Geography Questions and Answers - Form 3 Term 1 Opener Exams 2023

1.  
   1. Outline three ways a student benefit from learning geography. (3mks)
   2.  
      
      1. Define the term weather. (2mks)
      2. The table below shows the temperature and rainfall readings for station K in one week. Use it to answer the questions below.
         

         Day	Mon	Tue	Wed	Thur	Fri	Sat	Sun
         Temp °C	23	23	24	21	25	25	23
         Rainfall (mm)	50	49	55	45	60	60	49

         Calculate:
         1. The range of temperature for the week. (1mk)
         2. The weekly rainfall total (2mks)
   3. Give four characteristics of stratosphere. (4mks)
2.  
   1.  
      1. What is a rock? (2mks)
      2. Describe three ways through which sedimentary rocks are formed. (6mks)
   2. Give examples of each of the following igneous rocks.
      1. Plutonic rocks (1mk)
      2. Hypabyssal rocks (1mk)
      3. Volcanic rocks (1mk)
   3. Students of Charakali High School were to carry out field study of rocks within the vicinity of their school.
      1. Name three secondary source of information they would use to prepare for field study. (3mks)
      2. State four activities they would carry out during the field study. (4mks)
      3. State three problems they likely to face during the study. (3mks)
3. Study the diagram below and answer the question that follows.
    
   
   1.  
      1. What force is depicted on the diagram above? (1mk)
      2. Identify the type of fault shown on the diagram. (1mk)
   2. List three features formed due to faulting. (3mks)
4.  
   1. List two factors that influence the climate of a place. (2mks)
   2. The map below shows the climate regions of Kenya. 
      
      Name the climatic regions marked A, B, C. (3mks)
      1. A
      2. B
      3. C
5.  
   1. Identify three natural vegetation types found in Africa. (3mks)
   2. State five characteristics of Tropical Monsoon Forests. (5mks)
6.  
   1. Give two differences between hardwood and softwood forests. (4mks)
   2. State four problems facing forestry in Canada. (4mks)
   3. Explain four measures of management and conservation of forests. (8mks)
7. State three disadvantages of presenting statistical data using compound bar graphs (3mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.  
   1. Outline three ways a student benefit from learning geography. (3mks)
      • Learners are able to explain the origin of the earth and solar system.
      • Learners develop skills of observation reading analysing.
      • Help the learner to study the way of life as they interact.
   2.  
      1. Define the term weather. (2mks)
         • Is the condition of the atmosphere of a given place at specific time over a short period of time
           Calculate:
      2. The table below shows the temperature and rainfall readings for station K in one week. Use it to answer the questions below'
         Calculate
         1. The range of temperature for the week. (1mk)
            1. 25 – 21 = 4°C
         2. The weekly rainfall (2mks)
            = 50 + 49 + 55 +45 + 60 + 60 + 49
            = 368mm
   3. Give four characteristics of stratosphere. (4mks)
      • Is a layer above, troposphere 
      • Contain very little dust and water vapour
      • No cloud is found in this layer
      • Temperature increase with increase in altitude
      • Wind are light in the lower parts 
      • Upper limit of stratosphere is marked by stratopause.
2.  
   1.  
      1. 'What is a rock? (2mks)
         • A rock is a substance made up of minerals or combination of mineral particles cemented together to form a solid part of the earth crust.
      2. Describe three ways through which sedimentary rocks are formed. (6mks)
         • Mechanically formed sedimentary rocks- formed when eroded rock material are transported by agents and deposited in layers.
         • Organically formed sedimentary rocks are formed when remains of previous existing plants and animals are accumulated over a period of time forming layers.
         • Chemically formed sedimentary rocks are formed when rocks are precipitated or when a solution of salt is evaporated and particles accumulated in layers.
   2. Give examples of each of the following igneous rocks.
      1. Plutonic rocks (1mk)
         • Granite, Syenite, gabbro, diorite, Peridotite
      2. Hypabyssal rocks (1mk)
         • Dolerite, porphyrite, porphyry, Lamprophyre
      3. Volcanic rocks (1mk)
         • Andesite, Pumice, Trachyte, Rhyolite, Basalt scoria, Phonolite, obsidian
   3. Students of Charakali High School were to carry out field study of rocks within the vicinity of their school.
      1. Name three secondary source of information they would use to prepare for field study. (3mks)
         • Textbook/magazine, newspaper
         • Maps/ geological maps
         • Photographs/pictures/films
         • Tape recorded information
      2. State four activities they would carry out during the field study. (4mks)
         • Drawing of sketches 
         • Observations 
         • Collecting rock samples
         • Making notes
         • Asking questions 
           
         • Studying geological maps
      3. State three problems they likely to face during the study. (3mks)
         • Harsh weather condition – Hot sun
         • Inaccessibility 
         • Hostility from unfriendly people
         • Fatigue
3. Study the diagram below and answer the question that follows.
   1.  
      1. What force is depicted on the diagram above? (1mk)
         • Compressional force
   2. Name the type of fault shown on the diagram. (1mk)
      • Reversal fault
   3. Name three features that are likely to result from the kind of force shown on the diagram. (3mks)
      • Horst/block mountain
      • Rift valley
      • Fault scarp
4.  
   1. Name two factors that influence the climate of a place. (2mks)
      • Latitude
      • Distance from the sea
      • Altitude
      • Nature of prevailing wind
      • Inland water bodies
      • ITCZ
   2. The map below shows the climate regions of Kenya.
      Name the regions marked A, B, C. (3mks)
      • A – Tropical desert climate
      •  B – Tropical climate
        C – Modified tropical climate   
5.  
   1. Identify three natural vegetation types found in Africa. (3mks)
      • Tropical rain forest
      • Tropical savanna grassland
      • Health and Moorland
   2. State FIVE characteristic of Tropical Monsoon Forests. (5 MKS)
      • Trees are tall but like equatorial ones
      • Trees grow quite far apart
      • There is heavy undergrowth
      • Trees have more branches
      • Trees shade their leaves in some region.
      • Trees are limited species and appear more or less pure stands.
6.  
   1. List two differences between hardwood and softwood forests. (4mks)
      • Hardwood forest is hard to exploit while softwood forest are easy to exploit.
      • Hardwood forest takes longtime to mature while softwood forest matures faster.
      • Hardwood trees are durable while softwood is less durable.
   2. Identify four problems Canada faces in exploiting her forest resources. (4mks)
      • Slow growth
      • Northern parts are inaccessible
      • Forest fire and disease.
      • Exhaustion of valuable species
   3. Explain four measures of management and conservation of forests. (8mks)
      • Research on characteristics of trees to establish the suitable trees that can be grown in specific area.
      • Public campaign on the value of forest through mass media like newspapers, posters, radio and T.V.s
      • Establishing training institutions deciding with forestry to train the forest personnel on effective ways of managing forests.
      • Use of alternative sources of energy to reduce the over dependence of would fuel.
      • Reduction of wastage industry by recycling the waste of produce other useful product.
      • Enacting of laws to govern the management of forests.
7. What are the demerits of compound bar graphs? (3mks)
   • It involves a lot of calculation
   • Quantities from many regions are emerged giving false impression.
   • Not easy to read and interpret.
   • Not easy to make quick comparison.