History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Maranda High Pre Mock Exams 2023

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Instructions to candidates 

  • This paper consists of three sections; A, B and C.  
  • Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions  from section C.

SECTION A (25 Marks)  

Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided at the end of question 24.  

  1. Define the term social history. (1 mark)  
  2. Mention the second dispersal point of the Eastern Bantu. (1 mark)  
  3. State two types of citizen responsibilities. (2 marks)  
  4. Identify one measure adopted by the Kenyan government to promote scientific research.
     (1 mark)  
  5. Give one way in which physical features contributed to the growth of Nairobi. (1 mark)  
  6. State two economic factors that promotes national unity in Kenya. (2 marks)  
  7. State one right of the youth in Kenya provided in the constitution of Kenya 2010(1 mark)  
  8. Identify the last two steps in the constitution making process in Kenya. (2 marks)  
  9. Name the treaty that concluded the partition of East Africa. (1 mark)  
  10. Give two ways through which the colonial government controlled African migration to urban centers. (2 marks)  
  11. Identify one role played by Africans in health provision during the colonial period.   (1 mark)  
  12. Give one reason way trade union movement did not begin in Kenya until 1914. (1 mark)  
  13. State two recommendations of the Swynnerton plan of 1954. (2 marks)  
  14. Give two examples of subordinate courts in Kenya. (2 marks)  
  15. Name two settlement schemes established after independence to settle the landless  Kenyans.
    (2 marks)  
  16. Identify one example of a direct tax in Kenya. (1 mark)  
  17. State two instances where national legislation prevails over county legislation. (2 marks) 

SECTION B: (45 Marks) 

Answer any three questions from this section in the space provided at the end of question

  1.  
    1. State five economic activities of the Somali during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five effects of the Cushitic migration to Kenya. (10 marks)
  2.  
    1. State five methods used by the colonial administration to attract European settlers in Kenya. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the formation of political organizations and movements in  Kenya after 1945. (10 marks)  
  3.  
    1. Name five education commissions that were formed in post-independence in Kenya.(5 mark)  
    2. Explain five challenges facing multi-party democracy in Kenya. (10 marks)  
  4.  
    1. State three roles played by Wangari Maathai in promoting women empowerment.   (3 marks)  
    2. Explain six achievements of Daniel Moi as the second president of Kenya. (12 marks)  

SECTION C: (30 MARKS) 

Answer any two questions from this section in the space provided at the end of question 24.  

  1.  
    1. State five characteristics of the human rights. (5 marks)
    2. Discuss the five methods used by the international community to solve conflicts.  (10 marks)  
  2.  
    1. State five features of African socialism. (5 marks)  
    2. Explain five economic effects of national philosophies in the development of Kenya since  independence. (10 marks)  
  3.  
    1. Name three types of constitutionally established funds in Kenya. (3 marks)  
    2. Discuss six challenges facing devolved governments in Kenya. (12 marks)  

