HISTORY
FORM 2
MID TERM
TERM 1
INSTRUCTIONS
- This paper consists of two sections: Scetion A and scetion B
- Answer all the questions
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
- Identify two main branches of the study of History. (2mks)
- State two limitations of relying on oral tradition as a source of information on history. (2mks)
- Name the hominid which was known as pro consul. (1mk)
- Name the type of picture writing used in Egypt. (1mk)
- Identify two ways used by early man to obtain food during the middle stone age. (2mks)
- Name one remaining Southern Cushitic group in Kenya. (1mk)
- State two functions of the Kambi among th MijiKenda. 2(mks)
- State one contribution of Ludwig Krapf in the spread of Christianity in Kenya. (1mk)
- Give one example of regional trade in Africa. (1mk)
- Mention two factors that make the camel a good pack animal. (2mks)
- State two limitations of using cell phones. (2mks)
- Give the contribution for Wright brothers in the development of transport.
- Give the main contribution for Junas Edward Salk in the field of medicine. (1mk)
- Identify two uses of Bronze during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
- Give two ways in which one can qualify to become a Kenyan citizen. (2mks)
- Give two methods of conflict resolution. (2mks)
SECTION B (45 MARKS)
-
- State three functions of the Orkoiyot among the Nandi. (3mks)
- Explain six results of Cushites migration in Kenya. (12mks)
-
- State five agricultural practices in Europe before the Agrarian Revolution. (5mks)
- What were the results of development of early agriculture in Mesopotamia? (10mks)
-
- Give five factors that led to the development of trans-Saharan trade. (5mks)
- Explain five factors for the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade. (10mks)
SECTION C
-
- Identify five political responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen. (5mks)
- Explain circumstances which may force the government to limit the right to freedom of movement and residence(10 mks)
-
- Identify three national symbols. (3mks)
- Explain six factors which have enhanced national unity in Kenya since independence (12 mks)
MARKING SCHEME
- Identify two main branches of the study of History. (2mks)
- Economic history
- social history
- political history (2 x 1 = 2mks)
- State two limitations of relying on oral tradition as a source of information on history. (2mks)
- Informal can forget some important information
- One may give only the positive achievement and leave the negative ones (can be Biased)
- There’s room for exaggeration
- It does not give actual dates – that an event occurred. ( 2 x 1 = 2mks)
- Name the hominid which was known as pro consul. (1mk)
- Drypithecus Africanus (1 x 1 = 1mk)
- Name the type of picture writing used in Egypt. (1mk)
- Hieroglyphic ( 1 x 1 = 1mk)
- Identify two ways used by early man to obtain food during the middle stone age. (2mks)
- Hunting
- Gathering
- Fishing (2 x 1 = 2mks)
- Name one remaining Southern Cushitic group in Kenya. (1mk)
- Dahallo/Sanye (1 x 1 = 1mk)
- State two functions of the Kambi among the Miji Kenda. (2mks)
- Maintained law and order
- Was the highest political office
- Settled disputes
- Solved criminal cases
- Conducted religious ceremonies (2x1=2mks)
- State one contribution of Ludwig Kraph in the spread of Christianity in Kenya. (1mk)
- Translated the New Testament from English to Kiswahili
- Establish mission station
- Evangelizing the word of God. (1x1=1mk)
- Give one example of regional trade in Africa. (1mk)
- Trans Saharan trade (1x1=1mk)
- Mention two factors that make the camel a good pack animal. (2mks)
- Can stay for long without water.
- Not prone to diseases
- Hooves suitable for walking in sandy soils
- Can carry heavy loads up to 200kg
- Its friendly to human beings
- Can go for any time without food (2x1=2mks)
- State two limitations of using cell phones. (2mks)
- Easily stolen due to their small size
- Poor reception
- Depend on electricity
- Has harmful side effects (2x1=2mks)
- Give the contribution for Wright brothers in the development of transport.
