Agriculture Questions and Answers - Form 1 Mid Term 2 Exams 2021

AGRICULTURE
FORM 1
MID TERM 2

INSTRUCTIONS:

• This paper consists of 3 sections: A, B and C
• Answer all the question sin Section A and B
• Answer any two in Section C

SECTION A (30marks).
Answer all Questions in this section.

1. Agriculture is derived from two Latin terms state them and explain their meaning. (4mks)
2. Define the term Agriculture. (1mk)
3. State four factors that make agriculture an art subject. (4mks)
4. Name three reasons why students should learn agriculture subject in schools. (3mks)
5. State the meaning of the following terms as used in agricultural production. (5mks)
   1. Soil science
   2. Entomology
   3. Crop pathology
   4. Apiculture
   5. Aquaculture
6. State four branches of agriculture. (4mks)
7. Name four animals that are categorized as mammalian livestock. (4mks)
8. State the difference between plantation farming and ranching. (2mks)
9. List three methods a farmer can use to practice farming in Kenya. (3mks)
10. State two advantages of practicing agroforestry in a farm. (2mks)
11. State four factors that influence agriculture farming in Kenya. (4mks)
12. Name two ways through which HIV/AIDS affect agriculture negatively. (2mks)
13. Name two effects of wind on crop production. (2mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)
Answer all questions in B.

14. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the soil layers A, X, Y, Z, J in the diagram above. (5mks)
    2. Define the term soil profile. (1mk)
    3. State the name given to the zone found between any two bordering soil layers. (1mk)
    4. State five components that make up soil. (5mks)
15. Study the diagrams below and answer the questions that follow.
    
    
    1. Identify the diagram K, L, M above. (3mks)
    2. State two reasons why soil structure K is not good for crop production. (2mks)
16. Identify the farm tools and equipment shown below. (3mks)

SECTION C (40 marks)
Answer only two questions in this section

17.    
    1. State and explain five roles of agriculture in Kenyan economy today. (10mks)
    2. State and explain five biotic factors that affect agricultural farming. (10mks)
18.    
    1. Explain four aspects of rainfall that influence crop production. (8mks)
    2. Explain four factors influencing soil formation. (8mks)
    3. Name four effects of temperature on crops. (4mks)
19.    
    1. Explain three aspects of light that influence crop farming. (6mks)
    2. List four uses of water to crops. (4mks)
    3. Giving an example in each, state five categories of farm tools and equipment. (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.    
   • Ager- means field
   • Cultura- means cultivation 1x4=4mks
2. Agriculture is the art and science of crop and livestock production. 1x1=1mk
3. Agriculture as an art
   • tilling of land
   • construction of farm structures
   • measuring distances
   • machine operations
   • marketing of agricultural produce
   • feeding and handling animals
   • harvesting of crops 4x1=4mks
4. Reasons why student should learn agriculture in school
   • acquire knowledge on crop production
   • acquire knowledge on livestock management practices
   • learn how to handle livestock
   • to know about pest diseases and parasites control
   • acquire knowledge on agricultural economics 3x1=3mks
5. meaning of terms
   1. soil science – study of soils
   2. ientomology – study of the insects and their controls
   3. crop pathology – study of crop diseases
   4. apiculture – keeping /rearing of bees in bee hives
   5. aquaculture – rearing of fish in fish ponds 5x1=5mks
6. four branches of agriculture
   • crop production
   • livestock production
   • agricultural economics
   • agricultural engineering 4x1=4mks
7.  mammalian animals
   • cattle
   • goats
   • sheep
   • pigs
   • camels
   • rabbits 4x1=4mks
8. Ranching is the keeping of livestock in marginalized areas while plantation is a scale of farming characterized by the production of one crop in large tracts of land. 2x1=2mks
9. 9methods used in farming practices in Kenya.
   • shifting cultivation
   • nomadic pastoralism
   • mixed farming
   • organic farming
   • agroforestry. 3x1=3mks
10. Advantages of agro-forestry.
    • provide building materials or fuel.
    • provide animal feeds e.g.Lucerne
    • help in soil conservation 2x1=2mks
11. four factors that influence agriculture farming
    • human factors
    • biotic factors
    • climatic factors
    • edaphic factors 45x1=4mks
12. Two ways through which HIV/AIDS affect agriculture negatively.
    • shortage of farm labour
    • Increase cost of living of HIV/AIDS patients and their relatives
    • low living standards lead to despondency
    • low food supply and poverty etc. 2x1 =2mks
13. effects of wind on crop production
    • act as an agent of soil erosion
    • act as an agent of seed dispersal
    • increasing evapotranspiration rate
    • increasing the spread of pest and diseases
    • blowing away and bringing rain bearing clouds
    • causing lodging in cereals and damage to crops
    • increase evaporation of moisture from the soil. 2x1=2mks
14.             
    1.           
       • A -superficial layer
       • X- top soil (A) horizon
       • Y -subsoil (B) horizon
       • Z -weathered rock (C)
       • J- parent rock (D) horizon 5x1 =5mks
    2. soil profile – is the vertical arrangement of various soil layers or horizons. 1x1=1mk
    3.      
       • the zone between two boundering zones
       • transitional zone 1x1=1mk
    4. five components that make up the soil
       • mineral matter
       • organic matter
       • soil air
       • soil water
       • living organism 5x1=5mks
15.                
    1. Identifying structures
       • K - platy soil structure
       • L - blocky soil structure
       • M - columnar soil structure 3x1=3mks
    2. Reasons why structure K is not good for crop production
       • prevent roots penetration
       • impairs water permeability (poor drained) 2x1 =2mks
16. farm tools
    • G- rake
    • H - garden trowel
    • I- garden fork or manure fork 3x1= 3mks
17.          
    1. Roles of agriculture
       • food supply
       • source of employment
       • provision of foreign exchange
       • source of raw materials for industries explained
       • provision of market for industrial goods
       • source of money or capital 5x2=10mks
    2. five biotic factors that affect agriculture
       • pests
       • parasites
       • decomposers
       • pathogens
       • predators explained
       • pollinators
       • nitrogen fixing bacteria 5x2=10mks
18.        
    1. four aspects of rainfall
       • Rainfall reliability
       • Rainfall distribution
       • Rainfall intensity
       • Amount of rainfall explained 4x2=8mks
    2. factors influencing soil formation
       • Parent rock material
       • Topography
       • Climate
       • Time explained 4x2=8mks
    3. Effects of temperature on crop production
       • slow growth rate of crops
       • high incidence of diseases infection
       •  improves the quality of produce
       • increase evaporation leading to wilting of crops
       • increase rate of growth or hastens the maturity of a crop. 4x1=4mks
19.        
    1. Aspects of light that influence crop farming
       • Light intensity
       • Light duration
       • Light wavelength explained 3x2=6mks
    2. Uses of water to crops
       • solvent for plant nutrients
       • raw materials in photosynthesis
       • has a cooling effects on crops during transpiration
       • gives the plants the support (in photoplasm- turgidity) 4x1= 4mks
    3. Categories of farm tools and equipment and their examples.
       • garden tools and equipment
       • workshop tools and equipment
       • livestock production tools and equipment
       • masonry tools and equipment
       • plumbing tools and equipment. Examples 5x2=10mks