MARKING SCHEME

  1. Define the term social history. (1 mark) 
    • A branch of history that deals with traditional aspects, values, cultural practices  ,taboos ,beliefs dressing and eating habits. 
  2. Mention the second dispersal point of the Eastern Bantu. (1 mark) 
    • Shungwaya 
  3. State two types of citizen responsibilities. (2 marks) 
    1. Economic responsibilities 
    2. Political responsibilities 
    3. Social responsibilities 
  4. Identify one measure adopted by the Kenyan government to promote scientific research. (1 mark) 
    1. Encourage the teaching of sciences
    2. Fund/sponsor research projects/programs 
    3. Build and manage research institutions  
  5. Give one way in which physical features contributed to the growth of Nairobi. (1 mark) 
    • Athi plains provided a conducive environment for construction
  6. State two economic factors that promotes national unity in Kenya. (2 marks) 
    1. Equal employment 
    2. Fair distribution of resources 
    3. Social-economic activities eg trade 
  7. State one right of the youth in Kenya provided in the constitution of Kenya 2010(1 mark) 
    1. Right to access to relevant education and training 
    2. Guaranteed special opportunities to access employment 
    3. Special opportunities in education and economic field 
    4. Develop their cultural values, language and practices  
    5. Access to water, health services and infrastructure 
  8. Identify the last two steps in the constitution making process in Kenya. (2 marks) 
    1. Presidential Assent 
    2. Promulgation (presentation of the constitution to the people by the  president) 
  9. Name the treaty that concluded the partition of East Africa. (1 mark) 
    • Anglo- German Agreement of 1886 
  10. Give two ways through which the colonial government controlled African migration to  urban centers. (2 marks) 
    1. Introduction of Kipande system 
    2. Only those who had specific activities to undertake to live there
    3. Head count of those supposed to live there 
    4. Introduction of pass laws 
  11. Identify one role played by Africans in health provision during the colonial period.   (1 mark) 
    1. Provided medicine using herbal skills 
    2. Some were trained to be lab assistants /dressing
    3. Were trained to observe sanitation 
    4. They cleared bushes and drained stagnant water 
    5. Africans started taking the sick to the hospital to reduce mortality
  12. Give one reason way trade union movement did not begin in Kenya until 1914. (1 mark) 
    1. Were illiterate and lacked the knowledge of running the trade unions
    2. Were barred by the colonial policies 
    3. Migrant labor laws discouraged 
  13. State two recommendations of the Swynnerton plan of 1954. (2 marks) 
    1. Consolidation of the African land
    2. Registration of African Land for better management 
  14. Give two examples of subordinate courts in Kenya. (2 marks) 
    1. Magistrates court 
    2. Kadhis court 
    3. Court Marshal  
    4. Tribunals 
  15. Name two settlement schemes established after independence to settle the landless  Kenyans. (2 marks) 
    1. The Million acre scheme 1963
    2. The Harambee schemes 1969 
    3. The Haraka scheme 1969  
    4. The Shirika schemes 1971 
  16. Identify one example of a direct tax in Kenya. (1 mark) 
    • Income tax (Pay As You Earn)  
  17. State two instances where national legislation prevails over county legislation. (2 marks) 
    1. If the national legislation applies uniformly throughout the county
    2. The national legislation aimed at preventing unreasonable action by the  county 
    3. Need to maintain national security 
  18.  
    1. State five economic activities of the Somali during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
      1. Livestock keeping/ nomadic pastoralists 
      2. Hunting and gathering 
      3. Craft industry/ Leather working/wood work 
      4. Trading with neighbor 
      5. Iron working 
    2. Explain five effects of the Cushitic migration to Kenya. (10 marks)
      1. Intensified trading activities  
      2. Population increase 
      3. Intermarriage er the Pokomo and the Borana 
      4. Increased intertribal wars eg Somali and Oromo that engaged in frequent
      5. Some Cushitic communities formed alliances against each other communities  Rendile and Samburu against the Turkana 
      6. They introduced the age set system and the art of circumcision to the Bantu
      7. Cushitic communities eg displacement of other of other communities eg  Displacement of the Mijikenda at Shungwaya 
  19.  
    1. State five methods used by the colonial administration to attract European settlers in  Kenya. (5 marks)
      1. Protection of settler farmers/security 
      2. Using colonial policies (Kipande system to ensure available labor)  
      3. Introduction of native reserves to force Africans seek for employment i
      4. Introduction of forced labor  
      5. Introduction of taxes on Africans to force them look for wage employment
      6. Northey circular 1918-1919, requiring chiefs to recruit labor force
      7. Cash crop growing being made the presence of whites 
      8. Introduction of squatter system ensure laborers resided on the farms
      9. Development railway transport  
      10. Establish Agro based industries to create Market for their products
      11. Credit and Extension facilities to the settler farmers 
      12. Allocation of Large tracks of land 
    2. Explain five factors that led to the formation of political organizations and movements in  Kenya after 1945. (10 marks) 
