History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Form 3 Mid Term 1 Exams 2021

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SECTION A: (25mks)

Answer all questions in this section

  1. Identify one specific tool invented by Homo Sapiens that greatly improved his way of life (1mk)
  2. Identify the term used to refer to animal and plant remains found by Charles Darwin (1mk)
  3. Identify two sub species of the Homo Sapiens (2mks)
  4. Why is the period of early man referred to as Stone Age? (1mk)
  5. Name the famous building in Athens built in honour of the goddess Athena (1mk)
  6. Who discovered penicillin? (1mk)
  7. State two advantages of using bicycles as a mode of transport (2mks)
  8. State two factors responsible for the decline of Merowe as an urban centre (2mks)
  9. Identify the title given to the state kings in the Asante Kingdom (1mk)
  10. Give the main advantage of the cell phone (1mk)
  11. Identify two treaties that Lewanika of the Lozi signed with the British (2mks)
  12. Which European leader was responsible for convening of the Berlin conference 1884 – 1885? (1mk)
  13. Give two strategies employed by Samori Toure in his war of resistance against the French (2mks)
  14. Apart from river Congo, name the river that was declared free to all Europeans for navigation at the Berlin conference (1mk)
  15. What was the main contribution of religion in the Maji maji uprising against German rule in Tanganyika? (1mk)
  16. Give two reasons why the British adopted the system of indirect rule in Northern Nigeria (2mks)
  17. Define the term the Egyptian question in the scramble and partition of Africa (1mk)
  18. List two communes in Senegal where Assimilation was successfully applied (2mks)

SECTION B (45mks)

Answer any three questions

  1.  
    1. What factors led to the development of early agriculture in Mesopotamia? (5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that have led to shortage of food in Third World countries (10mks)
  2.  
    1. Give three stages of evolution of man (3mks)
    2. Describe six ways in which the discovery of fire improved man’s way of life (12mks)
  3.  
    1. Identify three ways in which water was used in industries during the 18th century (3mks)
    2. Explain six social results of the Industrial revolution in Europe during the 18th century (12mks)
  4.  
    1. Identify five causes of Maji maji rebellion in 1905 – 1907 (5mks)
    2. Why were the African communities defeated by the Germans during maji maji rebellion? (10mks)

SECTION C (30mks)

Answer any two questions

  1.  
    1. Identify 3 European powers that acquired colonies in Africa. (3mks)
    2. Explain six reasons why the Lozi collaborated with the British during colonization (12mks)
  2.  
    1. Give three economic activities of the Baganda in the pre-colonial period (3mks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Buganda in the pre-colonial period (12mks)
  3.  
    1. Outline five reasons why Samori Toure’s second empire was not suitable (5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the defeat of Samori Toure by the French (10mks)


Marking Scheme

SECTION A: (25mks)

