Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Form 3 End Term 3 Exams 2021

INSTRUTIONS

• Answer ALL Questions in this section.

1. Give two uses of foot bath in a cattle dip. (2mks)
2. Give four characteristics of exotic cattle that make them not to survive well in arid areas. (2mks)
3. Differentiate between roughage and concentrate feeds as used in livestock nutrition. (2mks)
4. List four reasons for treating timber before roofing farm building. (2mks)
5. Give three problems associated with lambing in sheep. (3mks)
6. Give 2 importance of growing grass around a fish pond. (2mks)
7. Outline four qualities of honey. (2mks)
8. Outline four maintenance practices that should be carried out on a hand saw. (2mks)
9. List four management practices that should be carried out during mating season in sheep. (2mks)
10. Give one function of omasum in ruminants. (1mk)
11. State two uses of sickle on the farm. (2mks)
12. State four routes of administering vaccines in poultry. (2mks)
13. State three circumstances which would lead a farmer to cull a high producing dairy cow. (3mks)
14. Give two best methods of indentifying bulls. (1mk)
15. Name four materials collected by bees. (2mks)

SECTION B: 20 MARKS

• Answer All Questions in this section.

16. The diagram below illustrates a cross section of a livestock handling structure. Use it to answer questions that follow.
             
    
    1. Name parts. (4mks)
       B –
       C –
       D –
       E –
    2. Give the function of parts. (2mks)
       B:-
       D:-
17. Diagrams Q and R below illustrate a practice carried out on livestock. Study them and answer questions that follow.
             
    
    1. Identify methods Q and R. (2mks)
    2. Give one tool of carrying out practice Q. (1mk)
18. Diagram L below illustrates the external features of a cow. Study it careful and answer the questions that follow.
             
    
    1. Using letter T with a pointing arrow indicate four areas where ticks are found. (3mks)
    2. Name two chemical methods of controlling ticks. (2mks)
    3. Name the type of animal giving a reason. (2mks)
19. A farmer wanted to prepare a 200kg of calf rearing ration containing 20% D.C.P. Using pearson’s square method calculate the amount of maize containing 10% DCP and sunflower containing 35% DCP the farmer would need to prepare the ration. (4mks)

SECTION C: (40 MARKS)

• Answer any TWO questions in this section.

20.  
    1. Describe four methods used in fish preservation prior to marketing. (8mks)
    2. State four advantages of embryo transplant. (4mks)
    3. Describe four disease predisposing factors in livestock. (8mks)
21.  
    1. Compare and contrast ruminants and non-ruminants. (10mks)
    2. Describe five uses of water in the animal’s body. (10mks)
22.  
    1. Describe five possible uses of a crush. (5mks)
    2. Explain five importance of dehorning animals. (10mks)
    3. State five reasons for swarming of bees. (5mks)

 MARKING SCHEME

1. Give two uses of foot bath in a cattle dip. (2mks)
   • To wash mud from foot of livestock.
   • To hold chemicals for control of foot rot disease.
2. Give four characteristics of exotic cattle that make them not to survive well in arid areas. (2mks)
   • Low tolerance to high temperatures.
   • High susceptibility to tropical diseases.
   • Can’t walk for long distances in search of water.
   • Low tolerance to parasites e.g ticks.
   • Poor grazers in poor pasture species.
3. Differentiate between roughage and concentrate feeds as used in livestock nutrition. (2mks)
   • Roughages have high fibre and carbohydrate content but low proteins while concentrates have high carbohydrate or protein but low fibre content.
4. List four reasons for treating timber before roofing farm building. (2mks)
   • Prevent attack from insects.
   • Prevent attack from fungi/ rotting.
   • To resist harsh weather conditions e.g extreme temperature.
   • To resist water penetration.
   • To make it durable/ strong/ harden.
5. Give three problems associated with lambing in sheep. (3mks)
   • Malpresentation of foetus / breech.
   • Retained after birth.
   • Prolonged labour pains.
6. Give 2 importance of growing grass around a fish pond. (2mks)
   • To hold soil and avoid silting of the pond.
   • To attract insects to lay eggs which hatch to larvae which is food for fish.
7. Outline four qualities of honey. (2mks)
   • Free from wax, wings, smoke, honey combs/ pure.
   • Brown yellow not dark brown.
   • Right smell.
   • Viscous not dilute or thick.
8. Outline four maintenance practices that should be carried out on a hand saw. (2mks)
   • Teeth setting.
   • Sharpening the teeth.
   • Oiling the blade to avoid rusting.
   • Tightening loose handles.
   • Proper storage.
   • Clean after use.
9. List four management practices that should be carried out during mating season in sheep. (2mks)
   • Crutching of ewes
   • Ringing of rams
   • Raddling of rams
   • Flushing of ewes
10. Give one function of omasum in ruminants. (1mk)
    • Absorb water.
11. State two uses of sickle on the farm. (2mks)
    • Harvesting wheat/ barley
    • Cutting grass to make hay.
12. State four routes of administering vaccines in poultry. (2mks)
    • Nostrils
    • Mouth
    • Eyes
    • Skin
13. State three circumstances which would lead a farmer to cull a high producing dairy cow. (3mks)
    • Incidences of mastitis.
    • Physical deformities – e.g broken limbs, loss of sight
    • Old age
14. Give two best methods of indentifying bulls. (1mk)
    • Ear notching
    • Ear tattooing
    • Branding
15. Name four materials collected by bees. (2mks)
    • Nectar
    • Pollen grains
    • Propolis
    • Water

