History Form 2 Questions and Answers - Term 3 Opener Exams 2021

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INSTRUCTIONS

  • Write your name, admission number and current date in the space provided.
  • Answer ALL questions
  • All answers should be written in English


QUESTIONS

  1. Name two archeological sites in Kenya. (2mks)
  2. Identify one role of the Njuri Ncheke among the Ameru of Kenya in the pre-colonial period. (1mk)
  3. Give two written evidences of contact between the Kenyan coast and the outside world . (2mks) 
  4. State two economic effects of Seyyid Said rule on East African Coast.(2mks)
  5. Give the main trade item from the interior during the long- distance trade in Kenya in the 16th century. (1mk)
  6. State two reasons why the Akamba participated in the long distance trade. (2mks)
  7. Name one example Eastern Cushites.(1mks)
  8. Identify two disadvantages of unwritten constitution. (2mks)
  9. Identify one type of democracy. (1mk)
  10. State two the roles of the Tuaregs in the Trans-Saharan trade.(2mks)
  11. State two disadvantages of using coal as a source of energy.(2mks)
  12. Outline two reasons how the discovery of iron in Africa affected people’s lives in the continent. (2mks)
  13. State the main factor that led to the growth and development of Johannesburg.(1mk)
  14. Identify two factors that led to the growth of Athens as an early urban center.(2mks)
  15. Give two reasons why the people of Asante Kingdom celebrated the Odwira festival during the pre- colonial period. (2mks)
  16.  
    1. State five roles played by the council of elders among the Kenyan communities during the pre-colonial period.(5mks)
    2. Explain five effects of Bantu migration and settlement in Kenya . (10mks)
  17.  
    1. Identify the three types of trade. (3mks)
    2. State six factors that led to decline of the Trans- Saharan Trade. (6mk)
  18.  
    1. State five factors that contributed to the growth of Nairobi city in Kenya.(5mks)
    2. Explain the positive effects of urbanization in Kenya. (10mks)
  19.  
    1. State three advantages of road transport. (3mks)
    2. State three disadvantages of space exploration. (3mks)
  20.  
    1. State six problems hindering industrialization in the Third World Countries. (6mks)
    2. State five impacts of scientific invention in the field of medicine. (5mks)
  21.  
    1. Give three symbols of national unity in Kenya. (3mks)
    2. Identify six factors which promote national unity in Kenya. (6 mks)
  22.  
    1. State five characteristic of a written constitution. (5mks)
    2. Identify five features of the New constitution (2010) of Kenya. (5mks


