History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Momaliche Pre Mock Exams 2023

INSTRUCTIONS

• The paper consists of three sections
• Answer all questions in section A (25 marks)
• Answer three questions in section B (45 marks)
• Answer two questions in section C (30 marks)
• All questions should be answered in correct English

SECTION A (25 MARKS)

1. Identify two pre historic sites where the remains of Kenyapithecus were discovered by archeologists. (2mks)
2. State two ways in which the migration of the Cushites into Kenya affected the Agikuyu during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
3. Identify the town established by missionaries in kenya as a centre for freed slaves in the advent of the 19^th century. (1mks)
4. Give one historical monuments that establish evidence of the activities of the Portuguese along the east African coast. (1mk)
5. Give two economic responsibility of a Kenyan citizen. (2mks)
6. Give one economic factor that promotes national unity in Kenya. (1mk)
7. Give two peaceful methods of resolving conflicts in Kenya. (2mks)
8. Give one reason why the British used indirect rule in some parts of Kenya. (1mk)
9. Identify two education commissions established in Kenya before independence. (2mks)
10. Name the body that made laws in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
11. Outline two problems experienced by political associations in Kenya up to 1939. (2mks)
12. Give one type of parliamentary election held in Kenya. (1mk)
13. Give two reason why the Africans in Kenya started independent schools during the colonial period. (2mks)
14. State the main fuctions of parliament in Kenya. (1mk)
15. Name one ex-officio member of the senate. (1mk)
16. Identify the political party formed in 1960 to champion the interest of minority group in Kenya. (1mk)
17. Give two types of human rights. (2mks)

SECTION B(45MARKS)

18.  
    1. State five economic activities of the Agikuyu during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
    2. Discuss five effects of the migration and settlement of the highland Nilotes during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
19.  
    1. Give three reasons why the early visitors came to the Kenyan coast before 1500A.D. (3mks)
    2. Explain six factors that contributed to the development of trade between the Kenyan coast and outside world by 1900. (12mks)
20.  
    1. Give five grievances of the Kikuyu Central Association which were presented by Jomo Kenyatta to the colonial secretary in 1929. (5mks)
    2. Explain five problems faced by Africans working for the European settlers during the colonial period. (10mks)
21.  
    1. Identify five roles played by women in the MAUMAU uprising. (5mks)
    2. Explain five reasons why the MAUMAU movement was able to last for a long time. (10mks)

SECTION C (30MARKS)

22.  
    1. State five responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen. (5mks)
    2. Describe five features of the constitution of Kenya (2010). (10mks)
23.  
    1. Name five types of courts in Kenya. (5mks)
    2. Explain the rights of an accused person in Kenya. (10mks)
24.  
    1. Outline five functions of Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission of Kenya. (5mks)
    2. Describe five functions of the president of Kenya. (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25 MARKS)

