Agriculture Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Bunamfan Cluster Pre Mock Exam 2022

Instructions

• This page consists of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer ALL the questions in sections A and B and only two questions from Section C.

Questions

SECTION A (30MKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

1. Give four advantages of large scale farming. (2mks)
2.        
   1. Define nomadic pastoralism (1mk)
   2. State two advantages of nomadic pastoralism. (1mk)
3. State four factors which determine soil depth. (2mks)
4. Give four natural factors that would encourage the gully erosion on a farm. (2mks)
5. State four ways in which trees help in soil conservation. (2mks)
6. State four disadvantages of communal land tenure system. (2mks)
7. State four factors that should be considered when selecting a forage crop species to be established in a given area. (2mks)
8. What do you understand by the following terms. (3mks)
   1. Seed dressing
   2. Seed inoculation
   3. Chitting
9. Give two advantages of compound fertilizers (1mk)
10. State two effects of varying spacing in maize production. (2mks)
11. State four symptoms of viral diseases in crop production. (2mk)
12. List four branches of livestock farming. (2mks)
13. Name four varieties of dry beans (2mks)
14. Give four precautions taken to prevent pest attack in stored produce. (2mks)
15. What is organic farming? (1mk)

SECTION B (20MKS)

16. Study the diagrams below carefully and answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the pests labelled A and B (2mks)
    2. State two effects the pest labelled A causes on a maize plant. (2mks)
    3. List three effects of pest B in stores. (3mks)
    4. State three methods of controlling striga weed. (3mks)
17. The diagram below shows a field management practice carried out on a fruit crop.Study it carefully and answer the question that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the practice (1mk)
    2. Give two reasons for carrying out the above practice. (2mks
    3. State three reasons for storing beans after harvesting. (3mks)
    4. State three advantage of processing farm produce. (3mks)
    5. Define the term drainage. (1mk)

SECTION C (40MKS)
Answer any two questions from this section in the spaces provided.

1.      
   1. Describe eight farming activities that would encourage soil erosion (8mks)
   2. Describe the harvesting of cotton. (8mks)
   3. Describe seedbed preparation for carrot production. (4mks)
2.   
   1. Describe ten factors that would determine the nutrient content of hay. (10mks)
   2. Describe ten advantages of using organic matter for mulching. (10mks)
3.  
   1. Explain six morphological features of weeds that influence selectivity of herbicides.(6mks)
   2. Give five disadvantages of zero grazing system. (5mks)
   3. Describe nine factors considered in the selection of planting materials. (9mks)