MARKING SCHEME

  1. Name two archeological sites in Kenya.
    • Kobi Fora
    • Rusinga Island 
    • Gamble cave
    • Fort Ternan
    • Kariadusi
    • Hyrax Hill
  2. Identify one role of the Njuri Ncheke among the Ameru of Kenya in the pre-colonial period.
    • Settled disputes among members of the clan.
    • Final court of appeal
    • Presided over religious functions
  3. Give two written evidences of contact between the Kenyan coast and the outside world.
    • Periplus of Erythrean sea.
    • Greco Roman documentary
    • Ibin Batuta and Al-Masudi documents
  4. State two economic effects of Seyyid Said’s rule on East African Coast.(2mks)
    • Revival of the Indian ocean trade
    • Encouraged establishment of plantation Agriculture.
    • Encouraged trade in the interior of East Africa.
  5. Give the main trade item from the interior during the long- distance trade in Kenya in the 16th century.(1mks)
    • slaves
  6. State two reasons why the Akamba participated in the long distance trade. (2mks)
    • Their land was unsuitable for agriculture
    • Their land was centrally situated between the coast and the interior making it possible for them to
    • High demand for ivory
    • Availability of trade goods
    • They were skilled trader
  7. Name one Eastern Cushites. (1mks)
    • Borana 
    • Somali
    • Oromo
  8. Identify two disadvantages of unwritten constitution.(2mks)
    • easily manipulated
    • Too much power is given to the judiciary that has responsibility of interpreting the               constitution. 
  9. Identify one type of democracy. (1mk)
    • direct
    • indirect 
  10. State the roles of the Tuaregs in the Trans-Saharan trade. (2mks)
    • Provided accommodation to the traders
    • They guided the traders across the desert
    • They provided food and water to the caravans
  11. State two disadvantages of using coal as a source of energy. (2mk)
    • It is bulky/ difficult to transport
    • It produces air pollutants e.g. sulphur dioxide
    • It is expensive to obtain from the mines
    • It is non- renewable source of energy/ exhstauible
  12. Outline two reasons how the discovery of iron in Africa affected people’s lives in the continent. (2mks)
    • Development of agriculture as a result of better tool
    • Expansion of empires because communities had better iron weapon
    • Population increased as a result of increased food production
    • International trade developed as people exchanged iron tools with other items
    • Urban centers around iron working centers developed
    • Communities migrated as they had better farming and fighting equipment
  13. State the main factor that led to the growth and development of Johannesburg. (1mk)
    • The discovery of gold at Wit waters rand in 1886
  14. Identify two factors that led to the growth of Athens as an early urban center. (2mks)
    • Security
    • Commercial activities with other countries
    • Religious activities
    • Accessibility and communication network
    • Availability of water
  15. Give one reason why the people of Asante Kingdom celebrated the Odwira festival during the pre-colonial period. (1mk)
    • Promoted unity
    • Omanhene pledged loyalty to the Asantehene
    • Mourning the dead
    • Settling disputes among themselves
  16.  
    1. State five roles played by the council of elders among the Kenyan communities during the pre-colonial period.(5mks)
      • Council of elders settled land and inheritance disputes.                                                    
      • Settled civil and criminal cases.
      • Presided over some religious functions.
      • Blessed warriors.
      • Organized raids
    2. Explain the effects of Bantu migration and settlement in Kenya .(10mks)                                           
      • Led to increase in population in the regions they settled                                                     
      • Spread iron working into the regions and other communities like the Luo adopted the art
      • Led to trading activities e.g. Agikuyu and Maasai, Abagusii and Luo
      • Led to exchange of knowledge i.e. Bantu adopted age set system and practice of circumcision from the Cushites
      • Enrichment of languages due to word borrowing
      • Led to cultural interaction of Bantu hence assimilated some Southern Cushites and some Bantu were assimilated by Nilotes and Cushites
      • Led to displacement of some communities e.g. the Gumba and Athi
  17.  
    1. Identify the three types of trade. (3mks)                                                                                            
      • Local trade                                                                                                            
      • Regional trade
      • International trade
    2. Factors that led to decline of Trans-Saharan trade.   (6mk)                                                        
      • The main item of trade got exhausted e.g gold and salt thus discouraged some traders
      • collapse of powerful kingdoms.
      • invasion of western Sudan by Morocco in 18th century undermined trading activities.
      • The rise and growth of Tran- Atlactic Trade
      • Abolition of slave trade.
      • The desert conditions for example sandstorms and desert insects were too difficult.
  18.  
    1. State five factors that contributed to the growth of Nairobi city in Kenya.(5mks)
      • Availability of water                                                                                                       
      • Construction of the Kenya- Uganda railway – it acted as a railway depot
      • Was centrally placed- acted as intersection of different transport routes
      • Trading activities
      • Establishment of administrative post/ military post
      • Good climate suitable for farming and settlement
      • Cool temperatures which favored the European settlement
      • Flat land suitable for railway workshops hence encouraged settlements
    2. Explain the positive effects of urbanization to Kenya.(10mks)                                                           
      • Created employment opportunities for many Africans                                                          
      • Led to formation of tribal/ social welfare associations
      • Promoted national integration
      • Led to small entrepreneurship e.g. traders to earn a living
      • Led to rise of trade unions to promote the welfare of workers
      • Led to cultural interaction
      • Created market for agricultural products in the surrounding environment
      • Industries expanded due to availability of labor
  19.  
    1. Advantages of Road Transport (3mks)
      • cheapest
      • flexible
      • faster comparing with rail and water Transport
      • cheaper to construct
    2. Disadvantages of space exploration.(3mks)
      • Lack of proper equipment made their work difficult.
      • Accident though rare have fatal consequences.
      • It is very expensive and a preserve of only rich nations.
  20.  
    1. Problems hindering industrializations in Third World countries .(6mks)
      • Inadequate capital
      • Shortage of skilled Manpower
      • Poor Infrastructure
      • Stiff competition
      • High poverty level
      • Political instability
    2. Impacts of scientific invention in the field of medicine.(6mks)
      • Scientific invention led to eradication of killer disease, like small pox.
      • It lead to cleaner, safer and less painful surgical operation.
      • It has made it possible for one to have a heart, liver and kidney transplant.
      • Some of the invention are expensive and beyond the reach of many people.
      • Invention in medicine have led to improve standards of living and increase in life-expectancy.
      • The invention of X-ray has made it possible to examine the extent of broken bones.
  21.  
    1. Give three symbols of national unity in Kenya. (3mks)
      • The flag                                                                                                                                
      • National anthem
      • Loyalty pledge
      • Coat of arms
      • National awards        
    2. Identify six factors which promote national unity in Kenya. (6mks)                                                 
      • National languages i.e. Kiswahili and English                                                                   
      • Education – pupils are drawn from different ethnic groups to interact freely in public\private schools
      • The constitution – protects all Kenyan from any form of discrimination based on race, tribe, colour e.t.c.
      • Intermarriages, sports and games
      • Equal distribution of resources e.g. hospitals, schools
      • National philosophies e.g. Harambee and Nyayoism call unity among different ethnic communities to pull together their resources for development- they emphasize peace, love and unity
      • Urbanization
      • The institution of the presidency – he represents and protects all Kenya
  22.  
    1. State five characteristic of a written constitution. (5mks)
      • It acts as a standard reference by government.
      • It is rigid and thus not altered easily.
      • Documents are available for reference.
      • Amendments are done clearly defined procedure.
      • There is a special body which draft constitution with powers from Parliament.
    2. Identify five features of the new constitution (2010) of Kenya.(5mks)
      • Sovereignty of the people and supremacy of the constitution.- all powers belongs to the people and it shall be exercised.
      • The Republic- Kenya is a sovereign republic divided into counties.
      • Citizenship- citizenship is acquired through birth and registration, Dual citizenship is legalized, Spells out circumstances that can lead to revocation of citizenship.
      • The Bill of Rights- comprises 26 rights and freedoms of citizens.
      • Land and Environment- land in Kenya belong to Kenyans types of land(public, private and community land)
      • Leadership and Integrity- guidelines of state officers examples president deputy president, cabinet secretaries e.t.c
      • Legislature
      • Executive
      • Judiciary
      • Devolved government
      • Public finance

 

 

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