Agriculture Questions And Answers - Form 1 Term 2 Opener 2021

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INSTRUCTIONS

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

Differentiate between floriculture and olericulture. (2mks)
State three characteristics of large scale farming system. (3mks)
List three methods of farming. (3mks)
State five ways in which agriculture has contributed to the economic development of Kenya. (5mks)
State four human factors influencing Agriculture. (4mks)
State how each of the following factors affects Agriculture. (6mks)
1. Decomposers
2. Pollinators
3. Parasites
State three main aspects of light that are important to crop growth. (3mks)
List four factors influencing soil formation. (4mks)
The diagram below represents a soil profile. Study it and answer questions that follow.
1. Name the horizons. (4mks)
  A
  B
  C
  D
2. Give two characteristics of horizon A. (2mks)
3. State two effects of hard pans. (2mks)
List four soil constituents. (4mks)
Outline three types of soil structures. (3mks)
Give two characteristics of clay soils. (2mks)
The set-up below illustrates an experiment to study a certain physical aspect of different types of soils. Study it and answer questions that follow.
1. Name soils: (3mks)
  P
  Q
  R
2. What was the aim of the experiment? (1mk)
3. How can the structure of soil P be improved? (1mk)
State two ways by which soil of pH3 can be raised to a pH of 6. (2mks)
Give four effects of high temperature in crop production. (4mks)
List four physical agents of weathering. (4mks)
State five categories at farm tools and equipment. (5mks)
State three maintance practices of a wheelbarrow. (3mks)

MARKING SCHEME

Differentiate between floriculture and olericulture. (2mks)
- Olericulture:- is the growing of vegetables while floriculture is the growing of flowers.
State three characteristics of large scale farming system. (3mks)
- It involves the use of large tracts of land
- Requires heavy capital investment.
- Requires highly skilled labour.
- Requires high level of management.
- Mainly carried out for commercial purpose.
List three methods of farming. (3mks)
- Mixed farming
- Nomadic pastoralism
- Shifting cultivation
- Organic farming
- Agroforestry
State five ways in which agriculture has contributed to the economic development of Kenya. (5mks)
- Food supply
- Source of employment
- Provision of foreign exchange
- Source of raw materials for industries
- Provision of market for industrial goods
- Source of money/income/capital
State four human factors influencing Agriculture. (4mks)
- Level of education and technology
- Health
- Economy
- Government policy
- Transport and communication
- Cultural practices and religious beliefs.
- Market forces.
State how each of the following factors affects Agriculture. (6mks)
1. Decomposers
  - They cause rotting of plant and animal materials forming manure.
2. Pollinators
  - They cause crops pollination helping in the production of new and improved varieties of crops for the following generation.
3. Parasites
  - They suck blood from animals and irritate them by biting their skin.
State three main aspects of light that are important to crop growth. (3mks)
- Light intensity
- Light duration
- Light wavelength
List four factors influencing soil formation. (4mks)
- Parent rock material
- Climate
- Topography
- Time
The diagram below represents a soil profile. Study it and answer questions that follow.
1. Name the horizons. (4mks)
  A – Top soil
  B – Sub- soil
  C – Weathered rock / substratum
  D – parent rock / bed rock
2. Give two characteristics of horizon A. (2mks)
  - It is darker than other layers due to high humus content.
  - It is well aerated.
  - Contains active living organisms
  - Most plant roots are found here
  - Well aerated
  - Contains most of plant nutrients
3. State two effects of hard pans. (2mks)
  - It impedes drainage
  - Prevents root penetration
  - It impedes soil aeration
List four soil constituents. (4mks)
- Soil mineral matter
- Soil organic matter
- Soil air
- Soil water
- Soil living organism
Outline three types of soil structures. (3mks)
- Single grained
- Crumby
- Granular
- Prismatic
- Platy
- Blocky
Give two characteristics of clay soils. (2mks)
- Have high capillarity
- Have poor drainage
- Have high water retention/holding capacity
- They are sticky and crack easily when dry.
- They have small air spaces.
- They are usually smooth
The set-up below illustrates an experiment to study a certain physical aspect of different types of soils. Study it and answer questions that follow.
1. Name soils: (3mks)
  P – Sandy
  Q – Loam
  R – clay
2. What was the aim of the experiment? (1mk)
  - To compare the porosity and water holding capacity of 3 soil types.
3. How can the structure of soil P be improved? (1mk)
  - By adding organic manure.
State two ways by which soil of pH3 can be raised to a pH of 6. (2mks)
- Application of basic fertilizers
- Application of lime
Give four effects of high temperature in crop production. (4mks)
- Increases rate of evaporation leading to wilting of crops.
- Hastens maturity of a crop.
- Improves the quality of crops such as pineapples and oranges.
- Increase incidences of diseases infection and pest infestation in crops.
List four physical agents of weathering. (4mks)
- Moving ice
- Water
- Wind
- Temperature
State five categories at farm tools and equipment. (5mks)
- Garden tools and equipment
- Workshop tools and equipment
- Livestock production tools and equipment.
- Masonry tools and equipments
- Plumbing tools and equipments.
State three maintance practices of a wheelbarrow. (3mks)
- Grease the wheel and axle
- Proper storage
- Clean after use
- Replace worn out wheel and axle.