Geography Questions and Answers - Form 2 Term 2 Opener Exams 2023

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1.  
   1. Name two branches of Geography. (2mks)
   2. Outline ways in which a student benefits from learning Geography.(4mks)
2.  
   1. Differentiate between Rotation of the earth and Revolution of the earth. (2mks)
   2. Give four effect of the rotation of the earth. (4mks)
   3. Highlight four proofs that the earth is spherical. (4mks)
3. The following table shows rainfall and temperature of town X. using the figure given.
   
   

   Month	J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
   Temp °C	23	24	26	28	29	28	26	26	26	30	28	25
   RainfalI (mm)	3	0	3	1	18	500	720	408	300	70	15	0

   Find;
   1. The total annual rainfall (2mks)
   2. The wettest month (1mk)
   3. The mean monthly rainfall (1mk)
   4. The annual range of temperature (1mk)
   5. The mean annual temperature (2mks)
   6.  The hottest month (1mk)
4.  
   1.  
      1. Identify two types of earth movement. (2mks)
      2. What is orogenesis? (2mks)
   2.  
      1. Differentiate between extrusive vulcanicity and intrusive vulcanicity. (2mks)
      2. List four types of extrusive features formed by vent eruption. (4mks)
   3.  
      1. With an aid of a well labeled diagram describe how composite cone are formed. (6mks)
      2. Give four examples of composite cone found in the Africa. (4mks)
   4. State the constructive consequences of vulcanity to human activities. (6mks)
5.  
   1.  
      1. Define the term Earthquakes. (2mks)
      2. Give three human activities that may trigger earthquakes. (3mks)
      3. State five effects of earthquakes. (5mks)
   2.  
      1. Differentiate between direction and bearing. (2mks)
      2. State two traditional methods of slowing direction. (2mks)
   3.  
      1. State ways of expressing the position of a place on the map or on the earth's surface. (4mks)
      2. What is a latitude? (2mks)

MARKING SCHEME  

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1.  
   1. Name two branches of Geography.
      • Physical geography
      • Human geography
   2. Outline ways in which a student benefits from learning Geography. (4mks)
      • Is a career subject
      • Creates awareness in people on management of environment.
      • One is able to acquire basic skills and knowledge leads to development.
      • Geography teaches of how to manage time.
      • Learn to develop of skills of observation.
2.  
   1. Differentiate between Rotation of the earth and Revolution of the earth. (2mks)
      • Rotation is the movement of the earth on its own axis once in 24 hours. While the revolution is the movement of the earth on its own orbit once in 365 % days one year.
   2. Give four effect of the rotation of the earth. (4miks)
      • It causes day and night.
      • Causes difference of one hour between meridian is apart.
      • It causes deflection of wind and ocean currents.
      • It causes variation of atmospheric pressure on the earths surface.
      • It causes the rising and falling of ocean tides.
   3. Highlight four proofs that the earth is spherical. (4mks)
      • It is possible to fly or sail right around the earth following one direction end up same point of origin.
      • A ship is approaching a port.
      • The earth rotates from west to east.
      • During the eclipse of the moon, the shadow of the earth appears spherical.
      • Since all other planets, the moon and the sun are round.
3. The following table shows rainfall and temperature of town X. using the figure given.
   
   

   Month	J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
   Temp  °C	23	24	26	28	29	28	26	26	26	30	28	25
   Rainfal 1 (mm)	3	0	3	1	18	500	720	408	300	70	15	0

   Find;
   1. The total annual rainfall (2mks)
      • 3+0+3+1+18+ 500+ 720+ 408+ 300+ 70+15+0=2038mm
   2. The wettest month (1mk)
      • July of 720 mm
   3. The mean monthly rainfall (1mk)
      ²⁰³⁸/₁₂ =169.83mm
   4. The annual range of temperature (1mk)
      29-23=6°C
   5. The mean annual temperature (2mks)
      =23+24+26+28+29 +28+26+26+26+30 +28+25 
      = ³¹⁹/₁₂ 
      = 26.58°C
   6. The hottest month.  (1mk)
      March 29°C
4.  
   1.  
      1. Identify two types of earth movement. (2mks)
         • Horizontal/orogenic/lateral.
         • Vertical/epeirogent
      2. What is orogenesis? (2mks)
         • This is the process of fold mountain buildings.
   2.  
      1. Differentiate between extrusive vulcanicity and intrusive vulcanicity. (2mks)
         • Extrusive vulcanicity is the process where the material actually breaks through the surface of the earth in volcanic eruption while intrusive vulcanicity this type happens when material does not have enough strength to break through the surface of the earth.
      2. List four types of extrusive features formed by vent eruption. (4mks)
         • Volcano.
         • Basic lava/Basaltic/shield dome.
         • Acid lava cones, hot spring
         • Complex cone/stratified and parasitic
         • Plug dome volcano, volcanic depression
         • A volcanic plug; composite cone
   3.  
      1. With an aid of a well labeled diagram describe how composite cone are formed. (6mks)
         • Compos cone is built up of a mixture of lava and pyro class.
         • The lava and the pyroclas are arranged in layers.
         • Thee volcano begin each eruption with a great violence ceases and the lava pour out forming a layer of ash.
           
      2. Give four examples of composite cone found in the Africa.(4mks)
         • Mt Kilimanjaro
         • Mt. Cameroon
         • Oldonyo Lengai
         • Mt. Meru
   4. State the constructive consequences of vulcanity to human activities. (6mks)
      • Has resulted in large central volcanoe well watered highlands. High agricultural productivity.
      • Has contributed greatly to scenic beauty of the landscape.
      • Volcanic activity sometimes resulted in the formation of rich metallic minerals.
      • Production of carbon dioxide used as a cooling agent.
      • Volcanic rocks are valuable as building stores and road materials.
      • Volcanic mountains are catchment areas, sources of rivers and springs.
5.  
   1.  
      1. Define the term Earthquakes. (2mks)
         • Is the shaking or trembling of the rocks of the surface of the earth caused by shock waves that originate below the earth's surface.
      2. Give three human activities that may trigger earthquakes. (3mks)
         • Explosions
         • Trains and explosion
         • Construction of large reseviours.
      3. State five effects of earthquakes. (5mks)
         • Loss of lives and destruction of property.
         • Tend to trigger fire.
         • Earthquake trigger landslide.
         • May lead to displacement of land surface.
         • May either lower or raise the sea floor.
   2.  
      1. Differentiate between direction and bearing. (2mks)
         • Direction can be given as distance from a particular known point of map. While bearing is indicated as direction measured as an angle and given in degree.
      2. State two traditional methods of slowing direction. (2mks)
         • Use of land marks
         • The use heavenly bodies.
   3.  
      1. State ways of expressing the position of a place on the map or on the earth's surface.(4mks)
         • By use of direction, bearing and distances
         • By use of place names
         • By use of latitudes and longitudes.
         • By use of grid references system.
      2. What is a latitude? (2mks)
         • Are imaginary line drawn on the globe or a map to show how far north or south a place is form the equator.