  1. Identify one specific tool invented by Homo Sapiens that greatly improved his way of life (1mk)
    • Microlithic tool/microlith
  2. Identify the term used to refer to animal and plant remains found by Charles Darwin (1mk)
    • Fossils
  3. Identify two sub species of the Homo Sapiens (2mks)
    • Cro-magnon
    • Neanderthal man
    • Rhodesian man
  4. Why is the period of early man referred to as Stone Age? (1mk)
    • Early man used mainly stone as raw material to make tools and weapons
  5. Name the famous building in Athens built in honour of the goddess Athena (1mk)
    • The Parthenan
  6. Who discovered penicillin? (1mk)
    • Alexander Flemming
  7. State two advantages of using bicycles as a mode of transport (2mks)
    • Cheap to buy and maintain
    • Can be used in inaccessible areas
  8. State two factors responsible for the decline of Merowe as an urban centre (2mks)
    • Rise of Axum in the East
    • Exhaustion of iron ore/Deforestation
    • Deforestation caused decline of iron industry
  9. Identify the title given to the state kings in the Asante Kingdom (1mk)
    • Omanhene
  10. Give the main advantage of the cell phone (1mk)
    • It is portable/portability
  11. Identify two treaties that Lewanika of the Lozi signed with the British (2mks)
    • Lochner treaty
    • Corynden treaty
    • Lawley treatytreaty with Harry Ware
  12. Which European leader was responsible for convening of the Berlin conference 1884 – 1885? (1mk)
    • Otto Van Bismarck
  13. Give two strategies employed by Samori Toure in his war of resistance against the French (2mks)
    • Scorched-earth-policy
    • Guerilla warfare
  14. Apart from river Congo, name the river that was declared free to all Europeans for navigation at the Berlin conference (1mk)
    • River Niger
  15. What was the main contribution of religion in the Maji maji uprising against German rule in Tanganyika? (1mk)
    • Unifying factor
  16. Give two reasons why the British adopted the system of indirect rule in Northern Nigeria (2mks)
    • It had succeeded in India and Uganda
    • Lack of enough personnel
    • Indirect rule was cost-effective
    • Helped dilute African resistance
    • Poor transport and communication network in the vast protectorate
    • Existence of a well established system of government based on Islamic law
  17. Define the term the Egyptian question in the scramble and partition of Africa (1mk)
    • Refers to the ownership of the Suez Canal in Egypt
  18. List two communes in Senegal where Assimilation was successfully applied (2mks)
    • St. Louis
    • Rufisque
    • Dakar
    • Goree

SECTION B (45mks)

Answer any three questions

  1.  
    1. What factors led to the development of early agriculture in Mesopotamia? (5mks)
      • Existence of indigenous crops e.g. wheat, barley & existence of indigenous animals
      • High rainfall from Zaygroes mountains
      • Fertile soils
      • Availability of water for irrigation from Tigris-Euphrates
      • Settlement of Suwerians who had knowledge on agriculture
      • Availability of farm implements (1x5=5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that have led to shortage of food in Third World countries (10mks)
      • Poor methods of farming
      • Poor infrastructure
      • Adverse weather conditions
      • Political upheavals and political instability
      • Rural-urban migration
      • Over reliance syndrome
      • Neglect of drought resistance crops
      • Lack of storage facilities
      • Poor economic planning
      • HIV/AIDS pandemic
      • Cash crop farming at the expense of food crops (2x5=10mks)
  2.  
    1. Give three stages of evolution of man (3mks)
      • Aegytopithecus
      • Dryopithecus Africans/proconsul
      • Kenyapithecus/Ramapithecus
      • Australopithecus/Zinjathropus/Nut cracker
      • Homo habilis
    2. Describe six ways in which the discovery of fire improved man’s way of life (12mks)
      • Used to roast/cook thus stopped eating raw food
      • Used to provide warmth when it was clod
      • Used to provide light at the dwelling places
      • Improved hunting
      • Used to frighten wild animals thus improved security
      • Tool making was improved/was used to harden tips of tools
      • Communication between people living at different places became possible
      • Man preserved food by drying it over fire
      • Enabled man to migrate to colder places(2x6=12mks)
  3.  
    1. Identify three ways in which water was used in industries during the 18th century (3mks)
      • To turn waterwheels/grinding stones in flour mills
      • To wash/clean machines
      • To cool machines
      • To turn spinning machines in textile industries
      • To produce steam to drive machines
    2. Explain six social results of the Industrial revolution in Europe during the 18th century (12mks)
      • Many people migrated to towns to look for jobs leading to overcrowding
      • Increased population in towns led to shortage of houses/development of slums
      • Poor sanitation which made people to suffer from various diseases
      • Factories emitted pollutants into the air, water & land thus affecting people’s health
      • Those who did not secure employment in the towns engaged in crimes & other social evils
      • Led to social stratification i.e. rich & poor
      • Women & children were exploited because they worked long hours
      • Trade unions developed in order to fight for the rights of the workers
      • Led to family break ups as some industrial workers neglected their homes
  4.  
    1. Identify five causes of Maji maji rebellion in 1905 – 1907 (5mks)
      • Forced labour
      • Taxation
      • Land alienation
      • Germans mistreated Africans e.g. flogging, whipping them
      • Africans disliked Jumbes & Akidas
      • Africans were inspired by Kinjekitile Ngwale
      • Rape of women – Ngindo by Europeans
      • Ngoni wished to revenge for the Ngoni massacre
      • Germans despised African culture
      • Africans were forced to grow cotton on infertile land (1x5=5mks)
    2. Why were the African communities defeated by the Germans during maji maji rebellion?(10mks)
      • Africans had inferior weapons which could not match German modern weapons
      • German soldiers were well trained
      • Disunity among Africans i.e. some collaborated with Germans
      • Use of scorched-earth-policy led to famine thus weakening Africans.
      • Magic water failed to protect Africans from German bullets
      • Capture & execution of African leaders demoralized the fighters
      • Germans got reinforcement which strengthened their fight against Africans
      • Large powerful communities e.g. Hehe, Chagga and Nyamwezi did not join the war since they had been defeated by the British
      • Africans were not well coordinated in their fight

