INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
- This paper has two sections A and B
- Answer all the questions in section A.
- In section B answer questions 6 and any other TWO questions.
- All your answers must be written in English on the foolscaps provided.
QUESTIONS
SECTION A
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- Define the term weather. (2 marks)
- List three types of fog. (3 marks)
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- Give three types of seismic waves. (3 marks)
- State three human activities that may cause earthquakes. (3 marks)
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- Name two areas in Kenya where heath and moorland vegetation is found. (2 marks)
- State three characteristics of mangrove forests. (3 marks)
- The diagram below shows a vertical section through the zones of underground water.
- Name the parts zones marked X, Y and (3 marks)
- State two ideal conditions necessary for the formation of an artesian well. (2 marks)
- State four ways in which lakes in Kenya were formed. (4 marks)
SECTION B
Answer question 6 and any other two questions from this section
- Study the map of Taita Hills provided and answer the questions that follows
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- What is the position of St. Mary’s High school by latitude and longitude? (2 marks)
- Give three methods of representing relief have been used in the map (3 marks)
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- Calculate the area covered by Ronge forest. (2 marks)
- Give two human made features found in the grid square2523. (2 marks)
- Determine the bearing of the peak of Mrabenyi from the peak of Kigala hill. (2 marks)
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- Using a vertical scale of 1cm to represent 100 metres, draw a cross section between Grid reference 300190 and grid reference 360190. (4 marks)
- On the cross section, mark and label the following features; (4 marks)
- A hill
- A river
- Thicket
- Main track (motorable)
- Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross section. (2 marks)
- Citing evidence from the map, explain two factors influencing the distribution of settlement in the area covered by the map. (4 marks)
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- What is solar system? (2 marks)
- Apart from the sun and the planets, give four other heavenly bodies in the solar system. (4 marks)
- Explain the earth’s origin according to the passing star theory. (8 marks)
- Describe the composition of the earth’s core. (5 marks)
- Explain three reasons for the shape of the earth. (6 marks)
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- Differentiate between internal land forming processes and earth movements. (2 marks)
- Explain how the following causes earth movements
- Movement of magma within the crust. (3 marks)
- Isostastic adjustment. (3 marks)
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- Apart from escarpments, and fault blocks, list three other features formed due to faulting. (3 marks)
- Using a well labelled diagram, describe how an escarpment is formed. (6 marks)
- Explain four ways through which fault blocks influence human activities. (8 marks)
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- List three types of glacier. (3 marks)
- Explain how glacier erodes through the following processes.
- Plucking (3 marks)
- Abrasion (3 marks)
- The diagram below shows some features formed due to glacial deposition in lowlands.
- Name the parts marked P, Q, R and S. (4 marks)
- Describe how a hanging valley is formed. (6 marks)
- Explain three negative effects of glaciated landscapes. (6 marks)
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- Define the term aridity. (2 marks)
- Explain three ways in which wind transports its load (6 marks)
- With the aid of a well labeled diagram, describe how yardangs are formed. (7 marks)
- A group of form four students went out for a field study on action of water in an arid area.
- Name three erosional features that they are likely to have observed. (3 marks)
- State three problems they have encountered during the field study. (3marks)
- What activities would they recommend to the residents in the area as an effort to control desertification? (4 marks)
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