History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Chogoria Murugi Zone Pre Mock Exams 2023

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Instructions to Candidates

  • This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
  • Answer all questions in section A, three from Section B and two from Section C.
  • Candidates should answer the questions in English

Section A (25 marks)

Answer all questions in this section

  1. Identify the main source of information on Kenyan communities. (1 mark)
  2. State two natural reasons for the migration of Bantu into Kenya. (2 marks)
  3. Identify the basic political unit of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period.  (1 mark)
  4. Give two evidences that shows that Chinese arrived at the East African coast. (2 marks)
  5. Name one missionary society that worked in Kenya in the 19 th century. (1 mark)
  6. Identify two categories of people eligible for registration as Kenyan citizens.  (2 marks)
  7. Define the term “National integration”. (1 mark)
  8. State the main reason for the formation of Inter-Party Parliamentary Group caucus in 1997. (1 mark)
  9. Give two ways in which the constitution of Kenya can be amended. (2 marks)
  10. Name the document that contains children rights in Kenya. (1 mark)
  11. Identify two communities that exhibited mixed reactions. (2 marks)
  12. Give two reasons why oathing was administered to Agiryama warriors. (2 marks)
  13. Identify two grievances of the Indian delegation that were addressed by Devonshire White Paper of 1923. (2 marks)
  14. State two features of Missionary education in Kenya during the colonial period. (2 marks)
  15. Give the main impact of Oliver Lyttelton constitution of 1954. (1 mark)
  16. Identify one type of elections in Kenya. (1 mark)
  17. Who is the administrative head of the Kenyan Judiciary? (1 mark)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

Answer three questions in this section

  1.  
    1. Mention five economic activities of the Maasai. (5mks)
    2. Explain five effects of Bantu migration and settlement in Kenya (10mks)
  2.  
    1. State five reasons for the Portuguese success in the conquest of the Kenyan coast. (5mks)
    2. Explain five social effects of the Indian ocean trade on the peoples of Kenyan coast up to 1500AD (10mks)
  3.  
    1. State five duties of the British governor in Kenya during the colonial period (5mks)
    2. Discuss five reasons why British colonized Kenya (10mks)
  4.  
    1. State five factors that facilitated the Mau Mau movement. (5mks)
    2. Explain five roles played by the African elected members of parliament in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (10mks)

SECTION C 30 MARKS

Answer any two questions in this section

  1.  
    1. Name five different types of prisons in kenya 5 mks
    2. Explain five factors that may undermine the administration of justice in kenya (10 mks)
  2.  
    1. identify five categories of people whose personal freedom of movement is limited in kenya (5 mks)
    2. Explain five rights of a child as contained in the constitution of kenya (10 mks)
  3.  
    1. state five reasons why the independence of the judiciary is important in kenya (5 mks)
    2. Explain five factors that can interfere with free and fair elections in kenya (10 mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

