Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Asumbi Girls Highschool Pre-Mock Exams May-June 2022

Instructions to candidates.

This paper consists of three sections; A, B and C.
Answer all the questions in section A and B.
Answer any two questions in section C.
Candidates should answer all the questions in English.

SECTION A (30 marks)
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Name four light breeds of poultry. (2mks)
State four conditions necessary for egg incubation (2mks)
Give four disadvantages of inbreeding. (2mks)
Give four factors that a farmer may consider while carrying out culling in livestock production.(2mks)
State four predisposing factors of pneumonia in lambs (2mks)
Name four tools used in dehorning. (2mks)
Give four general methods of controlling livestock diseases. (2mks)
State four features of clean milk. (2mks)
Name four factors to consider while choosing construction materials in the farm. (2mks)
State four control measures of liver fluke (2mks)
State four factors that influence the pulse rate of an animal. (2mks)
Distinguish between the Saanen and Jamnapari breeds of goats. (2mks)
Give four types of beehives. (2mks)
State two ways of caponisation in poultry. (2mks)
Name four disadvantages of battery cage system. (2mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED.

Study the diagram of a cow below and answer the subsequent questions.
1. Identify the livestock equipment marked E above. (1mk)
2. State two uses of the equipment in 17 (i) above. (2mks)
3. Name the two types of identification marks applied on the animal above. (1mk)
4. Show with an arrow and mark with letter P where pye-grease acaricide should be applied on the animal. (1mk)
Study the illustration of a biogas digester plant and answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the major component of biogas that is trapped in part L above. (1mk)
2. Give the name of the material deposited in part labeled M and its use. (1mk)
  name_______________________________________________________________________
  Use_________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the component of K in the biogas production? (1mk)
4. Give three disadvantages of biogas as a source of farm power. (3mks)
Below is a diagram illustrating a beehive? Study carefully an answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the type of beehive shown (1mk)
2. Name the parts labeled H and K (1mk)
  H___________________________________________________________________________
  K___________________________________________________________________________
3. Give two importance of part G (2mks)
4. Give two tools used for detaching honey combs during honey harvesting. (2mks)
Study the diagram below f farm tools and equipment and answer questions that follow.
1. Identify tool M and N (1mk)
  M__________________________________________________________________________
  N___________________________________________________________________________
2. State one functional difference between M and N (1mk)
3. State two maintenance practices of tool M. (1mk)

SECTION C (40 MARKS)
ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED AFTER THE SECTION.

1. State four reasons for breeding cattle. (4mks)
2. Explain four routine management practices carried out during rearing of dairy calves. (8mks)
3. State five reasons for swarming in bees. (5mks)
4. List three ways of controlling liver flukes in sheep. (3mks)
1. Discuss the disease Trypansomiasis under the following sub headings.
  1. Causal organism (1mk)
  2. Animals attacked (1mk)
  3. Mode of transmission (1mk)
  4. Symptoms (2mks)
  5. Control (2mks)
2. Explain six measures used in controlling diseases in livestock. (12mks)
1. Explain the management of growers in deep litter system until the time of laying (1mks)
2. State and explain eight materials and equipment used during milking. (8mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (30 marks)

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Name four light breeds of poultry. (2mks)
- sykes
- leghorns
- ancona
- minorcas
State four conditions necessary for egg incubation (2mks)
- good ventilation
- appropriate temperature range
- high level of hygiene
- proper egg turning
Give four disadvantages of inbreeding. (2mks)
- increase in pre-natal mortality rate
- reduces fertility
- reduces productivity
- loss of vigour
Give four factors that a farmer may consider while carrying out culling in livestock production.(2mks)
- old age
- hysical defects
- reduced production
- susceptibility to diseases
- infertility
- poor mothering ability
State four predisposing factors of pneumonia in lambs (2mks)
- overcrowding
- poor ventilation
- low level of hygiene
- age/young animals are vulnerable
- draught
Name four tools used in dehorning. (2mks)
- hot iron
- rubber ring with elastrator
- dehorning wire
- dehorning colloidion
Give four general methods of controlling livestock diseases. (2mks)
- proper selection and breeding
- proper housing
- control of parasite
- proper disposal of carcass
- observing high degree of hygiene
- treatment of sick animals
State four features of clean milk. (2mks)
- have the required nutrient composition and right proportions
- free from bad oduor
- free from pathogens
- free from foreign materials
- white in colour
Name four factors to consider while choosing construction materials in the farm. (2mks)
- durability of the material
- availability
- workability
- strength
- cost
- use of the structure
State four control measures of liver fluke (2mks)
- draining swampy areas
- killing water snails physically
- burning infested pasture
- drenching affected animals with suitable deworming drugs
State four factors that influence the pulse rate of an animal. (2mks)
- ill health
- physiological status
- environmental factors
- degree of excitement
Distinguish between the Saanen and Jannappari breeds of goats. (2mks)
- saanen is while cream in colour with erect ears pointing forwards while jannapari is white /black in colour with drooping ears
Give four types of beehives. (2mks)
- Traditional African log hive
- Kenya Top Bar Hive (KTBH)
- longstroth hive
- dadant
State two ways of caponisation in poultry. (2mks)
- injecting the male chick with the hormone called stilboestrol
- inserting pellets of female sex hormone underneath the skin of the male chick.
Name four disadvantages of battery cage system. (2mks)
- expensive
- bruising of comb and neck
- no exercise
- accumulation of parasites and diseases

SECTION B (20 MARKS)
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED.

