INSTRUCTIONS:
- Answer all the questions
QUESTIONS
- Name the part of a flower that develops into:
- Seed [1 mark]
- Fruit [1 mark]
- State two ways in which floating leaves of aquatic plants are adapted to gaseous exchange [2 marks]
- The diagram below represents a stage during cell division
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- Identify the stage of cell division [1 mark]
- Give two reasons for your answer in [a] [i] above [2 marks]
- Name the structure labeled M [1 mark]
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- Distinguish between the terms [2 marks]
Homodont and heterodont - What is the function of the carnassial teeth [2 marks]
- Distinguish between the terms [2 marks]
- A patient with blood group A was involved in a road accident and required urgent blood transfusion His relatives were invited to donate blood
- Name the compatible blood groups [2 marks]
- State why other blood groups were not compatible [2 marks]
- The flow chart shows a part of a food relationship in an ecosystem
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- Name the food relationship shown [1 mark]
- How many trophic levels are shown in the diagram [1 mark]
- What is the main source of energy in the ecosystem [1 mark]
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- Name the only epidermal cell in plants that contain chloroplast [1 mark]
- The equation below represents a metabolic process that occurs in the mammalian lives
Amino Acids -------------------→ organic compound
Enzyme x- Name the process that represents the above equation [1 mark]
- Identify the enzyme represented by x [1 mark]
- What is the importance of the process to the mammal [1 mark]
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- Name the carbohydrate that is stored in mammalian muscle [1 mark]
- What name is used to describe removal of indigestible and undigested food material from the alimentary canal [1 mark]
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- Carl Linnaeus developed the taxonomic units of classification
- What is taxonomy [1mark]
- Why was the system of classification by Carl Linnaeus described as natural system of classification [2 marks]
- Carl Linnaeus developed the taxonomic units of classification
- Phagocytes also called granulocytes or polymorphs are cells found in the blood that ingest pathogens and cell debris
- Why are they called polymorphs [1 mark]
- Name the cell organelle most abundant in phagocytes that enable them function effectively [1 mark]
- Name the:
- Material that strengthens xylem tissue [1 mark]
- Tissue that is removed when the part of a plant is ringed [1 mark]
- The diagram below represents a cell organelle
- State the function of this organelle [1 mark]
- Name each of the parts A and B
A [1 mark]
B [1 mark]
- In which two ways do guard cells differ from other epidermal cells [2 marks]
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- Through cellular respiration, the chemical energy stored in glucose molecule is converted into which specific molecule [3 marks]
- Name the substance that speed up biochemical reaction [1 mark]
- During germination and early growth, the dry weight of endosperm decreases while that of embryo increase explain [2 marks]
- The diagrams below show changes in the life cycle of flowering plants
- Complete the table below by choosing the letters from the diagram which refers to each of the stages given [4 marks]
STAGE OF LIFE CYCLE
LETTER
Male gametophyte
Tube nucleus
Female gamete
Male gamete
- Complete the table below by choosing the letters from the diagram which refers to each of the stages given [4 marks]
- State two characteristics of kingdom Monera that are not found in other kingdoms [2 marks]
- State three ways by which plants compensate for lack of the ability to move from one place to another [3 marks]
- State three physiological processes that are involved in movements of substances across the cell membrane [3 marks]
- If the human pancrease is not functional:
- Name the hormone which will be deficient [1 mark]
- Name the disease the human is likely to suffer from [1 mark]
- The oxidation state of a certain food is represented below by a chemical equation
2C3 H2O 2N + 6O2 → (NH4)2 CO2 + 5CO2 + 5H2O- Calculate the respiratory quotients [RQ] of the food substance [2 marks]
- Identify the food substrate [1 mark]
- The diagram below shows an apparatus used during collection of specimen
- Identify the apparatus [1 mark]
- What is the use of the apparatus named above [1 mark]
- State two physical factors in an ecosystem that affect the distribution of organisms [2 marks]
- A DNA strand has the following base sequence G C C T A G A T C A C
What is the sequence of the- Complementary DNA strand [1 mark]
- M-RNA strand copied from this DNA strand [1 mark]
- State three limitations of fossil records as evidence of organic evolution [3 marks]
- Explain the term “Resistance” as used in evolution of living organisms [2 marks]
- State the function of the following parts of a light microscope
- Body tube [1 mark]
- Diaphragm [1 mark]
- The table below shows analogies of gene mutations [3 marks]
Intended message
Actual message
A
Buy me a skirt
Buy me a shirt
B
This is my team
This is my mate
C
Auntie is staying
Auntie is straying
A
B
C - State two sources of variations [2 marks]
- Name the diseases caused by each of the following [2 marks]
- Plasmodium falciparum
- Entamoeba histolytica
MARKING SCHEME
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- Ovule
- Ovary
- Aerenchyma tissue with large air spaces to store air.