  1. Identify the main source of information on Kenyan communities.         (1 mark)
    1. Oral traditions         1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  2. State two natural reasons for the migration of Bantu into Kenya.         (2 marks)
    1. Due to famine
    2. Due to disease
    3. Through drought       Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
  3. Identify the basic political unit of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period.  (1 mark)
    1. The Clan         1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  4. Give two evidences that shows that Chinese arrived at the East African coast.  (2 marks)
    1. Remains of Chinese coins
    2. Fragments of Chinese pottery 
    3.  Information in the periplus of the Eritrean sea       Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
  5. Name one missionary society that worked in Kenya in the 19th century.     (1 mark)
    1. The Church Missionary Society
    2. The London Missionary Society
    3. The Holy Ghost Mission
    4. The Mill Hill Fathers
    5. The Church of Scotland
    6. The African Inland Mission
    7. The American Bible Society
    8. The Seventh Day Adventist
    9. The Quakers
    10. The Roman Catholic Church              Any 1 point @ 1 mark each (1 mark)
  6. Identify two categories of people eligible for registration as Kenyan citizens.   (2 marks)
    1. A person who has been married to a Kenyan citizen for at least seven years can apply to be registered as a Kenyan citizen
    2. A person who has lawfully lived or resided in Kenya for a continuous period of at least seven years may apply to be registered as one
    3. A child who is not a citizen, but is adopted by a Kenyan citizen, is entitled to be registered as a Kenyan after application.              Any 2 points @ 1 mark each (2 marks)
  7. Define the term “National integration”.                                                     (1 mark)
    1. It is the process of bringing together people of diverse backgrounds in the country
      1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  8. State the main reason for the formation of Inter-Party Parliamentary Group caucus in 1997.                                                                                                               (1 mark)
    1. To ensure a level playing ground for all political parties/ promote free and fair elections
      1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  9. Give two ways in which the constitution of Kenya can be amended.      (2 marks)
    1. Popular Initiative
    2. Parliamentary Initiative           1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  10. Name the document that contains children rights in Kenya.                  (1 mark)
    1. The Children’s act of 2001          1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  11. Identify two communities that exhibited mixed reactions.                      (2 marks)
    1. Agikuyu
    2. Akamba
    3. Luo                Any 2 points @ 1 mark (2 marks)
  12. Give two reasons why oathing was administered to Agiryama warriors. (2 marks)
    1. To unify the fighters
    2. To give them courage/morale 
    3. To make them committed to the struggle
    4. To keep secrets          Any 2 points @ 1 mark (2 marks)
  13. Identify two grievances of the Indian delegation that were addressed by Devonshire White Paper of 1923.                     (2 marks) 
    1. They demanded equal rights with the Europeans
    2. They wanted to own land in the Kenyan highlands
    3. They opposed restriction on their migration into Kenya        Any 2 points @ 1 mark (2 marks)
  14. State two features of Missionary education in Kenya during the colonial period.   (2 marks)
    1. Elementary subjects like reading, writing, religion hygiene and arithmetic were taught
    2. It was industrial and technical in nature/masons, carpenters 
    3.  It was religious oriented for specific denominations               Any 2 points @ 1 mark (2 marks)
  15. Give the main impact of Oliver Lyttelton constitution of 1954.              (1 mark)
    1. It allowed the formation of a multi racial government/society.    1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  16. Identify one type of elections in Kenya.                                                      (1 mark)
    1. General elections
    2. By elections          Any 1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)
  17. Who is the administrative head of the Kenyan Judiciary?                     (1 mark)
    1. The Chief Registrar of the Judiciary         1 point @ 1 mark (1 mark)

SECTION B

  1.  
    1. Mention five economic activities of the Maasai.  (5mks)
      1. Trading with their Neighbours .E.g Abagusii.
      2. Pastoralism
      3. Agriculture .E.g Kwavi group of Maasai
      4. Gathering of roots, Vegetables and fruits
      5. Craftsmanship especially iron working
      6. Raiding from neighbours in order to acquire more herds.
    2. Explain  five effects of Bantu migration and settlement in Kenya (10mks)
      1. They assimilated communities such as the Ogiek
      2. They intermarried with others. e.g. the luo and Abaluyia
      3. They displaced the communities they came across .eg. the sirikwa who lived in the Rift Valley.
      4. Trade intensified as they traded with other communities
      5. population increased as people intermarried
      6. Conflict /wars intensified as the new arrivals competed for resources with other communities.
      7. Communities borrowed cultural beliefs and other ideas from each other. E.g taboo of fish eating from the cushites.
  2.  
    1. State five reasons for the Portuguese success in the conquest of the Kenyan coast (5mks)
      1. They had superior weapons
      2. They had better /strong naval power
      3. The coastal towns were not united
      4. They got reinforcement from Goa in India
      5. Some towns did not offer resistance to the Portuguese invasion
      6. They waged surprise attacks
      7. They had well trained soldiers 
    2. Explain five social effects of the Indian ocean trade on the peoples of Kenyan coast upto 1500AD (10mks)
      1. It led to intermarriage between the coastal people and the Arabs giving rise to Swahili people.
      2. Africans were converted to Islam by Muslim traders
      3. Islamic culture was adopted by the coastal people through interaction with Arabs
      4. It led to new Architectural design along the coast
      5. It led to the introduction of sharia/Islamic laws along the coast –which defined the people’s way of life.
      6. It fuelled conflict between the communities as demand for slaves increased leading to insecurity
      7. It led to emergence of Kiswahili as a new language of communication as the local interacted with the foreigners.
  3.  
    1. State five duties of the British governor in Kenya during the colonial period (5mks)
      1. Represented the British government /Answerable to the British government
      2. Overall in charge of the colony
      3. Judged/settled some cases within the colony
      4. Supervised the provincial administration
      5. Gave assent to bills before they became law
      6. Appointing administrators/loyal Africans as chiefs through the district officers.
    2. Give five reasons why British colonized Kenya (10mks)
      1. To establish their control over the source of River Nile because of their interests in Egypt.
      2. To help stop slave trade in the region and replace it with legitimate trade
      3. To protect their missionaries who were already in Kenya so that could carry out their missionary work/Spread of Western civilization
      4. To establish a reliable market for their manufactured goods in Britain
      5. For prestige
      6. To ensure settlements for surplus population
      7. To ensure surplus /excess capital
      8. To secure sources of raw materials
      9. To prevent colonization of Kenya by other powers/to have monopoly of resources and power
  4.  
    1. State five factors that facilitated the Mau Mau movement.                                  (5mks)
      1. The oathing activities which united nationalists
      2. Availability of homemade guns/ammunition
      3. Hilly terrain/existence of forests provided hideouts for nationalists
      4. Regular food supply/information provided to the fighters
      5. Availability of able/skilfull leaders
      6. Use of guerrilla tactics to fight the colonialists
    2. Explain five roles played by the African elected members of parliament in the struggle for independence in Kenya.                                                                                                   (10mks)
      1. They demanded for the release of detained/imprisoned African nationalists
      2. They advocated for increased African representation in the Legco
      3.  They enlightened/educated other Africans on the need to struggle for independence
      4. They aired/presented African grievances in international for a
      5. They networked with other pan – Africanists to hasten the achievement of independence.
      6. They formed political parties/movements to demand for independence/rights of Africans
      7. They popularized Kenyatta thereby making him acceptable as a national leader.
      8. They took part in the writing of the independence constitution/Lancaster house conferences

