Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Maranda Pre-Mock Examinations 2022

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Agriculture Paper 1 Questions - Maranda Pre-Mock Examinations 2022

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QUESTIONS

SECTION A (30 MARKS)
Answer all the question in this section in the spaces provided.

Define the term quarantine in livestock production the term quarantine in livestock production (1 mk)
1. Give two functions of vitamins in livestock production(1mk)
2. State four water soluble vitamins.(2 mks)
List two methods that a dairy farmer can use in breeding(1 mk)
Give two values of pheromones to bees(1 mk)
1. Define the term notifiable disease in cattle.. (1 mk)
2. Name any two notifiable diseases in cattle(1 mk)
Give two reasons of washing a cow’s udder before milking(1mk)
Give four factors that determine the nutritional requirements in cattle (2 mks)
State two uses of pipe wrench(1 mk)
State three advantages of a spray race over plunge dip
State three symptoms of ectoparasites in poultry production
Give two reasons of housing calves singly(1mk) )
Name the breed of rabbit with the following characteristics(2 mks)
1. White body and red eyes
2. White body with one or more of these parts black: ears paws, and tail,
State four essentials of flaying(2 mks)
Mention four pre-disposing factors of scours in calves.(2 mks)
Differentiate between crutching and raddling(2 mks)
Give four advantages of embryo transplant technology(2 mks)
State two advantages of using seine nets over the hook and line in harvesting fish
State two importance of tooth clipping in pigs(1 mk))
Give four factors that make mud walls to be undesirable(2 mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

Study the illustration below and answer the questions that follow
1. Identify the parts labeled: J,K,L and N(2mks)
2. State two uses of parts labeled L(2mks)
3. State two reasons why it is important to have the structure labelled N at the edge of the rroofing materials(2mks)
1. 1. Identify each of the parasites of livestock shown below and answer the questions that at follow (2 mks)
  2. Give two categories of the above parasite(2mks)
2. List any four harmful effects of the parasites E and F in livestock(2mks)
The diagram below shows the reproductive system of a cow. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow
1. 1. Name the parts labeled L and M (1 mk)
  2. State the functions of each of the parts labeled J and K
2. State two sign of parturition in cows(2 mks)
The diagram below represents sections through an artificial brooder.
1. Give two uses of the part labeled X(1mk)
2. Name two suitable materials to use for part labeled X (1mk)
3. Give the use of the apart labeled Y.(2 mks)
4. List two advantages of natural brooding of chicks. (2 mks)

SECTION C (40 MARKS)
Answer ANY TWO questions from this section in the spaces provided after question 26after question 26. .

1. State and explain the various factors that should be considered when siting farm(10 mks)
2. State five benefits of live fences in the farm(5 mks)
3. Describe five advantages of artificial insemination in livestock breeding(5 mks)
1. 1. State any five advantages of using animal power in the farm(5mks)
  2. State five factors to be considered in order to achieve optimum animal power in the farm. (5 farm)
2. 1. Outline the maintenance practices carried out on a water cooled engine system in a tractor(6 mks)
  2. State four roles played by engine oil in a tractor(4 mks)
1. Discuss Brucellos disease under the following sub--headings
  1. Causal organism(1mk)
  2. List two livestock attacked by brucellosis(2 mks)
  3. Symptoms of attack(4 mks)
  4. Control measures (4 mks)
2. 1. Explain the causes of swarming in bees(6 mks)
  2. Name and explain the uses of three materials collected by bees(3 mks)