Marking Scheme

1.        
   • Provides a lot of employment
   • High output
   • Enjoys economies of large scale
   • Source of foreign exchange from export market
   • Source of capital or revenue for governance
2.        
   1. it’s a system of farming where livestock are kept and moved from place to place in search of pastures and water.
   2. there is social cohesiveness and security among members of community.
      • Reduced parasite build up
      • Nomads are able to rear a large number of livestock.
3.           
   • topograph
   • Parent rock
   • Climate
   • Age of soil
   • Biological activities
4.           
   • soil type
   • Steepness of slope or topograph
   • Rainfall intensity and amount
   • Length of slope
   • Size of water shed or catchment areas
5.           
   • reduce speed of surface run off
   • Reduce speed of rain drops on soil
   • Reduve volume of runoffs due to increased infiltration
   • Improves soil structure
   • Acts as wind breakers
6.          
   • Inbreeding is common.
   • No incentive to develop the land.
   • Spread of pests and diseases .
   • Low yields per unit area.
7.        
   • adaptability to the area
   • Production potential
   • Skills required in establishing
   • Soil type
   • Resistance to pest or diseases
   • Whether pure or mixed strnd
8.       
   • seed dressing-the coating of seed with a fungicide or insecticide to protect seedlings from soil borne pests.
   • Seed inoculation-coating of legume seeds with right strain of rhizobia bacteria to enablefix free atmospheric nitrogen into the soil.
   • Chitting-putting potato sets in a partially dark room to break their dormancy.
9.             
   • Cheaper and more convenient to apply saving on time cost and labour.Balanced in all plant nutrients
   • Easy to store as they do not form lumps when stored for long.
10.            
    • plant population or seed rates
    • Time spent in planting
    • Weed control
11.               
    • leaf chlorosis
    • Leaf curling
    • Mosaic
    • Malformation
    • Resetting
12.             
    • fish farming or aquaculture
    • Bee keeping or apiculture
    • Poultry keeping
    • Pastrolism
13.              
    • wairimu
    • Mwitemania
    • Rosecoco
    • Canadian wonda
    • Yellow haricot
    • Mwezi moja
14.             
    • seed dressing
    • Proper drying
    • Clean and dusted store
    • Rodent or insect proof
    • Well ventilated
15. growing of crops and rearing of livestock without using agrochemicals.
16.        
    1.         
       • A-mouse bird
       • B-rat
    2.              
       • lowers quantity of grains or feedon grain
       • lowers quality of grain
       • open husks and encourage grain rotting.
    3.            
       • bores holes in containers
       • Transmit diseases
       • Cause qualitative and quantitative loss of produce.
       • Contaminate produce of urine
    4.             
       • crop rotation
       • uprotting and destroying
       • application of organic manures eg F.Y.M
       • use of resistant variety
       • interplsnting cereals with legumes
       • use suitable herbicides
17.            
    1.              
       • Trellishing
    2.            
       • to produce clean fruit
       • to control soil borne pests and diseases
       • For easy harvesting
    3.              
       • To ensure availability of produce all year round
       • for purposes of trade
       • for retention of seeds for planting next season.
    4.        
       • improves flavor
       • Improves keeping quality
       • Reduce bulkiness
    5.              
       • the removal of excess water to prevent water loggings and maintain soil structure.
18.        
    1.         
       • overgrazing or overstocking the land
       • Ploughing along the slope
       • Continuous cropping or mono cropping
       • Uncontrolled burning of vegetation
       • Cultivating when the soil is too dry
       • Uncontrolled deforestation on steep slopes
       • Over cultivation of land to a fine filth
       • Poorly laid foot paths
       • Cultivation along the river banks
    2.                
       • picked manually
       • grading of seed cotton starts during harvesting.\
       • seed is sorted into two grades AR(safi) and BR (fifi)
       • AR is the first grade free from seed damage and foreign matter.
       • BR may not have all the required qualities
       • Pick to have two containers one for AR and the other for grade BR
       • Care should be taken to ensure no foreign matter and mixed with seed cotton.
       • Picking is avoided when cotton is wet
       • Sisal bags should not be used.
    3.           
       • dig seed bed deeply
       • soil worked to a fine filth.
       • No use of manure
       • Make rows of drills 30cm apart.
19.         
    1.              
       • period of storage
       • Length of drying period
       • Stage of growth at harvesting time
       • Weather condition during drying period
       • Species of hay crop
       • Method of storage
       • Fertility of soil
       • Pest or diseases attack on crop
       • Leaf content of forage material
       • Degree of damage during caring or handling
       • Physical form the crop is fed to the livestock
       • Amount of foreign materials present in hay.
    2.               
       • controls soil erosion
       • improves water filtration
       • regulates soil temperatures
       • improves soil structure after decomposition
       • increases microbial activities
       • increases water holding capacity after decomposition
       • buffer soil PH
       • adds nutrients after decomposition.
20.            
    1.            
       • leaf angle or inclination
       • Nature of leafy surface
       • Presence or absence of underground structure
       • Crop differential heights
       • Location of growing points
       • Whether deep or shallow rooted.
    2.               
       • labour intensive
       • capital intensive
       • not easy to detect oestrus
       • suited to high potential areas
       • faster spread of diseases
       • requires a lot of skills
    3.                
       • ecological suitability
       • purity of material
       • germination percentage
       • certified seeds
       • parent plant
       • maturity of seeds
       • size of seeds
       • shape of seeds
       • storage period or age.