- They made and flew the first air craft (2x1=2mks)
- Give the main contribution for Junas Edward Salk in the field of medicine. (1mk)
- Discovered the polio vaccine (1x1=1mk)
- Identify two uses of Bronze during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
- Making weapons
- Making ornaments
- Used as currency
- Used for making statutes
- Used as an item of trade (2x1=2mks)
- Give two ways in which one can qualify to become a Kenyan citizen. (2mks)
- By birth
- By registration (2x1=2mks)
- Give two methods of conflict resolution. (2mks)
- Arbitration
- Reconciliation
- Negotiation
- Legal process
- Mediation (2x1=2mks)
SECTION B (45 MARKS)
-
- State three functions of the Orkoiyot among the Nandi. (3mks)
- he presided over religious functions
- advised the council of elders
- he advised and blessed warriors before they could go for war
- he solved inter- clan disputes
- acted as a rain – maker
- he was a medicine man (3x1=3mks)
- Explain six results of Cushites migration in Kenya. (12mks)
- increased warfare
- Led to the displacement of some communities e.g. Bantus
- Increased cultural interaction
- Led to population increases
- Led to the inter marriages with neighbouring communities
- Increased trading activities
- Led to population re-distribution in areas they settled
- Led to formation of new military alliances e.g. between Rendile and Samburu against Tuirkana
- There was adaptation of new economic activities e.g. livestock keeping and cultivation
- There was spread of Islamic religion. (6 x 2 = 12mks)
- State three functions of the Orkoiyot among the Nandi. (3mks)
-
- State five agricultural practices in Europe before the Agrarian Revolution. (5mks)
- Small scale farming
- Feudal land ownership
- Use of simple tools
- Mono-cropping
- Common grazing methods
- Oral field system of farming
- Broadcasting of seeds (1x5=5mks)
- What were the results of development of early agriculture in Mesopotamia? (10mks)
- Improved food supply as more land was brought into use
- Effective division of labour
- Steady food supply led to population growth
- Emergency of social classes based on measures of wealth and agricultural resources
- Permanent settlements were established
- Trade developed due to surplus
- A system of government emerged due to settled life
- Writing developed i.e. cuneiform
- Religion developed
- Standards of living improved. (2 x 5 = 10mks)
- State five agricultural practices in Europe before the Agrarian Revolution. (5mks)
-
- Give five factors that led to the development of trans-Saharan trade. (5mks)
- use of camel and horses
- availability of trade commodities
- wealthy merchants
- presence of oasis
- presence of Tuaregs
- availability of capital provided by berbers
- capable rulers offered protection of traders
- Islam unified the traders (1 x 5 = 5mks)
- Explain five factors for the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade. (10mks
- Decline in demand of sugar – reduced the demand for slaves.
- Independence of America – it deprived the British of Profits made from the slave trade.
- Industrial revolution
- Machines replaced human labour as they were more efficient
- Anti – slavery movement – Christian missionaries advocated for abolition of slave trade
- Economic views – influencial economists like Adam Smith advanced argument for a free enterprise economy.
- American civil war – a civil war between North and South over institution of slavery – The North which was against slavery won the war leading to abolition of slavery in USA
- Slavery revolts e.g. in Jamaica, Antique
- Contribution of Africans –s ome Africans actively campaigned against slave trade e.g. King Nzinga (2X5=10mks)
- Give five factors that led to the development of trans-Saharan trade. (5mks)
SECTION C 30 MARKS
-
- Identify five political responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen. (5mks)
- Obeying the law
- Protecting the law
- Participating in democratic processes
- Maintaining valid documents
- Participating in public meetings
- Explain circumstances which may force the government to limit the right to freedom of movement and residence (10 mks)
- When preventing the spread of infectious disease
- When effecting a court order requiring one to be arrested
- When one is suspected to have committed or about to commit a crime
- When securing education or welfare of a person of unsound mind
- When rehabilitating a drug addict
- There are restricted areas e.g. military barracks
- When a curfew is imposed in times of war or insecurity(2x5=10mks)
- Identify five political responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen. (5mks)
-
- Identify three national symbols. (3mks)
- National flag
- National anthem
- The coat of arms
- The public seal
- Explain six factors which have enhanced national unity in Kenya since independence (12 mks)
- Constitution
- Education
- Fair distribution of resources
- Social & economic interactions & games marriage & trade
- National language ie English & Kiswahili
- National philosophies
- National symbols
- Government Institutions
- National days & Events
(2x6=12 mks)
- Identify three national symbols. (3mks)
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