MARKING SCHEME

Removal of extra banana suckers pyrethrum and coffee suckers
1. Banana stool management
2. cutting back in pyrethrum
3. De – suckering in coffee
Three properties of phosphatic fertilizers
- Sparingly soluble in water
- Have a residual effect in soil
- Not liable to leaching
- Have a slight scortching effect 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
Two physical properties of soil on crops.
- Soil texture
- Soil profile / depth
- Soil structure 2 x ½ = (1mk)
Four ways of classifying crop pests
- Mode of feeding
- Crops attacked
- Stage of development of the pest
- Stage of growth of crop
- Scientific classification
- Level of damage
- Habitat / where they are found 4 X ½ (2mks)
Three uses of labour Records
- Help in payment of wages.
- Used in calculations of operation costs
- Used in assessment of income tax
- Used in calculating profits or losses. 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
Four advantages of overhead irrigation
- Water is evenly distributed over the required area
- Less wastage of water than farrow irrigation
- Can be practiced in slopy grounds.
- Foliar fertilizers can be applied with irrigation water.
- Sprinkler system can easily be moved to another place. 4 x ½ = (mks)
Basic economic concepts
- scarcity
- preference and choice
- opportunity cost 3 x ½ = (1½ mks)
Four varieties for processing
- Ann f
- Primabel
- San Merzano
- Cal J
- Seinz; Keny Beauty Rutgers 10x Hybrid 4x ½ = (2mks)
Four pastures management to enhance yields:
- Weed control
- Top dressing
- Topping
- Re. seedling
- Pest control
- Controlled grazing
- Irrigation 4 x ½ = (2mks)
- Fertilizer Elements
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorous
- Potassium 2 x ½ = 1mk
Liming Elements
- Calcium
- Sulphur
- Magnesium 2 x ½ = 1mk
Three ways by which pruning control disease
- Enhance penetrating of spray to kill vectors
- Remove infected branches
- Removes micro climate to discourage pests and disease
- Maintains field hygiene to reduce infection. 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
Four ways of weed adaptation to environment .
- Elaborate / Extensive root system
- Ability to survive in poor soils
- Have short life cycle
- Have high competitive ability
- Some propagate vegetatively eg wandering jew
- Prolonged seed dormancy
- Wide range of ecological condition 4x ½ = (2mks)
Four factors that determine time of planting
- Rainfall patterns / water availability
- Growth habit of the crop
- Purpose of the crop
- Prevalence of pests and diseases
- Market demand 4 x ½ = (2mks)
Four factors that affect effectiveness of pesticides
- concentration of pesticide
- Weather conditions
- Persistence of pesticide
- Formulation
- Mode of action 4 x ½ = (2mks)
Reasons for staking tomatoes
- Production of clean fruits
- Prevent infestation by soil borne diseases
- Facilitates spraying and harvesting of the crop
- Controls incidence of disease outbreaks e.g blight 4x ½ = (2mks)
Five cultural methods of soil and water conservation
- Mulching
- Cover cropping
- Grass strips / filter strips
- Grassed water ways
- Planting agroforestry trees.
- Countuor farming 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
Four benefits of a land title deed
- Can be used as security to get a a loan/credit
- Encourage farmers for long term investment
- Minimize land disputes
- You can lease the land out 3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
1. A = Tea
  B = sugarcane 2 x 1 = (2mks)
2. - Oxygen supply
  - Rooting medium/rooting hormone
  - Correct relative humidity
  - Suitable temperature
  - Suitable light intensive
  - Leaf area 3 x 1 = (3mks)
1. To show that soil is made of different sized particles (1 x 1= 1mk)
2. C= Humus / organic matter.
  D = Gravel 2 x 1 = (2mks)
3. Texture 1x1 = (1mk)
1. Splash / Rain drop erosion
2. soil depth / profile
  - Soil type
  - Absence of cover crop
  - Rainfall intensity
  - Topography 2 x 1 = (2mks)
3. Wind
  Water
  Human beings
  Animals
1. Compost manure 1x1 =(1mk)
2. E = Dry leaves
  F = Maize stalk 2 x ½ = ( 1mk)
3. disadvantages of manure
  - Release nutrients slowly
  - Bulky
  - May be a source of weeds
  - Provide breeding ground for pests
  - Difficult to quantify nutrients contained
  - Supply many nutrients to crops 4x 1 = (4mks)