Large stomata found on the upper surface of the leaf -
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- Anaphase1
- Homologous chromosomes separate towards the poles
- Spindle fibres contract separating the homologous chromosomes
Spidle fibre
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- Homodont –teeth of the same size and shape
Heterodont –teeth of different size and shape - Special pre-molars with smooth sides and sharp edges to slice through flesh and crush bones
- Homodont –teeth of the same size and shape
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- B
AB’ - O –Universal donor since they have no antigens
A – Same blood group hence no agglutination
- B
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- Food web
- Three
- Sun
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- Guard cells
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- Deamination
- Enzyme orginaze
- Removal of the excess amino acids
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- Glycogen
- Egestion
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- Science of classification
- Uses evolutionary relationship between organism and their ancestor
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- They have lobed nuclei
- Lysosomes
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- Lignin
- Phloem
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- Packing and transport in venicles of material such as enzyme
Secretion of synthesized proteins, carbohydrates
Process of cisternae
Involved in lysosome formation - A. Golgi Apparatus
B. Golgi vesicles/ bodies
- Packing and transport in venicles of material such as enzyme
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- Guard cells have chloroplast hence photosynthesis, epidermal cells are transparent
- Have thicker inner walls and thin outer walls for differential expansion to facilitate opening and closing of the stomata.
- Are bean shaped
- Epidermal cells have uniformly thickened walls
- Epidermal cells are rectangular flattened cells
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- ATP-Adenosine triphosphate
CO2-Carbon [IV] oxide
H2O-Water - Enzymes
- ATP-Adenosine triphosphate
- Food stored in the endosperm was oxidized to form energy for the process and also form new material for growth in the embryo.
- Embryo grows and develops forming new issues that result in increase in weight
STAGE OF LIFE CYCLE
LETTER
Male gametophyte
D
Tube nucleus
G
Female gamete
B
Male gamete
F
- Their nuclear material is not enclosed within a nuclear membrane so the genetic material is not separated from the rest of the cell/Prokaryotic
They do not have membrane bound organelles -
- Plants are able to synthesize their own food.
- Plants are able to use pollination rather than moving to seek mating partners.
- Plants use seed and fruits dispersed to colonize new habitats.
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- Diffusion
- Osmosis
- Active transport
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- Insulin, glucagon
- Diabetes mellitus, Hypoglycaemia
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- RQ = volume of carbon[IV] oxide produced
Volume of oxygen consumed
5/6 =0.83 - Proteins
- RQ = volume of carbon[IV] oxide produced
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- Pitfall trap
- For catching crawling animals
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- Temperature; Humidity
- Light ; Atmospheric pressure
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- CGGATCTAGTG
- CGGTUCUTGUG
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- Several missing links
- Most organisms especially soft-bodied ones do not form fossils
- Exposed fossils are usually destroyed by physical and chemical weathering
- Most animals are preyed upon.
- Some individuals in a population possess genes that have undergone mutations resulting in resistance against some chemicals. The mutations establish a population of resistant forms
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- Holds the eyepiece and the revolving nosepiece
- An aperture that regulates the amount of light passing through the condenser to illuminate the specimen.
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- Substitution
- Inversion
- insertion
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- Mutation
- Crossing over during prophase of meiosis
- Sexual reproduction [fertilization]
- Independent assortment of chromosomes during metaphase of meiosis 1
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- Malaria
- Amoebic dysentry
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