Instructions to Candidates
- This paper consists of three section A, B and C.
- Answer All questions in section A.
- Answer Three questions in Section B.
- Answer two questions in section C.
SECTION A(25mks)
- Give two sources of Kenyan history
- Name the archaeological site where the remains of Kenyapithecus were discovered in Kenya. (1mk)
- Give one reason for the migration of the Borana from Ethiopia into Kenya. (1mk)
- State one political functions of the council of elders among the Agikuyu in the 19th Century. (1mk)
- State two reasons why Seyyid Said transferred his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar. (2mks)
- Identify the two main items of trade from the interior during the long distance trade. (2mks)
- Give two reasons that can make a registerd person to lose citizenship in Kenya.2mks)
- Identify two practices that may interfere with national unity in Kenya. (2mks)
- Give one factor that led to the growth of Nairobi as a modern urban centre. (1mk)
- Give any one characteristics of a good constitution. (1mk)
- Identify the two types of democracy in the world today. (2mks)
- Give two economic factors that influenced the scramble for East Africa. (2mks)
- State two reasons why the maasai collaborated with the British in the 19thC. (2mks)
- Give the main reason why poll tax was introduced in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
- Give one way through which white settlers acquired land during the colonial period. (1mks)
- Who was the first vice president of Kenya. (1mks)
- State one way in which the rule of law is upheld in Kenya. (1mk)
SECTION B(45mks)
-
- Apart from the Abagusii, name any three western Bantus in Kenya. (3mks)
- Describe the social organization of the Abagusii during the pre-colonial period. (12mks)
-
- Give three roles of the Imperial British East Africa Company in Kenya between 1888 to 1895. (3 mks)
- Explains six reasons why the Imperial British East Africa Company rule came to an end in 1895
(12 mks)
-
- Name three trade unions which joined to form the Kenya Federation of Labour during the struggle for independence in Kenya. (3 mks)
- Explains six roles played by trade unions to improve the lives of Africans during the colonial period. (12 mks)
-
- Give three reasons why Ronald Ngala and his colleagues formed the Kenya African Democratic Union. (3 mks)
- Explain six problems faced by Moi as the president of Kenya . (12mks)
SECTION C(30mks)
Answer two questions from this section
-
- Give the composition of the National Assembly in kenya. (3 mks)
- Explain six functions of the National Assembly in Kenya. (12 mks)
-
- Give the three examples of superior courts in Kenya. (3 mks)
- Explain six problems facing the judiciary today . (12mks)
-
- Give three decisions that were reached after the first Lancaster house conference. (3 mks)
- Describe six main features of the constitution of Kenya. (12mks)
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A(25mks)
- Give two sources of Kenyan history (2mks)
- Archaeology
- Genetics
- Anthropology.
- Palaeontology
- Archaeology
- Name the archaeological site where the remains of Kenyapithecus were discovered in Kenya.(1mk)
- Fort ternan near Kericho
- Give one reason for the migration of the Borana from Ethiopia into Kenya. (1mk)
- Heavy taxation by Menellik II
- Population Presure
- War between the British and Somali nationalists
- Drought and famine
- State one political functions of the council of elders among the Agikuyu in the 19thC. (1mk)
- Maintaining law and order
- Settling disputes
- Declaring war
- State two reasons why Seyyid Said transferred his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar. (2mks)
- It had a cool climate compared to muscat which was hot and dry
- To control the East African coast effectively
- Zanzibar was defensible as an Island
- Good soil for growth of cloves
- Identify the two main items of trade from the interior during the long distance trade. (2mks)
- Ivory
- Gold
- Slaves
- Give two reasons that can make a registerd person to lose citizenship in Kenya. (2mks)
- If acquired through fraud
- If during war in which Kenya is engaged one has traded secrets to the enemy
- Two practices that may interfere with national unity in Kenya
- Greed
- Tribalism
- Nepotism
- Racism
- Give one factor that led to the growth of Nairobi as a modern urban centre. (1mk)
- Location near Nairobi river
- Cool temperatures
- Trading activities
- Was almost in the middle of Mombasa and lake victoria
- Give any characteristic of a good constitution. (1mk)
- Protect fundamental rights and freedoms
- Durable and elastic
- Comprehensive
- Definite
- Two types of democracy (2mks)
- Direct
- Indirect
- Constitutional
- Give two economic factors that influenced the scramble for East Africa. (2mks)
- Search for raw materials
- Search for markets
- Investment of surplus capital
- State two reasons why the maasai collaborated with the British in the 19thC. (2mks)
- Were weakened by Nandi raids
- Epidermics and diseases
- Lenana needed food to save his people from near starvation
- Give the main reason why poll tax was introduced in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
- To force Africans to provide labour
- Give one way through which white settlers acquired land during the colonial period. (1mks)
- Force
- Legislation
