Geography Questions and Answers - Form 2 End Term 1 Exams 2022

QUESTIONS

Instructions:
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided

1.                
   1. Give two layers of discontinuity found in the internal layers of the earth. (2mks)
   2. State three characteristics of the mantle. (3mks)
2.                  
   1. Name two forms of precipitation. (2mks)
   2. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
      
      
      1. Identify the diagram above. (1mk)
      2. Describe how the instrument is used in the weather station. (4mks)
3.                
   1. Define the term mineral. (2mks)
   2. Explain three forms of metamorphism. (6mks)
4.              
   1. Name three causes of earth movement. (3mks)
   2. Give three features formed as a result of horizontal earth movements. (3mks)
5.                      
   1. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
      
      
      1. Identify the features represented by the above diagrams. (1mk)
      2. Name parts marked X, Y, Z. (3mks)
      3. Describe how the feature named above is formed. (3mks)
   2. You are to carry out field study on volcanicity on Mt. Longonot in Kenya.
      1. Give three methods of collecting data. (3mks)
      2. State the follow-up activities for the field. (3mks)
6.                        
   1. Explain constructive consequences of vulcanicity to human activities. (6mks)
   2. Give three human activities that causes earthquakes. (3mks)
   3.              
      1. State two modern methods of showing direction on maps. (2mks)
      2. State four ways of locating places on a map. (4mks)
      3. Name three methods of representing relief on topographical maps. (3mks)
7.                        
   1. What is a photograph? (2mks)
   2. Explain three parts of a photograph. (6mks)
8. The table below shows temperature distribution of Nakuru town in the year 2020.
   

   Month	J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
   Temp OC	26	25	24	23	20	22	24	25	25	23	25	26

   1. Calculate the annual range of temperature from above data. (2mks)
   2. Using scale 1cm rep 5ºC. Draw a simple line graph to present the information in the table above. (5mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.              
   1. Give two layers of discontinuity found in the internal layers of the earth. (2mks)
      • Mohorovicic discontinuity
      •  Gutenberg discontinutity
   2. State three characteristics of the mantle. (3mks)
      • Mantel is made up of two layers the upper mantle and lower mantle.
      • Mantle is composite of silicate rocks
      • The dominant minerals is olivine, and femomagnesian silicate.
      • The mantle has density ranging between 30. – 3.3gm/cc.
      • The mantle have high temperature of 5000ºC
2.                
   1. Name two forms of precipitation. (2mks)
      • Dew
      • Frost
      • Snow
      • Mist and frost
      • Rainfall
      • Sleet and hail
   2. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
      1. Identify the diagram above. (1mk)
         • Anemometer
      2. Describe how the instrument is used in the weather station. (4mks)
         • It is used to measure the speed of wind.
         • Anemometer consists of three or four metal cups fixed to metal arm, that rotate freely on vertical shaft.
         • When wind blows, the cups rotate.
         • The stronger the wind the faster the rotation.
         • The number of rotation is recorded on a meter to give the speed of the wind in kilometer per hour.
3.                      
   1. Define the term mineral. (2mks)
      • Mineral are naturally occurring crystalline, inorganic substance with a definite chemical composition and physical properties.
   2. Explain three forms of metamorphism. (6mks)
      • Contact metamorphism which is caused by the action of heat, gases and chemical solution.
      • Dynamic metamorphism which is caused by the action of great pressure.
      • Regional metamorphism which involving relatively high and temperature.
4.                      
   1. Name three causes of earth movement. (3mks)
      • Magma movement
      • Gravitational forces
      • Conventional currents
      • Isostatic adjustment
   2. Give three features formed as a result of horizontal earth movements. (3mks)
      • Faults
      • Rift valleys
      • Basins
      • Fault scarps
      • Fault blocks
      • Tilt block
      • Block mountain
5.                  
   1. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
      1. Identify the features represented by the above diagrams. (1mk)
         • Complex cones (stratified and parasitic )
      2. Name parts marked X, Y, Z. (3mks)
         • X – Main vent
         • Y- parasitic cone
         • Z -cinder
      3. Describe how the feature named above is formed. (3mks)
         • Vent type eruption can build simple cones or complex cone.
         • Repeated eruption can cause stratified cone with successive layer of cash, cinder and magma.
         • Sometime the vent branches and results in the formation of parasitic cone.
         • Example Mt Longonot.
   2. You are to carry out field study on volcanicity on Mt. Longonot in Kenya.
      1. Give three methods of collecting data. (3mks)
         • Interviewing
         • Sampling
         • Observation
         • Experimentation
      2. State the follow-up activities for the field. (3mks)
         • Writing a report on data collection.
         • Displaying photographs taken during the study.
         • Conducting a discussion based on data collection.
         • Giving a lecture to other student.
6.                              
   1. Explain constructive consequences of vulcanicity to human activities. (6mks)
      • Volcanic activities result into large volcanoes which form cool, watered highland areas for Agriculture.
      • Volcanic activity form scenic beauty which attract tourist, earn foreign exchange.
      • Volcanic activities sometime results in the formation of rich metallic minerals which are mined to provide income.
   2. Give three human activities that causes earthquakes. (3mks)
      • Explosions resulting from underground nuclear tests.
      • Trains and explosive used in quarry.
      • Constriction of large reservoirs.
   3.                
      1. State two modern methods of showing direction on maps. (2mks)
         • Use of points of compass
         • The use of bearing.
      2. State four ways of locating places on a map. (4mks)
         • Use of direction, bearing and distance.
         • By use of place names
         • By use of latitudes and longitudes
         • By use of grid reference system
      3. Name three methods of representing relief on topographical maps. (3mks)
         • Contours
         • Form lines
         • Hachuner
         • Spot heights and trigonometrically station
         • Hell shading
         • Coloring
         • Cliff and rock drawing.
7.                  
   1. What is a photograph? (2mks)
      • Photograph is an image of an object, person or scene in form of a print or slide recorded by a camera on a film and later transferred onto specially prepared paper.
   2. Explain three parts of a photograph. (6mks)
      • Foreground this is the part nearest to the camera
      • Middle ground this is the part in the centre of a photograph.
      • Background this is part furthest from the camera.
8. The table below shows temperature distribution of Nakuru town in the year 2020.
   

   Month	J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
   Temp ºC	26	25	24	23	20	22	24	25	25	23	25	26

   1. Calculate the annual range of temperature from above data. (2mks)
      • 26ºC – 20ºC
      • = 6ºC
   2. Using scale 1cm rep 5ºC. Draw a simple line graph to present the information in the table above. (4mks)