History P1 Questions and Answers - Form 3 Term 3 Opener Exams 2022

Instructions to candidates

1. This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C
2. Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.
3. Answers to all the questions must be written in the foolscaps provided.
4. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no questions are missing.
5. Candidates should answer the questions in English.

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section.

1. Give two reasons for studying government (2mks)
2. Identify the main reason why the Mijikenda lived in Kaya (1mk)
3. Identify two social  activities which the Agikuyu acquired as a result of interacting with the southern cushites during their settlement in Kenya (2mks)
4. Give one reason why Seyyid Said took direct control of the settlements along the Kenyan Coast in 1806 (1mk)
5. Identify one way of becoming a citizen of Kenya (1mk)
6. Give two symbols of National Unity (2mks)
7. Name the type of constitution used in Kenya (1mk)
8. Identify one group of people that monitor human rights in Kenya (1mk)
9. Identify two ways in which the Maasai benefited from their collaboration with the British (2mks)
10. State two duties of the British Governor in Kenya during the colonial period (2mks)
11. Give two reasons why Africans moved to towns during the colonial period (2mks)
12. Name one pioneer settler farmer during the colonial period in Kenya(1mk)
13. Give one reason why Africans were denied equal educational opportunities with other races (1mk)
14. What was the main reason for the formation of Ukamba Members Association? (1mk)
15. Name the first African to be nominated to the Legislature council in 1944 (1mk)
16. Name two African political parties whose leaders attended the 2nd Lancaster House Conference in 1962 (2mks)
17. Name two African leaders who were detained in 1952 at the declaration of a state of emergency (2mks)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer any THREE questions from this section

18. a) State five economic activities of the Borana during the pre-colonial period (5mks)
    b) Describe the political organization of the Luo during the pre-colonial period (10mks)
19. a) State five factors which influenced Akamba to participate in long distance trade in the 19th century (5mks)
    b) Describe five effects of long distance trade on the coastal people (10mks)
20. a) Give five reasons for the construction of the Uganda railway (5mks)
    b) Explain five problems encountered during the construction of the railway (10mks)
21. a) State five demands made by East African Association (EAA) to the British colonial government in Kenya (5mks)
    b) Explain five factors that promoted the rise of African Nationalism in Kenya after 1945 (10mks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)
Answer any TWO questions from this section