1. Identify two pre historic sites where the remains of Kenyapithecus were discovered by archeologists. (2mks)
   • Fort Ternan
   • Lake Turkana basin
   • The Samburu hills
   • Around Lake Baringo
2. State two ways in which the migration of the Cushites into Kenya affected the Agikuyu during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
   • They adopted female circumcision
   • They adopted the taboo against eating fish
3. Identify the town established by missionaries in kenya as a centre for freed slaves in the advent of the 19^th century. (1mks)
   • Freetown
   • Vasco Da Gama pillar
4. Give one historical monuments that establish evidence of the activities of the Portuguese along the east African coast. (1mk)
   • Fort Jesus
5. Give two economic responsibility of a Kenyan citizen. (2mks)
   • Paying taxes
   • Participating in development activities
   • Engaging in income generation
   • Fighting corruption
   • Protecting the environment
6. Give one economic factor that promotes national unity in Kenya. (1mk)
   • Equitable distribution of resources
   • Commercial interaction/trade
   • Equal employment opportunities
7. Give two peaceful methods of resolving conflicts in Kenya. (2mks)
   • Mediation
   • Negotiation
   • Litigation
   • Arbitration
   • Reconciliation
   • Use of religious leaders
   • Use  of Elders
8. Give one reason why the British used indirect rule in some parts of Kenya. (1mk)
   • They lacked adequate funds
   • They had inadequate personnel
   • They did not want to stir up African resistance.
   • It had been used successfully elsewhere
   • The existence of traditional system of governments
9. Identify two education commissions established in Kenya before independence. (2mks)
   • Fraser commission of 1908
   • Phelps stoke commission of 1924
   • Beecher commission of 1949
   • Binns commission 1952
10. Name the body that made laws in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
    • The legislative council/Legco
11. Outline two problems experienced by political associations in Kenya up to 1939. (2mks)
    • They lacked adequate funds
    • Their leaders were arrested/detained
    • There was infighting among leaders
    • They were ethnic based/lacked unity
    • Most leaders lacked organizational skills
    • Some political organizations were banned
12. Give one type of parliamentary election held in Kenya. (1mk)
    • General election
    • By-election
13. Give two reason why the Africans in Kenya started independent schools during the colonial period. (2mks)
    • They wanted quality education
    • They wanted to lead their own schools
    • In in order to accommodate those denied education opportunities by missionary/government schools
    • To cater for majority of Africans
    • To give opportunity to learners in schools where they could express themselves
14. State the main fuctions of parliament in Kenya. (1mk)
    • To make laws
15. Name one ex-officio member of the senate. (1mk)
    • The speaker
16. Identify the political party formed in 1960 to champion the interest of minority group in Kenya. (1mk)
    • Kenya African democratic Union (KADU)
17. Give two types of human rights. (2mks)
    • Political and civil rights
    • Social/cultural and economic rights
    • Solidarity rights

SECTION B (45MARKS)

18.  
    1. State five economic activities of the Agikuyu during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
       • Trade
       • Crop cultivation
       • Livestock keeping
       • Iron working
       • Basketry and pottery
       • Hunting and government
    2. Discuss five effects of the migration and settlement of the highland Nilotes during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
       • Intermarriages with the Luo, Abagusii and Abaluhyia
       • Displacement of some communities e.g Abagusii, the Kwavi and the Abaluhyia
       • Some were absorbed/assimilated by the Bantus
       • Trade with their neighbours
       • Population increase
       • Ethnic wars/conflicts due to cattle raids
       • Cultural exchange
19.  
    1. Give three reasons why the early visitors came to the Kenyan coast before 1500A.D. (3mks)
       • To trade
       • Some came as religious/political refugees
       • Exploration
       • Spread their religion
       • Establish settlements along the coast.
    2. Explain six factors that contributed to the development of trade between the Kenyan coast and outside world by 1900. (12mks)
       • Availability of trading items
       • High demand for goods/trade items from Kenyan coast
       • Existence of local trade
       • Presence of monsoon winds
       • Accessibility of the coast by sea
       • Political stability/relative peace
       • Availability of credit facilities from Indian Banyans/money lenders
       • Existence of enterprising merchants at the coast.
       • Availability of deep natural harbours along the coast
       • Advancement in ship/boat building led to better sailing vessels.
20.  
    1. Give five grievances of the Kikuyu Central Association which were presented by Jomo Kenyatta to the colonial secretary in 1929. (5mks)
       • Land alienation
       • Taxation of Africans
       • Lack of African representation to the Legco
       • Lack of quality education for Africans
       • Release of Harry Thuku
       • Abolition of forced labour
       • Abolition of kipande system
    2. Explain five problems faced by Africans working for the European settlers during the colonial period. (10mks)
       • Low wages
       • Poor living conditions as they were crowded in residential houses with inadequate sanitation
       • They were subjected to long working hours without compensation which made develop negative attitude towards work.
       • They were forced to pay taxes despite poor renumeration
       • There were inadequate social amenities/schools/health facilities
       • They were despiced on basis of colour/race and this lowered their dignity.
       • They were provided with inadequate food rations which led to malnutrition
       • The working conditions were very difficult as they were sometimes mistreated/whipped
21.  
    1. Identify five roles played by women in the MAUMAU uprising. (5mks)
       • Participated in the oath taking ceremonies
       • Mobilized men and women to join the movement
       • Composed songs to mobilize support and motivate the fighters
       • Acted a spies for maumau fighters
       • Supplied fighters with food, medicine, guns, ammunition and clothing
       • Coordinated and organized rural networks to provide supplies
    2. Explain five reasons why the MAUMAU movement was able to last for a long time. (10mks)
       • Oathing united people and this made them to be committed to the cause
       • Use of guerrilla warfare made it difficult for British government to contain the rebellion
       • Civilian population sustained the rebellion by supplying food, weapons and information
       • The movement was led by able leaders
       • Some fighters were ex-service men and were therefore able to apply the military experience they had gained in first and second world wars
       • The movement received moral and material support from independents African countries
       • The Aberdares and Mt.Kenya forests provided good hideouts for the MauMau fighters

