Agriculture Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Sunrise Evaluation Pre Mock Exams 2021

Share via Whatsapp

Instructions to candidates

  1. Write your name and index in the spaces provided above
  2. Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above
  3. This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
  4. Answer all the questions in sections A and B.
  5. Answer any two questions in section C
  6. All answers should be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.

For Examiner’s Use Only

section  question  maximum score  candidates score 
 A  1-20  30  
 B  21-26  40  
 C  27-29  20  
 TOTAL SCORE    90  


QUESTIONS

  1. State two methods which can be used to detect mineral deficiency in crops. (1mk)
  2. State two conditions under which shifting cultivation is favourable.(1mk)
  3. State two conditions under which seeds are seeded at a high seed rate. (2mks)
  4. State three ways in which trees improve soil fertility. (1 1/2 mks)
  5. Give three causes of hardpans in cultivation.  (1 1/2 mks)
  6. Under what two conditions does opportunity cost not exist?  (1mk)
  7. Give two roles of additives in silage making.  (1mk)
  8. Outline four advantages of mixed farming.  (2mks)
  9. Give three reasons why bulbils make good planting materials than suckers.(2mks)
  10. Give three reasons why agriculture is defined as a science. (1 1/2 mks)
  11. Give four characteristics of large scale farming system.  (2mks)
  12. State four farming practices which help to improve soil structure. (2mks)
  13. Give four effects of top dressing on a pasture. (2mks)
  14. What are the two reasons for innoculating legume seeds before planting (1mk)
  15. State two advantages of carrying out pruning in banana production.(1mk)
  16. In maize hybrid 614 what do the following figures stand for? (1mk)
    1. 6……………………………………………………………………………………
    2. 4…………………………………………………………………………………….
  17. Give two ways in which pastures are classified.(1mk)
  18. Name four practices carried out to improve and maintain permanent pasture. (2mks)
  19. Give four advantages of tissue culture. (2mks)
  20. Give three stages of controlling devils horsewhip by mechanical means.  (1½ marks)

SECTION B

  1. The diagram below shows a set up of apparatus for finding the percentage of humus contents in a soil by ignition.
    agri 21 jhygayda
    1. Label the apparatus. (2 marks)
      I ……………………………………………………………………………………………
      II …………………………………………………………………………………………...
      III …………………………………………………………………………………………..
      IV …………………………………………………………………………………………...
    2. Outline the steps followed in carrying out the illustrated experiment. (3 marks)
      agri 22 jvghaygtda
  2.                        
    1. Identify the weeds above. (2 marks)
      G ……………………………………………………………………………
      H ……………………………………………………………………………
    2. State the economic importance of the weed shown in diagram G. (2 marks)
    3. Why is it difficult to control weed in diagram G? (1 mark)
  3. Study the pest below and answer the questions below.
    agri 23 hgaytdga
    1. Identify the pest (1 mark)
    2. State two methods of controlling the pest. (2 marks)
    3. Name the crops attacked by the pest. (2 marks)
  4. The diagram below illustrates a field management practices in tomatoes
    agri 24 utfaytfgda
    1. Identify the practice (1 mark)
    2. State three reasons for carrying out the practice. (3 marks)
    3. Give another practice that could be carried out to give the same results. (1 mark)
  5. Study the diagram below then answer the questions that follow:
    agri 25 mjgajygda
    1. Identify the method of drainage above. (1mk)
    2. State other three methods used to drain swampy areas. (3mks)
    3. Give four importance of drainage. (4mks)
  6. Study the processes of chemical water treatment below and answer the questions that follow:
    agri 26 uyauygda 
    1. Identify the parts labeled: (2mks)
      A ……………………………………………………………………………………….
      B ……………………………………………………………………………………….
      C ……………………………………………………………………………………….
      D ………………………………………………………………………………………
    2. State two chemical substances added at part labeled B and give their functions. (2mks) 
    3. State two factors which influence the quantity of the chemical used in part labeled D. (2mks) 
    4. State three uses of water in crop production. (3 mks)
    5. State three types of production functions in agriculture. (3mks) 

SECTION C (20MKS)

  1.              
    1. Describe the cultural methods of weed control in crop production. (10mks)
    2. Describe the harmful effects of pests on crops (10mks)
    1. Discuss the human factors which influence agriculture. (10 marks)
    2. Explain five factors to consider when choosing the planting time. (10 marks)
  2. Describe the production of carrots under the following sub headings
    1. Seedbed preparation (3 marks) 
    2. Harvesting (4 marks)
    3. Explain five cultural methods of weed control in beans production.          (10 marks)
    4. Outline three roles of sulphur in crop production. (3 marks)