22. a) Give three conditions a person should meet to qualify to be a citizen by birth (3mks)
    b) Explain six social rights of an individual in Kenya (12mks)
23. a) Give three economic factors that promote National Unity in Kenya (3mks)
    b) Explain six factors that undermine National Unity in Kenya (12mks)
24. a) Give three challenges that have faced the constitution review process in Kenya (3mks)
    b) Explain the main features of the Independence constitution of 1962 (12mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Give two reasons for studying government (1x2=2mks)
   • To understand how different organs of government function
   •  To understand how laws are made/enforced
   •  Enable citizens know their rights
   •  To be able to compare political systems of the world
   •  To have knowledge of the duties/responsibilities of citizens
   •  To understand how the government raises/spends revenue
2.  Identify the main reason why the Mijikenda lived in Kaya (1x1=1mk)
   •  To enhance their security
3. Identify two social activities which the Agikuyu acquired as a result of interacting with the southern Cushites during their settlement in Kenya (1x2=2mks)
   • circumcision
   • Age set
   • Taboo against
4. Give one reason why Seyyid Said took direct control of the settlements along the Kenyan Coast in 1806 (1x1=1mk)
   • Control Indian Ocean trade
   • To have maximum economic control
   • To ensure revenue from taxes was remitted to Oman
   • Fred Kubai
5. Identify one way of becoming a citizen of Kenya (1x1=1mk)
   • By birth
   • By registration
6. Give two symbols of National Unity (1x2=2mks)
   • Coat of arms
   • Public Seal
   • National Anthem
   • National flag
7. Name the type of constitution used in Kenya (1x1=1mk)
   • Written constitution
8. Identify one group of people that monitor human rights in Kenya (1X1=1mk)
   • Religious group
   • The police
   • The mass media
   • Lawyers and judges
   • Amnesty international
   • Federation of women lawyers
   • Special groups like KNHREC
9. Identify two ways in which the Maasai benefited from their collaboration with the British (1x2=2mks)
   • The Maasai were protected against raids by their neighbours
   • Maasai leader (Lenana) was made paramount chief
   • Maasai were rewarded with cattle acquired from un-cooperative people e.g. Nandi and Agikuyu
   • Their warriors were employed as mercenaries
10. State two duties of the British Governor in Kenya during the colonial period(1x2=2mks)
    • Appointing administrators
    • Supervised the provincial administration
    • Gave assent to bills before they became law
    • Represented the British government in the colony
11. Give two reasons why Africans moved to towns during the colonial period(1x2=2mks)
    • They did not want to pay taxes/forced labour
    • They were attracted by social amenities
    • Because of land alienation
    • Some wanted to open up business
    • Towns offered higher job prospects
12. Name the pioneer farmer during the colonial period (1mk) (1x1=1mk)
    • Lord Dalamare
13. Give one reason why Africans were denied equal educational opportunities with other races (1x1=1mk)
    • Fear of competition from educated Africans
    • Europeans aimed at producing and maintaining a semi-skilled labour force in the colony
14. What was the main reason for the formation of Ukamba Members Association?(1x1=1mk)
    • To oppose the colonial policy of destocking
15. Name the first African to be nominated to the Legislative council in 1944(1x1=1mk)
    • Eliud Mathu
16. Name two African political parties whose leaders attended the 2nd Lancaster House Conference in 1962 (1X2=2mks)
    • Kenya African National Union (KANU)
    • Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU)
17. Name two African leaders who were detained in 1952 at the declaration of a state of emergency (1x2=2mks)
    • Jomo Kenyatta
    • Bildad Kaggia
    • Kung’u Karumba
    • Paul Ngei
    • Achieng Oneko
18.                
    1. State five economic activities of the Borana during the pre-colonial period (5x1=5mks)
       • They participated in trade
       • They kept livestock
       • They hunted wild animals
       • They were gatherers
       • They practiced fishing
       • They made iron tools
       • They grew food crops
    2. Describe the political organization of the Luo during the pre-colonial period (5x2=10mks)
       • The family was the lowest unit and its head was the father who was referred as Jaduong
       • Several related families formed a clan
       • There were lineage councils (Buch Dhoot) which settled domestic issues
       • A council of elders existed in the clan which was responsible for settling inter-family disputes
       • Clans were grouped together to form Oganda headed by a chief (Ruoth)
       • There existed a council of elders (Buch Piny) which comprised of representatives from each clan and mainly settled inter-clan disputes
       • There was a class of warriors (Thuondi) headed by a war leader (Osumba Mrwayi) and its main responsibility was to defended the community
       • The Luo was a decentralized community as they did not have an overall leader
19.                                
    1. State five factors which influenced Akamba to participate in long distance trade in the 19th century(5x1=5mks)
       • Central/strategic location between the coast and interior
       • Existence of trade items
       • Existence of markets for trade goods
       • Existence of trade merchants e.g. Kivoi
       • Demand for goods
       • Drought/unreliable rainfall in their area
    2. Describe five effects of long distance trade (5x2=10mks)
       • It led to the emergence of urban centres
       • It led to the emergence of a class of wealthy people
       • Led to the acquisition of foreign goods leading to decline of local industries
       • Introduction of new crops leading to increased food production
       • Some people were converted into Islam by Muslim traders
       • People were introduced to money economy