Study the diagram of a cow below and answer the subsequent questions.
1. Identify the livestock equipment marked E above. (1mk)
  - halter
2. State two uses of the equipment in 17 (i) above. (2mks)
  - restraining the animal during livestock handling
  - guiding the animal using a lead stick
3. Name the two types of identification marks applied on the animal above. (1mk)
  - ear notching
  - ear tagging
4. Show with an arrow and mark with letter P where pye-grease acaricide should be applied on the animal. (1mk)
  - along the dewlap
Study the illustration of a biogas digester plant and answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the major component of biogas that is trapped in part L above. (1mk)
  - methane
2. Give the name of the material deposited in part labeled M and its use. (1mk)
  - name- slurly
    Use- used as manure
3. What is the component of K in the biogas production? (1mk)
  - dung and water
4. Give three disadvantages of biogas as a source of farm power. (3mks)
  - expensive
Below is a diagram illustrating a beehive? Study carefully an answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the type of beehive shown (1mk)
  - Kenya Tp Bar Hive (KTBH)
2. Name the parts labeled H and K (1mk)
  - H- top bars
  - K- hole
3. Give two importance of part G (2mks)
  - hanging the hive above the ground level
  - allow the hive to swing in case of attack by
4. Give two tools used for detaching honey combs during honey harvesting. (2mks)
  - hive tool
  - brush
Study the diagram below f farm tools and equipment and answer questions that follow.
1. Identify tool M and N (1mk)
  - M – Hack saw
  - N- Rip saw
2. State one functional difference between M and N (1mk)
  - M is used for cutting metal while N is used for cutting wood (mark as a whole)
3. State two maintenance practices of tool M. (1mk)
  - repair/replace broken handles
  - sharpen the teeth

SECTION C (40 MARKS)
ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED AFTER THE SECTION.

1. State four reasons for breeding cattle. (4mks)
  - expand inhented potential/improve inhanted potential
  - introduce new genon
  - satisfy consumer taste
  - overcome production problems carried by environmental/improve production
  - for economic reasons
2. Explain four routine management practices carried out during rearing of dairy calves. (8mks)
  - diseases control – calves vaccinated against infectious diseases
  - parasite control – calves sprayed against ticks and other external parasites
  - drenching against internal parasites
  - Castration – male calves castrated for fasten fattening, controlling breeding, inbreeding and spread of (STI) Sexually Transmitted Infections.
  - deteating – removal of extra vestigial teats to allow development of normal teats and avoid predisposing the animal to mastitis.
  - dehorning/disbudding eg cutting of hours to reduce space requirement per animal, animal injuring each other and for docility
    Mention of practice 4x1=4mks
    Correct explanation 4x1=4mks
3. State five reasons for swarming in bees. (5mks)
  - shortage of food and water
  - overcrowding
  - bad smell
  - outbreak of diseases and parasites
  - sick queen/infertile queen
  - damage of brood/combs
  - inadequate ventilation
4. List three ways of controlling liver flukes in sheep. (3mks)
  - controlling fresh water snails
  - draining swampy areas
  - routine drenching of sheep
  - burning infected pastures in dry reasons
  - avoid grazing on water logged areas
1. Discuss the disease Trypansomiasis under the following sub headings.
  1. Causal organism (1mk)
    - protozoa
  2. Animals attacked (1mk)
    - cattle, sheep, gats, pigs, houses
  3. Mode of transmission (1mk)
    - vector borne by the tsetse fly
  4. Symptoms (2mks)
    - intermittent growth
    - straining coat
    - anaemia
    - abortion in females
    - oedema
    - enlarged lymph nodes
    - loss of hair at the tail end
  5. Control (2mks)
    - treat sick animals with trypanocidal drugs
    - confine game animals in parks
    - raise resistant breeds
2. Explain six measures used in controlling diseases in livestock. (12mks)
  - practicing general hygiene
  - isolate sick animals to prevent spread
  - deworm animals to control endoparasite
  - treat animals to prevent spread of diseases
  - vaccinate animals to give them resistance immunity
  - control vectors to prevent spread of diseases
  - routine administration of drugs
  - use prophylactic drugs to prevent infestation
  - proper rotation of breeding to control diseases
  - proper housing to avoid predisposing factors of
  - hoof trimming to minimize occurrence of foot to rot dnane
  - imposing quarantine to prevent spread of diseases.
  - mass slaughter of infected animals to prevent disease spread
1. Explain the management of growers in deep litter system until the time of laying (1mks)
  - provide sufficient layers mash
  - ensure feeders and waters are always clean
  - hang soft green leaves to keep the birds busy
  - scatter grains on the floor to keep the birds busy
  - provide enough perches and waters
  - collect eggs 2-3 times a day
  - de-beak birds to prevent egg eating
  - cull perpetual cannibals
  - dust birds against external parasites
  - drench against external parasites
  - vaccinate against diseases
  - provide enough litter
  - cull poor layers
  - isolate and treat sick birds
  - dispose off dead birds
2. State and explain eight materials and equipment used during milking. (8mks)
  - strip cup
  - drying towel
  - filtering pads
  - milking pail
  - milking stool
  - milk churn
  - weighing scale
  - milking machine