MARKING SCHEME 

  1. Two methods which can be used to detect mineral deficiency in crops.
    • Soil analysis
    • Leaf analysis
    • Observation of deficiency. (2 x 1/2 mk= lmk)
  2. Two conditions under which shifting cultivation is favourable.
    • Communal land ownership
    • Large piece of land
    • Sparse population. (2 x 1/2 mk= lmk)
  3. Two conditions under which seeds are seeded at a high seed rate.
    • When seed germination is low
    • When seed have low seed purity
    • Incase of closer spacing
    • When number of seeds per hole is higher. (1/2 x 4rnks = 2mks)
  4. Three ways in which trees improve soil productivity.
    • Conserve moisture
    • Improves soil structure
    • Control soil erosion
    • Source of plant nutrients/organic matter fix Nitrogen e.g. legumes. (3x 1/2mk=l1/2rnks)
  5. Causes of hard pans by cultivation.
    • Cultivating at the same level throughout
    • Cultivating when wet using heavy machinery. (2x1/2mk=Imk)
  6. Under which two conditions does opportunity cost not exist?
    • Where there is no alternative choice
    • Unlimited supply
    • When goods are supplied free (2 x 1 1/2 mk=lmk
  7. Two roles of additives to silage making
    • To increase carbohydrates supply for proper fermentation
    • To increase nutrients value of silage
    • To increase the palatability of the silage. (2 x I 1/2 mk=lmk)
  8. Advantages of mixed farming
    • The farmer gets income throughout the year
    • Animals obtain food from the crop residue
    • There is proper utilization of labour
    • The two enterprises act as insurance for the other in case one project fails
  9.                          
    • They are several small vegetative materials
    • There is uniformity in crop growth
  10. Agriculture as a science
    • Research and development of suitable crop varieties
    • Research on the best method of pests and disease control
    • Analysis of the soils to determine their suitability on crop growth
  11. Give four characteristics of large scale farming system.
    • High level of capital investment
    • Large piece of land
    • High labour
    • High production
  12. Four farming practices which help to improve soil structure
    • Ploughing at the correct moisture content
    • Crop rotation
    • Addition of organic matter
    • Cover cropping
    • Mulching
    • Addition of soil/amendments (4 x 4mk=2mks)
  13. Give four effects of top dressing on a pasture.
    • Improve drainage
    • Allow the soil to exchange gases with the atmosphere better,
    • Promote the development of soil micro-flora and micro-fauna, which are needed to break down thatch and grass clippings.
    • Help repair lawn areas that have been damaged
  14. Reasons for inoculating legume seeds before planting.
    • To introduce nitrogen fixing bacteria to fix nitrogen for the plant
    • To promote nitrogen fixation prior to planting. (2 x1/2mk=lmk)
  15. Reasons for prunning
    • To attain high yields.
    • Improve on the quality of bananas.
    • Helps to count banana weevil.
    • Crop reaches bearing stage early. (2mks)
  16. Hybrid 614
    • 1st no: 6 refers to the altitude in thousands of feet above sea level.
    • 2nd : 1 refers to the number of crosses.
    • 3rd no: 4 refers numbers to the serried number (2 x ½ = 2mks)
  17. Give two ways in which pastures are classified.
    • The form in which they appear
    • Nature of establishment
  18. Four practices used to improve permanent pastures.
    • Weed control/pest control.
    • Topdressing with nitrogen/manure.
    • Controlled grazing to avoid degeneration.
    • Cutting back dry and unpalatable stumps. (4 x ½ = 2mks)
  19. Advantages of tissue culture.
    • The plantlets developed maintain parental characteristics e.g. uniformity.
    • Disease free plants are obtained.
    • Mass production of planting materials.
    • High yielding crop clones are produced. (4 x ½ = 2mks)
  20. Control of devils horsewhip mechanical means.
    • Digging up.
    • Cleaning.
    • Collecting and burning. (3 x ½ = 1½mks)
  21.                                
    1.                        
      1. Silica dish
      2. Humus rich soil
      3. Wire gauge
      4. Tripod stand (½ x 4 = 2mks)
    2. Step followed in carrying out the illustrated experiment.
      • Weigh the silica dish.
      • Collect garden soil from a depth of 20cm.
      • Put the soil in the dish.
      • Place the dish containing the garden soil over a (105º) in an oven for several hours.
      • Cool the soil and weigh.
      • Repeat the process until a constant weight is obtained.
      • Place the dish with the soil over a source of heat. (½ x 6 = 3mks)
  22.                  
    1.                
      • G – Cough grass.
      • H – Sodom apple. (1 x 2 = 2mks)
    2. Economic importance
      • Compete for resources with cultivated crops.
      • It increases the cost of production.
      • Lower the quality of pastures. (1 x 2 = 2mks)
    3. It has deep underground structures difficult to remove, (1 x 1 = 1mk)
  23.                    
    1. American bollworm (1x1=1mk)
    2.                              
      • Spraying with insecticides
      • Crop rotation (2x1=2 mks)
    3.                  
      • Beans
      • Tomatoes (1x1=1mk)
  24.                          
    1. Staking (1x1=1mk)
    2.                            
      • Production of clean fruits
      • Easy to harvest/spray
      • Increase yield as leaves are well exposed for photosynthesis
      • Prevent/protects fruits from rotting due to contact with soil. (4x1=4mks)
    3. Trellising (1x1=1mk)
  25.                        
    1. identify the method of drainage.
      • French ditch (lmk)
    2. Other methods of drainage:
      • cambered beds.
      • Open ditches
      • planting of trees.
      • Use of underground drain pipes.