       • African slave labour led to the development of plantation agriculture along the coast
       • There was depopulation as many Africans were sold as slaves
       • It caused untold suffering/misery as people were raided and captured as slaves
       • It opened up the interior of East Africa leading to colonization
       • The trade routes later developed into roads and highways
20.                          
    1. Give five reasons for the construction of the Uganda railway (1x5=5mks)
       • To facilitate faster movement of troops into the interior
       • To ensure effective administration and control over the British protectorate
       • To facilitate abolition of slave trade
       • To open up land locked Uganda with the coast
       • To enable the British to protect her strategic interest in the region
       • To facilitate exploitation of resources in the region
    2. Explain five problems encountered during the construction of the railway 5x2=(10mks)
       • There was shortage of labourers as Africans were unwilling to provide labour
       • Adverse climatic conditions delayed construction work
       • Attack by tropical diseases and jiggers slowed down construction
       • The scarcity of essential supplies
       • Hostility from Africans who were against the construction on their land
       • The terrain/escarpment posed engineering problems
       • Attack by man eating lions at Tsavo
       • There were delays in delivery of construction materials
       • Importation of coolies, and clerks was expensive
       • Transportation of some materials was expensive because they were bulky
21.                            
    1. State five demands made by East African Association (EAA) to the British colonial government in Kenya (1x5=5mks)
       • Demanded for the return of their alienated land
       • Wanted abolition of taxes
       • Demanded abolition of the Kipande
       • Demanded for better working and living conditions
       • Wanted forced labour abolished
       • Demanded for elections to the Legco
       • Demanded for better education for Africans
       • Demanded for the revocation of colonial status
    2. Explain five factors that promoted the rise of African Nationalism in Kenya after 1945 (5x2=10mks)
       • Acquisition of western education which acted as an eye opener to their political rights
       • Experiences of the ex-soldiers which made them realize that Europeans were not superior
       • The rise of the labour party in Britain which realized that colonies were expensive to administer
       • The support given by Pan-Africanists in demanding for political freedom
       • The granting of independence to India in 1947 and Ghana in 1957 inspired Africans
       • The formation of United Nations in 1945 which favoured decolonization policy inspired Africans to press on for Independence
       • Failure of the colonial government to reward ex-soldiers
       • Signing of the Atlantic treaty in 1941
       • Rise of super powers USA and USSR who favoured decolonization
22.                          
    1. Give three conditions a person should meet to qualify to be a citizen by birth (3x1=3mks)
       • If the father or mother of the person is a Kenyan citizen
       • A child found in Kenya who appears to be less than eight years of age and whose nationality and parents are not known
       • A former Kenyan citizen by birth who applies to regain citizenship
    2. Explain six social rights of an individual in Kenya (6x2=12mks)
       • Right to health care services which are of reasonable standards
       • Right to housing facilities
       • Right to have adequate food
       • Right to supply of water which is clean and safe
       • Right to accessible formal education
       • Right to embrace culture
       • Right to a clean environment/sanitation which is free from pollution
       • Right to appropriate social security
       • Right to basic needs eg food , housing and clothing
23.                                  
    1. Give three economic factors that promote National Unity in Kenya (1x3=3mks)
       • Equitable distribution of resources
       • Commercial interaction/trade
       • Equal employment opportunities
       • Use of a common currency
    2. Explain six factors that undermine National Unity in Kenya (6x2=12mks)
       • Tribalism – favouritism based on tribe
       • Nepotism - favouritism based on tribe on relatives/unfair treatment of other people
       • Racism – colour discrimination
       • Poverty
       • Greed – e.g. land grabbing
       • Hate speech
       • Intolerance to divergent views
       • Party membership
       • Different religious beliefs
       • Corruption which violates people’s rights to equal treatment
         (any 6 well explained points)
24.                                
    1. Give three challenges that have faced the constitution review process in Kenya (3x1=3mks)
       • Lack of a consensus on contentious issues among stakeholders
       • Political interference
       • Selfish ambitions by politicians
       • Financial constraints/inadequate funds
       • Disagreements on the mode to be followed
       • Illiteracy among the masses
    2. Explain the main features of the Independence constitution of 1962 (6x2=12mks)
       • It was based on West Minister parliamentary system
       • Government was headed by a Prime minister
       • National Assembly was bi-cameral; senate and House of representatives
       • It advocated for Majimboism. The country was divided into seven regions
       • Rights of minorities were protected
       • Civil service was cushioned against corruption
       • Bill of rights was incorporated to guard against human rights abuses.
       • It provided for an independent judiciary and set up Judicial Service Commission
       • It provided for separation of powers
       • It provided for an Electoral Commission
       • Defined citizenship status of all the people in the country
       • It provided for the public service commission to recruit, dismiss promote and transfer