclude on the health status of the person? (1mark)
    3. Which organ in the person may not be functioning properly (1mark)
  4. Study the diagram below of a neuron in human being.
    BioMEcp1q4
    1. Identify the type of neurone. (1mark)
    2. Name the parts labelled A and B. ( 2 mks)
      1.           
      2.         
    3. On the diagram indicate the direction of movement of a nerve impulse along the neuron (1 mark)
  5. In an experiment, it was observed that when maggots are exposed to light, they move to dark areas. On the other hand, Euglena and Chlamydomonas move towards light.
    1. Name the type of response exhibited by the organisms (1mark)
    2. State one advantage of the response shown by Euglena and Chlamydomonas (1mark)
  6.           
    1. Name two features used to group organisms in the phylum Arthropoda into classes. (2marks).
    2. Name three economic importance of organisms in kingdom Fungi. (3marks)
  7. Name three tissues responsible for secondary growth in flowering plants. (3marks)
  8. A certain plant was found to have 22 chromosomes in its calyx cells. State the number of chromosome present in: (2marks)
    1. Egg cell
    2. Endosperm cell
  9. The diagram below shows an apparatus used during collection of specimen
    BioMEcp1q9
    1. Identify the apparatus (1mark)
    2. What is the use of the apparatus named above (1 mark)
  10. A DNA strand has the following base sequence G C C T A G A T C A C
    What is the sequence of the:
    1. Complementary DNA strand (1 mark)
    2. m-RNA strand copied from this DNA strand (1 mark
  11. Phagocytes, also called granulocytes or polymorphs are cells found in the blood where they ingest pathogens and cell debris
    1. Why are they called polymorphs? (1 mark)
    2. Name the cell organelle most abundant in phagocytes to enable them function effectively (1 mark)
  12.        
    1. State three evidence of organic evolution. (3marks)
    2. Explain why continuous use of antibiotics results to resistance. (2marks)
  13. State three biotic factors that could affect a zebra living in the Nakuru National Park. (3marks)
  14. List three methods used to show energy flow through the ecosystem. (3 marks)
  15. Name three organelles that would be abundantly present in secretory cells (3 marks)
  16. Name the part of the seed whose growth brings about epigeal germination. (1 mark)
  17. State three aspects of light that affect the rate of photosynthesis. (3 marks)
  18.          
    1. State two environmental problems that can be solved by studying biology. (2 marks)
    2. State two characteristics of organisms that are easily observed in both animals and plants. (2marks)
  19. A student smeared the abdomen of a locust with Vaseline.
    1. What were the likely results after ten minutes? (1 mark)
    2. Account for the results obtained above. (2marks)
    3. When the locust blood was analysed it was found that the blood does not have blood pigments such as haemoglobin. Explain (2marks)
  20. Name the causative agents of the following diseases:
    1. Cholera (1 mark)
    2. Malaria (1 mark)
  21. Name the only epidermal cell in plants that contain chloroplast (1 mark)
  22. Name two end products of the dark stage of photosynthesis. (2 marks)
  23. Name the fins that prevent the following movements of fish during swimming (3marks)
    1. Yawing
    2. Pitching
    3. Rolling
  24. The scientific name of a bean is Phaseolus vulgaris. What do these names represent?
    1. Phaseolus (1 mark)
    2. vulgaris (1mark)
  25.        
    1. Name the process by which urea is formed in the liver (1mark)
    2. Name one class of animals that excrete their nitrogenous waste product mainly in the form of uric acid. (1mark)
  26. State two functions of sweat in the human body (2marks)
  27. Name two vitamins which their absence in the diet may cause a dental disease called gingivitis (2marks)
  28. State three reasons why Drophila melanogaster is preferred for genetic study. (3marks)
  29.             
    1. Explain what would happen to a plant cell if it is placed in a concentrated salt solution. (3marks)
    2. How can plasmolysis be reversed? (1mark)

MARKING SCHEME

  1. Name the product of anaerobic respiration that is essential in: (2marks)
    1. The brewing industry
      • Ethanol
    2. The bread making industry
      • Carbon (IV)Oxide
  2.           
    1. What part of the human body is affected by the virus that causes poliomyelitis? (1mark)
      • Joint/muscles

    2. What is a vaccine? (1 mark)
      • A substance rich in weakened antigens.

    3. Other than poliomyelitis name another immunizable disease in Kenya (1mark)
      • Measles; whooping cough; diphtheria; tetanus;

  3.  A student mixed a sample of urine from a person with Benedict’s solution and heated, the colour changed to orange.
    1. What was present in the urine sample? (1 mark)
      • Glucose

    2. What did the student conclude on the health status of the person? (1mark)
      • The patient was suffering from diabetis mellitus

    3. Which organ in the person may not be functioning properly (1mark)
      • Pancreas

  4. Study the diagram below of a neurone in human being.
    1. Identify the type of neurone. (1mk)
      • Motor neurone

    2. Name the parts labeled. A and B. ( 2 mks)
      1. Axion
      2. Schwan cell

    3. On the diagram indicate the direction of movement of a nerve impulse along the neurone (1 mk )
      BioMEcp1qa4
  5. In an experiment, it was observed that when maggots are exposed to light, they move to dark areas. On the other hand , Euglena and Chlamydomonas move towards light.
    1. Name the type of response exhibited by the organisms (1mk)
      • Phototactic/ Phototaxis/ Phototaxism;

    2. State one advantage of the response shown by Euglena and Chlamydomonas (1mk)
      • To trap light energy for use in photosynthesis;