SECTION C 30 MARKS

  1.  
    1. Name Five different types of prisons in kenya   5 mks
      1. Youth institutions.
      2. Detention camps
      3. Extra mural penal employment schemes
      4. Principal institutions
      5. District I and II prisons   5x1 = 5 mks
    2. Explain Five factors that may undermine the administration of justice in kenya  (10 mks)
      1. High incidence of crime cause delay in the hearing and finalizing of cases.
      2. Corrupt practices by some of the judicial officers and police undermine fair administration of justice.
      3. Too much interference from executive has undermined the independence of judiciary.
      4. Lack of competent judges- who pass poor and inconsistent judgements.
      5. Lack of adequate funds to run the administration of justice.
      6. Poor pay/renumeration for judges
      7. Lack of continuous training / refresher courses for judicial officers.
  2.  
    1. Identify five categories of people whose personal freedom of movement is limited in kenya (5 mks)
      1. Convicted criminals
      2. A person suspected of having committed or about to commit a criminal offence.
      3. A drug addict
      4. A person of unsound mind
      5. A young person under 18 years may be denied for purposes of education and welfare
      6. A person with an infection or contigious disease be detained to stop spreading it.   5 x1 = 5 mks
    2. Explain five rights of a child as contained in the constitution of kenya  (10 mks)
      1. Not to be detained
      2. To name from birth
      3. To nationality from birth
      4. To free and compulsory basic education
      5. To basic nutrition,shelter and health care
      6. To the protection from abuse,neglect,harmful,cultural practice, all forms of violence of exploitative labour.
      7. To parental care and protection    5x2 = 10 mks
  3.  
    1. State five reasons why the independence of the judiciary is important in kenya (5 mks)
      1. it helps in provision of services efficiently/effectively
      2. it safeguards itself from abuse by the legislature/executive
      3. it enables the courts to interpret the law without fear favour or pressure /any form of influence.
      4. It is the basis of rule of law
      5. It ensures people enjoy their rights/freedoms  5x1 = 5 mks
    2. Explain five factors that can interfere with free and fair elections in kenya (10 mks)
      1. Corruption among election officials
      2. Electoral violence
      3. Illiteracy of some voters/may make them easy to mislead
      4. Incompetent election officials can mismanage the process
      5. Rigging may interfere with elections where the wrong candidature  is declared the winner.
      6. Lack /inadequate civic education denies the electorate an opportunity to learn about the importance of participating in elections.
      7. Poor physical infrastructure where some polling stations may be inaccessible and hence denying voters in such areas a chance to vote.
      8. Harassment of voters by supporters of  different candidates/parties can prevent voters from voting in certain regions/zones.
      9. Electoral equipment like BVR kits can breakdown during elections thereby slowing the process  5x2 = 10 mks
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