SECTION C (30mks)

Answer any two questions

  1.  
    1. Identify 3 European powers that acquired colonies in Africa. (3mks)
      • Britain
      • France
      • Germany
      • Portugal
      • Belgium
    2. Explain six reasons why the Lozi collaborated with the British during colonization (12mks)
      • Lewanika collaborated in order to protect his kingdom against Germans and Portuguese/European enemies
      • Lewanika desired western education and civilization for his people
      • Lewanika wanted the British to protect him against his internal enemies/safeguard his position
      • He was encouraged to collaborate by chief Khama of the Ngwato who had already collaborated
      • Lewanika saw the futility of resisting a strong power like Britain so he chose to collaborate
      • He wanted to promote trade between the British and his people
      • He was influenced by missionaries e.g. Francois Coilland
      • Lewanika wanted to protect his kingdom from attacks by other African communities e.g. Ndebele (2x6=12mks)
  2.  
    1. Give three economic activities of the Baganda in the pre-colonial period (3mks)
      • Grew crops e.g. bananas
      • Practiced hunting and gathering
      • Engaged in trade – long distance trade
      • Fished in Lake Victoria
      • Made clothes from barks
      • Practiced basketry & pottery
      • Iron working (1x3=3mks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Buganda in the pre-colonial period (12mks)
      • Headed by king - Kabaka
      • Kingship was hereditary
      • Kabaka was assisted by prime minister. Treasurer and chief justice
      • Had parliament called Lukiiko
      • Had standing army
      • Kingdom divided into Sazas headed by Saza chief
      • Saza further divided into Gombolola under Gombolola chiefs
      • Gombolola further divided into Miluka under Miluka chiefs (2x6=12mks)
  3.  
    1. Outline five reasons why Samori Toure’s second empire was not suitable (5mks)
      • He was cut off from his gold mine at Bure
      • He was cut off from Freetown where he used to buy fire arms
      • The southern frontier of his empire was open to French attacks from Ivory Coast
      • He was surrounded by enemies from all sides
      • He was at war with the communities he had attacked during his expansion campaign
    2. Explain five factors that led to the defeat of Samori Toure by the French (10mks)
      • The constant movement of his army and people denied him time to concentrate on gainful activities resulting in inadequate food supplies
      • The scorched-earth-policy he employed when fighting made his people impoverished and they turned against him
      • Some African communities in the area supported the French against Samori Toure e.g. Tieba of Sikasso and Ahmed Sekou of Tuklor Empire
      • The French had superior weapons
      • Non-Mandinka and non Muslim in his empire supported the French because he had mistreated them.
      • The British refused to support Samori Toure against the French
      • Establishment of second empire to the East denied him access to fire arms
      • He was cut off from Bure gold mines     (2x5=10mks)
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