  6.         
    1. Name two features used to group organisms in the phylum Arthropoda into classes. (2marks).
      • Number of legs
      • number of body parts
      • presence and number of antennae
      • type of eyes any two 2 marks

    2. Name three economic importance of organisms in kingdom Fungi. (3marks)
      • Manufacture drugs
      • used in baking and brewing
      • food spoilage
      • source of food
      • causes diseases
      • causes food poisoning any two 2 mks

  7. Name three tissues responsible for secondary growth in flowering plants. (3mks)
    • Vascular cambium ;
    • Cork cambium ;
    • Intercalary meristem ;

  8. A certain plant was found to have 22 chromosomes in its calyx cells. State the number of chromosomes in the plants :- (2mks)
    • Egg cell……………..11 chromosomes ;
    • Endosperm cell …….33 chromosomes

  9. The diagram below shows an apparatus used during collection of specimen
    1. Identify the apparatus [1mk]
      • Pitfall trap

    2. What is the use of the apparatus named above
      • For catching crawling animals

  10. A DNA strand has the following base sequence G- C-T-A-G- A-T-C-A-C . What is the sequence of the
    1. Complementary DNA strand [1mk]
      • C-G-G-A-T-C-T-A-G-T-G

    2. M-RNA strand copied from this DNA strand [1mk]
      • C-G-G-A-U-C-U-A-G-U-G

  11. Phagocytes also called granulocytes or polymorphs are cells found in the blood where they ingest pathogens and cell debris
    1. why are they called polymorphs. [1mk]
      • They have lobed nuclei

    2. Name the cell organelle most abundant in phagocytes to enable them function effectively [1mk
      • Lysosomes

  12.           
    1. State three evidence of organic evolution. (3marks)
      • Fossil records geographical distribution of organism comparative anatomy cell biology comparative serology comparative embryology any three 3 marks

    2. Explain why continuous use of antibiotics results to resistance. (2marks)
      • the antibiotic destroys the normal forms; of the bacteria while the mutant forms survive; when bacteria are exposed to antibiotics they become adapted to living in the presence of the drug; the gene is passed to the offspring therefore establishing a population of drug resistance;

  13. State three biotic factors that could affect a zebra living in the Nakuru National Park (3 marks)
    • Competition;
    • Predator_ prey relationships; Acc Predation
    • Diseases;
    • Parasitism;

  14. List three methods used to show energy flow through the ecosystem. (3 marks)
    • Food chain;
    • Foodweb;
    • Ecological pyramids; Acc Pyramid of number/pyramid of biomass

  15. Name three organelles that would be abundantly present in secretory cells (3 marks)
    • Endoplasmic reticulum;
    • Golgi apparatus;
    • Mitochondria;

  16. Name the part of the seed whose growth brings about epigeal germination. (1 mark)
    • Hypocotyl;

  17. State three aspects of light that affect the rate of photosynthesis. (3 marks)
    • Duration;
    • Quality;
    • Intensity;
  18.              
    1. State two environmental problems that can be solved by studying biology. (2 marks)
      • Drought;
      • Conservation of resources;
      • Pollution;
      • Food shortage;
      • Poor health;

    2. State two characteristics of organisms that are easily observed in both animals and plants. (2marks)
      • Reproduction
      • Growth and development

  19. A student smeared the abdomen of a locust with Vaseline.
    1. What were the likely results after ten minutes? (1 mark)
      • The locust would die; Acc suffocation

    2. Account for the results obtained above. ( 2marks)
      • Vaseline blocks the spiracles; no inhalation;

    3. When the locust blood was analysed it was found that the blood does not have blood pigments such as haemoglobin. Explain (2marks)
      • Does not have red blood cells

  20. Name the causative agents of the following diseases:
    1. Cholera (1mark)
      • Vibrio cholerae

    2. Malaria (1mark)
      • Plasmodium species; Acc correct example of plasmodium species

  21. Name the only epidermal cell in plants that contain chloroplast [1mk]
    • Guard cells

  22. Name two end products of the dark stage of photosynthesis. (2 marks)
    • glucose/fructose
    • fatty acid and glycerol
    • amino acid any two 2 marks
  23.           
    1. Dorsal and ventral;
    2. Pectoral and pelvic;
    3. Dorsal;

  24. The scientific name of a bean is Phaseolus vulgaris. What do the names represent?
    1. Phaseolus genus; (1 mark)
    2. vulgaris species ; (1mark)
           
  25.                   
    1. Name the process by which urea is formed in the liver (1mark)
      • Deamination;

    2. Name one class of animals that excrete their nitrogenous waste product mainly in the form of uric acid.
      • Aves,/ Insecta, /Reptilia; any one (1mark)

  26. State two functions of sweat in the human body (2marks)
    • Cooling; excretion;

  27. Name two vitamins of which their absence in the diet may cause a dental disease called gingivitis (2marks)
    • A and C

  28. State three reasons why Drophila melanogaster is preferred for genetic study. (3marks)
    • Faster maturity
    • Produce many offsprings
    • Has many sharply contrasting characteristics
    • Can be reared easily in the lab
    • Doesn’t transmit any diseases (safe to handle) any three 3 marks
  29.              
    1. Explain what would happen to a plant cell if it is placed in a concentrated salt solution. (3marks)
      • The plant cell will lose water by osmosis; the vacuole will shrink; the cell membrane will pull away from the cell wall; the cell will become plasmolysed;

    2. how can plasmolysis be reversed? (1mark)
      • placing the plasmolysed cell in distilled water/hypotonic solution.
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