- Who was the first vice president of Kenya. (1mks)
- Jaramogi Oginga Odinga
- State one way in which the rule of law is upheld in Kenya. (1mk)
- Guaranteeing the independence of the judiciary
SECTION B(45mks)
-
- Apart from the Abagusii, name any three western Bantus in Kenya. (3mks)
- Abakuria
- Abaluhya
- Abasuba
- Abakuria
- Describe the social organization of the Abagusii during the pre-colonial period. (12mks)
- They were organized into clans made up of related families
- They intiated boys and girls through circumcision
- Believed in a supreme God Engoro
- Considered the sun sacred
- Had religious leaders eg diviners,seers and priests
- Witches and sorcerers were hated
- Marriage was polygamous and exogamous
- Apart from the Abagusii, name any three western Bantus in Kenya. (3mks)
-
- Give three roles of the Imperial British East Africa Company in Kenya between 1888 to 1895. (3 mks)
- To maintain general order and security
- To establish political authority in the area
- To collect taxes and institute customs duties
- To develop and regulate trade
- Explains six reasons why the Imperial British East Africa Company rule came to an end in 1895
(12 mks)- Financial problems
- Lack of enough personnel
- There were no navigable rivers thus transportation of goods was slow
- Corrupt company officials
- Poor means of communication between the head office and the colony
- Hot and dry climate and diseases such as malaria affected the officials
- Give three roles of the Imperial British East Africa Company in Kenya between 1888 to 1895. (3 mks)
-
- Name three trade unions which joined to form the Kenya Federation of Labour . during the struggle for independence in Kenya. (3 mks)
- Local Government Workaers union
- Transport and Allied workers union
- Domestic and Hotel workers union
- Explains six roles played by trade unions to improve the lives of Africans during . during the colonial period. (12 mks)
- They aired the grievances of workers to the colonial government
- They achieved better wages for Africans and Asians
- They educated people on their rights
- Provided training ground for national leaders
- They achieved better conditions for workers through strikes and collective bargaining
- Opposed racial discrimination among workers
- Assited and supported those who struggled for independence
- Name three trade unions which joined to form the Kenya Federation of Labour . during the struggle for independence in Kenya. (3 mks)
-
- Give three reasons why Ronald Ngala and his colleagues formed the Kenya African Democratic Union. (3 mks)
- They wanted a federal system of government
- Wanted to protect the interests of the minority
- KADU wanted a multi-racial government
- Explain six problems faced by Moi as the president of Kenya . (12mks)
- 1st August 1982 attempted coup junior officers in Kenya airforce
- Authoritarian style of leadership characterist by torture and detention of government critics
- Widespread poverty
- Tribal clashes
- HIV/AIDS pandemic
- Freezing of aid by international bodies
- Rampant corruption
- Give three reasons why Ronald Ngala and his colleagues formed the Kenya African Democratic Union. (3 mks)
SECTION C(30mks)
Answer two questions from this section
-
- Give the composition of the National Assembly in kenya. (3 mks)
- 290 members elected by registered voters of single member constituencies
- 47 women elected by registered voters of each county
- 12members nominated by parliamentary political parties
- 290 members elected by registered voters of single member constituencies
- Explain six functions of the National Assembly in Kenya. (12 mks)
- Forum for expression of national interests
- Enacts legislation that affects the nation
- Reviews the conduct in office of the president,deputy president and initiate the process of impeachment
- Approves the declaration of war and extention of the state of emergency
- Controls revenue and expenditure of the republic
- Represents the will of the people and express their sovereignity
- Forum for expression of national interests
- Give the composition of the National Assembly in kenya. (3 mks)
-
- Give the three examples of superior courts in Kenya. (3 mks)
- Supreme court
- High court
- Court of Appeal
- Explain six problems facing the judiciary today . (12mks)
- use of outdated laws
- Shortage of equipment and facilities
- Corruption among judges
- Too much interference from the executive
- Incompetence among judges
- Few judicial officers in service creating case backlogs
- Information about the judiciary has not been made available
- Give the three examples of superior courts in Kenya. (3 mks)
-
- Give three decisions that were reached after the first Lancaster house conference. (3 mks)
- 33 seats to be contested on a common roll
- 20 seats to be reserved ,10 for Europeans,8 for Asians and 2 for Arabs
- formation of countrywide political parties
- Describe six main features of the constitution of Kenya. (12mks)
- Sovereignity of the people and supremacy of the constitution
- The republic
- Citizenship
- Bill of rights
- Land and environment
- Leadership and integrity
- Representation of the people
- Legislature
- Executive
- Judiciary
- Give three decisions that were reached after the first Lancaster house conference. (3 mks)
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