1. Operations carried out when preparing land for planting grass
  - Clear the vegetation using appropriate method
  - Dig the land / carry out primary cultivation
  - Harrow the land / carry out secondary cultivation
  - Refine the tilth / carry out tartiary operation to get a fine tilt 4 x 1 =(4mks)
2. Precautions that should be observed during the harvesting of pyrethrum (4 x 1= 4mks)
  - Avoid picking wet flowers
  - Flowers should be put in woven baskets
  - Avoid any form of contamination
  - do not compact the flowers in the basket to avoid fermentation
  - Dry the flowers soon after harvesting
3. benefits of land consolidation:
  - Enhances proper supervision of land leading to high production
  - It saves time and reduces cost of transport leading to high profit margin.
  - Makes it easy to have a good farm plan for efficient utilization
  - It makes it easier to carry out proper soil and water conservation for high production
  - Farm mechanization is economical due t o enlarged holding.
  - It makes it effective to administer Agricultural extension services under one holding.
  - Makes it possible to construct permanent structure.(6 x2 = 12mks)
1. Management of dry been production from planting to harvesting
  - Plant at onset of rains
  - Plant at dept of 5 – 10cm
  - Plant certified seeds
  - Space at 45 – 60cm x 10 -15cm
  - Use phosphatic fertilizer during planting
  - Apply fertilizer at a rate of 100 – 200kg DAP/ ha. At planting
  - Plant 2-4 seeds per hole / seed rate 50-60kg/ ha
  - Carry out gapping
  - Carry out thinning
  - Provide stakes for climbing varieties
  - Control pests
  - Control diseases e.g anthracnose; been rust
  - Uproot mature dry plants
  - Gather uprooted plants and spread for further drying 10 X 1= (10mks)
2. Factors for planting depth:
  - Size of seed: Small seeds shallow depth for seeds to emerge above the ground.
  - Soil moisture: high soil moisture shallow depth for germination and growth.
  - Type of germination: cotyledons above the ground shallow depth to enable plant to push cotyledon above the ground.
  - Soil type: clay soil shallow depth to have quick emergence of seedling above the ground.
  - Possibility of pest attack: deep planting to prevent attack by pests
    Correct explanation 4x1= 4mks
3. Characteristics of crop for green manure:
  - Should be leafy / highly vegetative
  - Should be able to rot fast
  - Should be able to fix Nitrogen
  - Should be able grow in less fertile soil.
  - Should be able to complete life cycle in a short time.
  - Should be able to grow fast
  - Should be healthy. (5 x 1 = 5mks)
1. Describe the procedure followed when collecting a soil sample from the field for testing in the laboratory (5mks)
  - Clear vegetation from sampling spot
  - Make vertical act 1-25cm deep (crop land), 5cm pasture
  - Take slice with spade/soil auger
  - Put soil sample in clean polythene bag
  - Repeat the 1-4 steps in 15-20 spots
  - Mix sample thoroughly dry and crush
  - Take sub-sample /composite sample to laboratory for testing
    5 x 1 = (5mks)
2. Benefits of using certified seeds
  - They have high germination potential
  - They are free from pests and diseases / healthy
  - They give high yields
  - They are bred true to type
  - They are free from foreign materials / are pure
  - They are free from physical damage 5 x 1 = (5mks)
3. Safety precautions when using herbicides
  - Wear protective clothing such as gloves over alls and boots.
  - Avoid inhaling herbicides by not smoking while spraying or spray a long the direction of the wind.
  - Read manufactures instructions and follow them strictly
  - Avoid blowing / sucking blocked nozzles.
  - Wash thoroughly immediately after handling the herbicide.
  - Keep the herbicides safely out of reach of children
  - Do not wash equipment used for herbicides in water sources used by animals or humans to avoid pollution
  - Carry out proper disposal of empty containers to prevent environmental pollution.
  - Spray when the weather is calm to avoid spray drift to unintended fields/ water sources
  - Avoid chemical spillage to uninted places
  - Avoid eating / handling food before washing
  - Equipment used should be washed thoroughly to avoid damage to crops in the subsequent operations 10 x 1 = (10mks)