AGRICULTURE
PAPER 1
INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES
- Write your name and index number and school, Sign and write the date in the spaces provided above.
- This paper consists of THREE sections; A, B and C. Answer
SECTION A (30 MARKS)
Answer all the question in this section in the spaces provided.
- Name the routine field practice done by:
- Removal of extra suckers in banana stool. (½mrk)
- Removal of old stems down to level of top foliage in pyrethrum. (½mrk)
- Removal of suckers from coffee bushes. (½mrk)
- State three characteristics of phosphate fertilizers. (1½mks)
- State two physical properties of soil that influence crop production. (1mk)
- Outline four ways by which crop pests are classified. (2mks)
- State three uses of labour records in Agriculture. (1½mks)
- Give four advantages of overhead irrigation in crop production. (2mrks)
- List three basic concepts in agricultural economics. (1½mrks)
- Give four varieties of tomatoes grown for processing. (2mks)
- State four pasture management practices done to enhance yields per unit area. (2mrks)
- Name two macro-nutrients which classified as:
- Fertilizer elements. (1mrk)
- Liming elements. (1mrk)
- Give three ways by which pruning helps to control disease in crops. (1½mrks)
- State four ways in which weeds are excellently adapted to the environment. (2mrks)
- State four factors that determine the time at which a crop is planted. (2mks)
- Give four factors that affected the effectiveness of a pesticide. (2mrks)
- State four reasons for staking tomatoes in crop production. (2mrks)
- State three cultural methods of soil and water conservation. (1½mrks)
- State four benefits of having a land title deed to a farmer. (2mrks)
SECTION B. (20 MARKS)
Answer ALL questions in this section in the spaces provided
- Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow. The illustrations represent a method of crop propagation.
- Name the crops propagated by illustrations: (2mrks)
- .
- Give three factors that promote the rooting of illustration A. (3mrks)
- Name the crops propagated by illustrations: (2mrks)
- The diagram below illustrates an experiment using garden soil. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
- What was the aim of the experiment? (1mrk)
- Name the parts labeled C and D. (2mrks)
- C
- D
- Name the property of soil being investigated. (1mrk)
- The illustration below shows a type of soil erosion. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
- Identify the type of erosion illustrated above. (1mrk)
- Give two soil factors that influence the rate of soil erosion. (2mrks)
- Name one agent of soil erosion. (1mrk)
- The diagram below represents a method of manure preparation. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
- Identify the type of manure being prepared. (1mrk)
- Name the parts labeled E and F. (2mrks)
- E
- F
- Give four disadvantages of manures. (4mrks)
SECTION C (40MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section in the answer sheet provided
-
- Describe land preparation for planting of grass seeds. (4mrks)
- Explain the precautions that should be observed during the harvesting of pyrethrum (4mks)
- Explain six benefits of land consolidation in Agricultural production. (12mrks)
-
- Describe the field management practices that should be carried out on dry bean production. (10mrks)
- Explain five factors that should be considered when deciding on the depth of planting a seed. (5mrks)
- Describe the characteristics of a crop suitable for green manure. (5mrks)
-
- Describe the procedure followed when collecting a soil sample from the field for testing in the laboratory (5mks)
- Describe the benefits of using certified seeds in crop production. (5mrks)
- Describe the safety precautions a farmer should take when using herbicides. (10mks)
MARKING SCHEME
- Removal of extra banana suckers pyrethrum and coffee suckers
- Banana stool management
- Cutting back in pyrethrum
- De – suckering in coffee
- Three properties of phosphatic fertilizers
- Sparingly soluble in water
- Have a residual effect in soil
- Not liable to leaching
- Have a slight scortching effect 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
- Two physical properties of soil on crops.
- Soil texture
- Soil profile / depth
- Soil structure 2 x ½ = (1mk)
- Four ways of classifying crop pests
- Mode of feeding
- Crops attacked
- Stage of development of the pest
- Stage of growth of crop
- Scientific classification
- Level of damage
- Habitat / where they are found 4 X ½ (2mks)
- Three uses of labour Records
- Help in payment of wages.