      • Pumping (3x1=3mks)
    3. Importance of drainage
      • increase soil temperature
      • Increase availability and activities of soil micro-organisms.
      • Reduce soil erosion
      • Reduce leaching of nutrients.
      • Maintains soil structure. (4x 1 =4mks)
  26. Study the process of chemical water treatment below then answer the questions that follow:
    1.                
      • A - softening of water at mixing chamber.
      • B - coagulation and sedimentation.
      • C - Actual filtration
      • D- chlorination (4x ½ =2mks)
    2. Chemicals added at part .B.
      • Alum /aluminium sulphate- cause coagulation of particles in water.
      • Soda ash /sodium bicarbonate — softening of water. (2x1=2mks)
    3. Factors which influence the quantity of chemical used in part D.
      • chlorine added depend on:
      • outbreak of water borne diseases
      • Quantity of water to be treated. (2x1=2mks)
    4. uses of water in crop production
      • irrigation
      • solvent of nutrients in crops
      • Processing of crop produce e.g. carrots. (3xl=3mks)
    5. Types of production functions.
      • Increasing returns production function.
      • Decreasing /decline returns production functions.
      • Constant returns production function. (3xl=3mks)
  27.                                
    1. Cultural methods of weed control
      1. Correct spacing to deny weeds space for active growth but allowing faster crop establishment.
      2. Mulching it smothers weeds
      3. Flooding used to control non-aquatic weeds
      4. Early planting gives crops ample time to establish early and smother weeds
      5. Application of manure and fertilizers encourage faster plant growth.
      6. Crop rotation: helps to break the life cycle of certain weeds associated with certain crops.
      7. Clean seedbed: proper land preparation during the dry period.
      8. Cover cropping: Smothers weeds. (2 x5 = l0mks)
        1 mark for stating and I mk for explanation.
    2. Harmful effects of pests on crops.
      1. They damage the leaf tissue reducing the rate of photosynthesis. This results in retarded growth
      2. Some transmit pathogens from one crop to another.
      3. Pests cause would in crops resulting in secondary infections.
      4. Some pests such as nematodes and moths damage plants roots, causing wilting of plants.
      5. Some pests such as squirrels unearth some seeds resulting in low plant population.
      6. Pest destroys buds and shoots which are the growing points of crops leading to stunted growth.
      7. Sucking pests deprive the plant of its cell sap resulting in stunted growth
      8. Pests attack fruits berries, flowers and leaves thus lowering the quality and quantity of the produce.
      9. Pests destroy seed embryo lowering their viability
      10. Some pests infect toxic substance which cause death to the plant tissue
      11. Pests reduce the demand for a crop produce by lowering quality. (2x5 = 10)
  28.              
    1. Human factors influencing agriculture.
      • Level of education and technology – A more knowledgeable farmer produces high yields of high quality than an illiterate farmer.
      • Health/HIV/AIDS – Sick farmers are less productive.
      • Economy – Farmers with high capital goods produce more than a farmer with little capital.
      • Transport and communication – Good roads available easy transport of inputs and outputs hence high yield.
      • Market forces of demand and supply – the higher the demand the higher the produce and rise versa.
      • Government policy – Government may subsidies prices of inputs to encourage production.
      • Cultural and religious beliefs – Some cultures and religious beliefs may discourage or encourage production. (5 x 2 = 10mk
    2. Factors to consider when choosing the planting time.
      • The onset of rains – Crops planted at the onset of rains establish early and make maximum used rains.
      • Weather conditions and harvesting time – Crops e.g. cotton, maize and wheat need a dry season for
      • ripening and harvesting hence planting can be delayed for a while.
      • Prevalence of pests and diseases crops planted early escape attack from pests and diseases.
      • Soil moisture content – Right moisture facilitates germination of seeds and allows early crop establishment.
      • Make demand off season – Vegetables are always planted late to target high market
      • demand when there is shortage of food supplies.
      • Type of crop to be planted,
  29.                          
    1.                               
      1.                          
        • Seedbed dug deeply (depth of 20cm)
        • Soil worked to a fine tilth
        • No application of manure for it induces forking
        • Makes rows of drills 30cm apart. (Any 3x1=3mks)
      2.                        
        • Mature at 3-5 months
        • Done depending on the use intended for the crop
        • Harvesting by pulling out the crop
        • Ensure soil is moist during harvesting
        • Alternatively use a plough called carrot lifter to loosen the soil before lifting.
        • Mature carrot tubers are 2 ½ -3cm thick at top (any 4x1=4 mks)
Join our whatsapp group for latest updates

Download Agriculture Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Sunrise Evaluation Pre Mock Exams 2021.


Tap Here to Download for 50/-




Why download?

  • ✔ To read offline at any time.
  • ✔ To Print at your convenience
  • ✔ Share Easily with Friends / Students


Get on WhatsApp Download as PDF
.
Subscribe now

access all the content at an affordable rate
or
Buy any individual paper or notes as a pdf via MPESA
and get it sent to you via WhatsApp

 

What does our community say about us?

Join our community on:

  • easyelimu app
  • Telegram
  • facebook page
  • twitter page
  • Pinterest