      1. Attachment of independence by India and Pakistan 
      2. Many Africans had been enlightened through acquisition of western  education 
      3. Pan-Africanism inspired Africans (Kenyan elites) 
      4. Experience of the ex-soldiers of world war two 
      5. U.N.O advocated for decolonization to maintain world peace and security  
      6. Labor party in Britain advocated for decolonization to ease the burden on  taxpayers  
      7. Lennist and Marxist ideas that were against colonial exploitation  
      8. Signing eg the Atlantic charter in 1941 between Britain and U.S.A Recognizing self determination of the subjects 
      9. Emergence of U.S.A and USSR as world super powers; didn’t have  ccolonies and therefore wanted to expand trading partners.  
  20.  
    1. Name five education commissions that were formed in post-independence in Kenya.  (5 mark)
      1. Ominde commission 1964 
      2. Gachathi Commission 1976
      3. Mackay commission 1982  
      4. Kariithi commission 1983 
      5. Kamunge commission 1988 
      6. Davy Koech commission 2002  
      7. Odhiambo commission 2010  
    2. Explain five challenges facing multi-party democracy in Kenya. (10 marks) 
      1. Political parties are ethnically inclined 
      2. Underfunding of political parties make them fail to run their activities  
      3. They are used as vehicles of assenting to power and amassing wealth  
      4. Ideological differences between leaders affect the running of parties
      5. Interference by government machinery eg the use of the police curtail their  operations  
      6. Existence of many parties undermine free and fair elections as citizens who  are not informed are bribed 
      7. Personality differences among leaders has led infighting  
  21.  
    1. State three roles played by Wangari Maathai in promoting women empowerment.   (3 marks) 
      1. Mobilized women into seedling growing to generate income 
      2. Contested as a member of parliament to be a role model 
      3. Laid emphasis for the education of a girl child in the society 
    2. Explain six achievements of Daniel Moi as the second president of Kenya. (12 marks)   i
      1. Expanded medical facilities through the Nyayo wards 
      2. Participated in environmental conservation, building of gabions/planting of trees  
      3. Improved public transport through introduction of Nyayo bus services and  building of roads and airports 
      4. Expanded Agriculture by establishing Nyayo tea zones  
      5. Launched the District focus for rural development to stir development
      6. He launched Nyayo philosophy to stir development  
      7. Was involved in the conflict resolution in Uganda, Ethopia, Angola and  Somalia 
      8. Was elected the chairman of O.A.U for two years after Kenya hosted the  OAU summit 
  22.  
    1. State five characteristics of the human rights. (5 marks)
      1. They are universal; are applied anyone in all the nations 
      2. Are indivisible/one right cannot apply if the othe one does not exist
      3. They have limitations  
      4. Integral/inborn – applied to all by virtue of being human beings
      5. Can be suspended /derogation 
    2. Discuss the five methods used by the international community to solve conflicts.  (10 marks) 
      1. Use of peace keeping missions 
      2. Use of envoys to mediate  
      3. Use of the international court of justice 
      4. Negotiations/Reconciliation 
      5. Arbitration 
      6. Religious action 
      7. Resort to regional agencies or arrangements 
  23.  
    1. State five features of African socialism. (5 marks)
      1. Political democracy/political equality/freedom of all 
      2. Mutual social responsibility 
      3. Freedom of ownership 
      4. Progressive taxation to ensure equitable distribution of resources
      5. Equity in resource utilization for mutual benefit 
      6. Diffusion of ownership to avoid economic disparity 
    2. Explain five economic effects of national philosophies in the development of Kenya since  independence. (10 marks)  
      1. Has promoted Africanisation in commerce and industry for self reliance
      2. Encouraged setting up cooperative societies 
      3. Peace love and unity has promoted tourism through conservation of cultural,  wildlife /environmental conservation 
      4. Improvement in transport infrastructure/ Nyayo bus services 
      5. Promoted Agricultural through Nyayo tea zones  
  24.  
    1. Name three types of constitutionally established funds in Kenya. (3 marks) 
      1. Revenue fund 
      2. Consolidated fund 
      3. Contingencies fund 
      4. Equalization fund 
    2. Discuss six challenges facing devolved governments in Kenya. (12 marks) 
      1. High population stretching available resources 
      2. Natural calamities 
      3. Underdeveloped transport and communication 
      4. Inadequate resources to provide a solid revenue base 
      5. Interference by the national government 
      6. Rivalry and wrangles among the leaders 
      7. Incapacity to man key departments/areas 
      8. Ethnicity/nepotism in employment affecting efficiency in service delivery
      9. Duplication of roles between the national and county governments
      10. Embezzlement of funds by corrupt county officials 
      11. Delay in remittance of funds by the national government 
      12. Conflict over common resources such as water, forest land etc 
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