- Used in calculations of operation costs
- Used in assessment of income tax
- Used in calculating profits or losses. 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
- Four advantages of overhead irrigation
- Water is evenly distributed over the required area
- Less wastage of water than farrow irrigation
- Can be practiced in slopy grounds.
- Foliar fertilizers can be applied with irrigation water.
- Sprinkler system can easily be moved to another place. 4 x ½ = (mks)
- Basic economic concepts
- scarcity
- preference and choice
- opportunity cost 3 x ½ = (1½ mks)
- Four varieties for processing
- Ann f
- Primabel
- San Merzano
- Cal J
- Seinz; Keny Beauty Rutgers 10x Hybrid 4x ½ = (2mks)
- Four pastures management to enhance yields:
- Weed control
- Top dressing
- Topping
- Re. seedling
- Pest control
- Controlled grazing
- Irrigation 4 x ½ = (2mks)
-
- Fertilizer Elements
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorous
- Potassium 2 x ½ = 1mk
- Liming Elements
- Calcium
- Sulphur
- Magnesium 2 x ½ = 1mk
- Fertilizer Elements
- Three ways by which pruning control disease
- Enhance penetrating of spray to kill vectors
- Remove infected branches
- Removes micro climate to discourage pests and disease
- Maintains field hygiene to reduce infection. 3 x ½ = (1½ mks)
- Four ways of weed adaptation to environment .
- Elaborate / Extensive root system
- Ability to survive in poor soils
- Have short life cycle
- Have high competitive ability
- Some propagate vegetatively eg wandering jew
- Prolonged seed dormancy
- Wide range of ecological condition 4x ½ = (2mks)
- Four factors that determine time of planting
- Rainfall patterns / water availability
- Growth habit of the crop
- Purpose of the crop
- Prevalence of pests and diseases
- Market demand 4 x ½ = (2mks)
- Four factors that affect effectiveness of pesticides
- concentration of pesticide
- Weather conditions
- Persistence of pesticide
- Formulation
- Mode of action 4 x ½ = (2mks)
- Reasons for staking tomatoes
- Production of clean fruits
- Prevent infestation by soil borne diseases
- Facilitates spraying and harvesting of the crop
- Controls incidence of disease outbreaks e.g blight 4x ½ = (2mks)
- Five cultural methods of soil and water conservation
- Mulching
- Cover cropping
- Grass strips / filter strips
- Grassed water ways
- Planting agroforestry trees.
- Countuor farming 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
- Four benefits of a land title deed
- Can be used as security to get a a loan/credit
- Encourage farmers for long term investment
- Minimize land disputes
- You can lease the land out 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
-
-
- A = Tea
- B = sugarcane 2 x 1 = (2mks)
-
- Oxygen supply
- Rooting medium/rooting hormone
- Correct relative humidity
- Suitable temperature
- Suitable light intensive
- Leaf area 3 x 1 = (3mks)
-
-
- To show that soil is made of different sized particles (1 x 1= 1mk)
- C= Humus / organic matter.
D = Gravel
2 x 1 = (2mks) - Texture 1x1 = (1mk)
-
- Splash / Rain drop erosion
1 x1 = 1mk - soil depth / profile
- Soil type
- Absence of cover crop
- Rainfall intensity
- Topography 2 x 1 = (2mks)
-
- Wind
- Water
- Human beings
- Animals
- Splash / Rain drop erosion
-
- Compost manure 1x1 =(1mk)
- E = Dry leaves
F = Maize stalk 2 x ½ = ( 1mk) - disadvantages of manure
- Release nutrients slowly
- Bulky
- May be a source of weeds
- Provide breeding ground for pests
- Difficult to quantify nutrients contained
- Supply many nutrients to crops 4x 1 = (4mks)
-
- Operations carried out when preparing land for planting grass
- Clear the vegetation using appropriate method
- Dig the land / carry out primary cultivation
- Harrow the land / carry out secondary cultivation
- Refine the tilth / carry out tartiary operation to get a fine tilt
4 x 1 =(4mks)
- Precautions that should be observed during the harvesting of pyrethrum (4 x 1= 4mks)
- Avoid picking wet flowers
- Flowers should be put in woven baskets
- Avoid any form of contamination
- do not compact the flowers in the basket to avoid fermentation
- Dry the flowers soon after harvesting
- benefits of land consolidation:
- Enhances proper supervision of land leading to high production
- It saves time and reduces cost of transport leading to high profit margin.