SECTION C (10MARKS)

22.  
    1. State five responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen. (5mks)
       • Obeying the laws
       • Respecting other citizens
       • Taking part in activities that promote national development
       • Participating in meetings
       • Paying taxes
       • Excersing one’s voting rights
       • Avoiding corrupt practices
       • Being loyal and patriotic
    2. Describe five features of the  constitution of Kenya (2010). (10mks)
       • It vests sovereign power on the people of Kenya who can exercise it directly or through their representatives
       • Contains the Bill of rights
       • Spells out national values and principles of governance which guides the people
       • Contains affirmative action for women/youth/persons with disabilities/marginalized communities as it protects them from all forms of discrimination
       • Defines the powers of the Executive, legislature and judiciary
       • Outlines principles of land policy and classification
       • Provides for devolved government by creating forty seven counties
       • Establishes bicameral legislature composed of national assembly and the senate
23.  
    1. Name five types of courts in Kenya. (5mks)
       • The court of appeal
       • High court
       • Supreme court
       • Surbodinate court
       • Magistrate court
       • Kadhis court
       • Court martial
    2. Explain the rights of an accused person in Kenya. (10mks)
       • An accused person is presumed innocent until proven guilty
       • He/she should be informed of the charge with sufficient details so as to prepare for defence
       • One should be given adequate time to consult with the advocate
       • One should be present when court proceedings are taking place
       • One should be given a chance to plead for leniency
       • One should not be forced to give evidence
       • One should be allowed to be heard
       • One should be allowed to appeal against the ruling
       • Right to legal representation
24.  
    1. Outline five functions of Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission of Kenya. (5mks)
       • Registers citizens
       • Draws boundaries of the constituencies
       • Regulates nominations of candidates by political parties
       • Settles electoral disputes other than petitions arising from electoral process in order to ensure smooth/fair elections
       • Appoints election officials
       • Announces results and declares the winner
       • Monitors/observes the elections in order to ensure transparency
       • Educates voters on their rights/importance of participating in electoral process
       • Distributes/transports electoral materials to all polling stations
       • Develops code of conduct for candidates/parties participating in elections
    2. Describe five functions of the president of Kenya. (10mks)
       • Being head of state and government, the president represents the people locally and internationally
       • Appoints the cabinet ministers/senior civil servants
       • Chairs cabinet meetings where matters of national importance/policises are made
       • Appoints senior officers in the armed forces in his/her capacity as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
       • Can declare a state of emergency
       • Attends/participates in parliamentary proceedings.
       • Leads people of Kenya during national celebrations/important national functions.
       • Grants freedom/pardons a convicted person unconditionally
       • Assents the bills passed by the National Assembly
       • Ensures constitution is safe guarded so that Kenyans enjoy their right