SECTION B: 20 MARKS

16. The diagram below illustrates a cross section of a livestock handling structure. Use it to answer questions that follow.
    1. Name parts. (4mks)
       B – foot bath
       C – dip tank
       D – slab / concentrate
       E – climbing stairs
    2. Give the function of parts. (2mks)
       B:- Clean hooves of mud/ control of foot rot disease.
       D:- Hold a caricide from seepage.
17. Diagrams Q and R below illustrate a practice carried out on livestock. Study them and answer questions that follow.
    1. Identify methods Q and R. (2mks)
       Q – Earnotching
       R – Ear tagging.
    2. Give one tool of carrying out practice Q. (1mk)
       • Ear notcher
18. Diagram L below illustrates the external features of a cow. Study it careful and answer the questions that follow.
    1. Using letter T with a pointing arrow indicate four areas where ticks are found. (4mks)
       • T and arrow should point base of ears, eye lashes, neck region, tail/ and region, udder, base of horns.
    2. Name two chemical methods of controlling ticks. (2mks)
       • Spraying/ dipping using a caricides
       • Smearing with tick repellants.
    3. Name the type of animal giving a reason. (2mks)
       • Beef animal - block shape, short legs, thick neck, large and straight head.
19. A farmer wanted to prepare a 200kg of calf rearing ration containing 20% D.C.P. Using pearson’s square method calculate the amount of maize containing 10% DCP and sunflower containing 35% DCP the farmer would need to prepare the ration. (5mks)

SECTION C: (40 MARKS)

20.  
    1. Describe four methods used in fish preservation prior to marketing. (8mks)
       • sundry – by spreading fish on sun until they are dry.
       • Freezing – storing fish in refrigerators.
       • Smoking – exposing fish to smoke.
       • Salting – immersing fish in salty water.
         4 x 2 = 8mks
    2. State four advantages of embryo transplant. (4mks)
       • Used as a study tool in research.
       • It is possible to import frozen embryos from high quality female.
       • Cost of importing frozen embryos is cheaper than importing an adult cow.
       • Used to block disease progression.
       • Stimulates milk production in females that were not ready to produce milk.
       • A single dam can have a far greater impact on genetic improvement.
    3. Describe four disease predisposing factors in livestock. (8mks)
       • Age of animal young / old
       • Sex – e.g. mastitis – females.
       • Colour – black – heat stroke.
       • Change in environmental temperature.
       • Physiological conditions – fatigue/ pregnancy
       • Overcrowding
       • Contact with sick animals.
       • Presence of disease vectors.
       • Breed of the animal.
       • Heredity.
21.  
    1. Compare and contrast ruminants and non-ruminants. (10mks)
       • Differences
         Ruminants                                                                 Non-ruminants
         -Chew cud                                                              -Do not chew cud
         -Have 4 stomach pouches                                      -One stomach pouch.
         -Regurgitate food                                                   -Can’t regurgitate food
         -Can digest cellulose                                              -Can’t digest cellulose
         -Have no ptyalin in saliva                                       -Have ptyalin in saliva.
         -Most digestion and absorption occur in Rumen.   -Most digest and absorption occurs in small intestines
         -Have alkaline saliva due to ammonia                    -Saliva has a neutral pH.
         (7mks)
       • Similarities
         • In both digestion in young animals is the same.
         • In both final protein digestion takes place in small intestines.
         • Water absorption occurs in the colon.
           (3mks)
    2. Describe five uses of water in the animal’s body. (10mks)
       • Part of body fluids e.g blood.
       • Makes the body cells turgid giving them shape.
       • Medium of excretion e.g urine.
       • Cools animals body.
       • Forms part of animal products e.g. milk.
       • Forms a medium for chemical reactions.
       • Softens food for easy digestion.
       • Transports digested food products.
       • Dilutes other body chemicals e.g HCl.
         5 x 2 = (10 mks)
22.  
    1. Describe five possible uses of a crush. (5mks)
       • Dehorning
       • Milking
       • Drawing blood samples
       • Branding
       • Identification
       • Vaccination
       • Castrating large bulls
    2. Explain five importance of dehorning animals. (10mks)
       • Discourage fighting and injuring one another.
       • To make them docile and easy to handle.
       • Occupy small space in structures and during transportation.
       • To prevent destruction of farm structures.
       • Add aesthetic value to the animal.
         5 x 2 = 10 mks
    3. State five reasons why bees may abscond from a beehive. (5mks)
       • Shortage of food/ flowers
       • Shortage of water
       • Outbreak of diseases
       • Damage of brood combs
       • Infertile / sick queen.
       • Bad smell from nearby
       • Overheating of the hive.
       • Poor ventilation
       • Attack by parasite.
       • Noise.
       • Overcrowding.
       • Dampness/ leakage in the hive.