- Makes it easy to have a good farm plan for efficient utilization
- It makes it easier to carry out proper soil and water conservation for high production
- Farm mechanization is economical due t o enlarged holding.
- It makes it effective to administer Agricultural extension services under one holding.
- Makes it possible to construct permanent structure. (6 x2 = 12mks)
- Operations carried out when preparing land for planting grass
-
- Management of dry been production from planting to harvesting
- Plant at onset of rains
- Plant at dept of 5 – 10cm
- Plant certified seeds
- Space at 45 – 60cm x 10 -15cm
- Use phosphatic fertilizer during planting
- Apply fertilizer at a rate of 100 – 200kg DAP/ ha. At planting
- Plant 2-4 seeds per hole / seed rate 50-60kg/ ha
- Carry out gapping
- Carry out thinning
- Provide stakes for climbing varieties
- Control pests
- Control diseases e.g anthracnose; been rust
- Uproot mature dry plantsGather uprooted plants and spread for further drying
10 X 1= (10mks)
- Factors for planting depth:
- Size of seed: Small seeds shallow depth for seeds to emerge above the ground.
- Soil moisture: high soil moisture shallow depth for germination and growth.
- Type of germination: cotyledons above the ground shallow depth to enable plant to push cotyledon above the ground.
- Soil type: clay soil shallow depth to have quick emergence of seedling above the ground.
- Possibility of pest attack: deep planting to prevent attack by pests
Correct explanation
4x1= 4mks
- Characteristics of crop for green manure:
- Should be leafy / highly vegetative
- Should be able to rot fast
- Should be able to fix Nitrogen
- Should be able grow in less fertile soil.
- Should be able to complete life cycle in a short time.
- Should be able to grow fast
- Should be healthy.
(5 x1 = 5mks)
- Management of dry been production from planting to harvesting
-
- Describe the procedure followed when collecting a soil sample from the field for testing in the laboratory(5mks)
- Clear vegetation from sampling spot
- Make vertical act 1-25cm deep (crop land), 5cm pasture
- Take slice with spade/soil auger
- Put soil sample in clean polythene bag
- Repeat the 1-4 steps in 15-20 spots
- Mix sample thoroughly dry and crush
- ake sub-sample /composite sample to laboratory for testing
5 x 1 = (5mks)
- Benefits of using certified seeds
- They have high germination potential
- They are free from pests and diseases / healthy
- They give high yields
- They are bred true to type
- They are free from foreign materials / are pure
- They are free from physical damage
5 x 1 = (5mks)
- Safety precautions when using herbicides
- Wear protective clothing such as gloves over alls and boots.
- Avoid inhaling herbicides by not smoking while spraying or spray a long the direction of the wind.
- Read manufactures instructions and follow them strictly
- Avoid blowing / sucking blocked nozzles.
- Wash thoroughly immediately after handling the herbicide.
- Keep the herbicides safely out of reach of children
- Do not wash equipment used for herbicides in water sources used by animals or humans to avoid pollution
- Carry out proper disposal of empty containers to prevent environmental pollution.
- Spray when the weather is calm to avoid spray drift to unintended fields/ water sources
- Avoid chemical spillage to uninted places
- Avoid eating / handling food before washing
- Equipment used should be washed thoroughly to avoid damage to crops in the subsequent operations
10 x 1 = (10mks)
- Describe the procedure followed when collecting a soil sample from the field for testing in the laboratory(5mks)
Download Agriculture Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Kapsabet Pre Mock Exams 2021/2022.
Tap Here to Download for 50/-
Get on WhatsApp for 50/-
Why download?
- ✔ To read offline at any time.
- ✔ To Print at your convenience
- ✔ Share Easily with Friends / Students