BIOLOGY - Form 2 End of Term 1 2019 Examinations

SECTION A (40 MARKS)

1. What is meant by the term binomial nomenclature? (1 mark)

2. Define the term species.     (1 mark)

3. State the function of each of the following parts in a microscope.
   1. The eyepiece lens.   (1 mark)
   2. The objective lens. (1 mark)

4.  
   1. Give the formula of working out the magnification of a microscope.   (1mark)
   2. Calculate the magnification that is obtained when a specimen is viewed with a ×10 eyepiece and a ×100 objective. (1 mark).
   3. A student observed a row of 16 epidermal cells in a microscope field that was 8mm in diameter. Calculate the average length of each cell on micrometers (m). Note: 1mm=1000 (µm).

5. Explain why the image of an object seen under an election microscope is captured on a fluorescent screen.

6. Name two structures found within the nucleus of a cell. (2 marks)

7. State the functions of the following organelles. (1 mark)
   1. Lysosomes
   2. Golgi apparatus. (1 mark)
   3. Mitochondria (1 mark)
   4. Food vacuole. (1 mark)
   5. Rough endoplasmic reticulum. (1 mark)

8. Name the cell organelles responsible for the following:
   1. Synthesis of proteins. (1 mark)
   2. Photosynthesis (1 mark)

9. Define each of the following terms:
   1. A cell.   (1 mark)
   2. A tissue. (1 mark)
   3. An organ. (1 mark)

10. Name the tissues that carry out the following functions in plants:
    1. Manufacture of food.   (1 mark)
    2. Protecting the inner delicate tissues. (1 mark)
    3. Making new tissues.   (1 mark)
    4. Transport materials. (1 mark)
       
       
       
       
       
       
       

11.  
    1. The diagram below shows a specified plant cell.
       
       
       1. Name the cell.       (1 mark)
       2. Name the part labelled D and E.   (2 marks)
    2. State the function of the part labeled C. (1 mark)

12. State one use for each of the following apparatus in the study of living organisms.
    1. Pooter (1 mark)
    2. Pitfall trap. (1 mark)

13. State the name given to the study of:-
    1. The cell.     (1 mark)
    2. Micro-organisms.   (1 mark)

14. The scientific name lantana camara refers to a green herbaceous plant. Other related plants include lantana trifoliate and vitex
    1. From the list, identify the plants belonging to the same genus.
    2. From the name lantana camara, which name represents the
       1. genus name?     (1 mark)
       2. specific name?   (1 mark)

15. Motor vehicles move, use energy and produce carbon (1V) oxide and water. Similar characteristics occur in living organisms yet motor vehicles are not classified as living. Explain.    (3 marks)

SECTION B

16. What is the importance of transport in plants?   (3 marks)

17. List three main processes by which substances pass across a cell membrane. (3 marks)

18. An animal had the following dentition 0 incisors, 2 canines, 4 premolars and 4 molars on the upper jaw. 6 incisors, 2 canines, 4 premolars and 4 molars on the lower jaw.
    1. Construct the dental formula of the animal. (1 mark)
    2. What is the mode of feeding of the animal?

19. Distinguish between Transpiration and Guttation. (2 marks)

20. The table below shows the mitial lengths of two potato strips A and B which placed in different solutions
    

    Potato Strip		Initial length	Final length
    A3	A	3	4.0
    B1	B	3	2.5

    
    
    1. Which potato strip was placed in-
       1. Hypotonic solution?   (1 mark)
       2. Hypertonic solution?     (1 mark)
    2. Which potato strip would be strong?   (1 mark)

21. Below are two different types of cells labeled X and Y which form water conducting elements of the xylem tissue
    
    
    1. Identify cell Y and Z     (1 mks)
    2. Name the structure labeled A and B in element Y   (1 mark)                                        
    3. What is the main biological importance of parts labeled B in element Y (1 Mks)

22. Name two function of the colon (2mks)

23. Distinguish between absorption and Assimilation (2mks)

24. The equation below represents a process that take place in green plants
    Carbon IV oxide + water       →       carbohydrates + oxygen gas
    1. Name the process above   (1mark)
    2. Give two conditions necessary for the process to take place. (2mks)

25. Name the structural factors that affect the rate of transpiration (2mks)

26. Name the deficiency disease of each of the following food nutrients in the diet of man.     (3 marks)
    

    Food Nutrients	Deficieny Disease
    Vitamin A
    Vitamin K
    Calcium

27. State two properties of a cell membrane. (2 marks)

28. A student noticed a ringed part of a tree trunk as shown in the diagram below while investigating a certain process. After 3 months, she made the observation represented in the diagram below:
    
    
    1. Name the process she was investigating. (1 mark)
    2. Account for the observation. (1 mark)
    3. Name the tissue that was removed when the tree bark was removed. (1 mark)

29. The ileum is highly coiled in mammals. State two biological significance of this feature. (2 marks)

30.  
    1. Name each of the forms of lignifications shown below. (2 marks)
       
    2. State the biological importance of lignification.   (1 mark)

31. State two functions of the stomata.   (2 marks)