Questions
SECTION A: BASIC SKILLS (30 MARKS)
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- Copy and continue the given opening to make a melody of 16 bars for voice. Modulate to
the relative minor before returning to the tonic. Incorporate syncopated rhythms and tempo
markings. Add phrase marks (9 marks) - Using staff notation compose a tune to suite the following lyrics. Add phrase marks
(6 marks)
Mimi kijana nikisoma,
Nitapaa kama tai.
Elimu ndio nguzo,
Vijana wenza tusome.
- Copy and continue the given opening to make a melody of 16 bars for voice. Modulate to
- Harmonize the following melody for Soprano, Alto, Tenor and Bass (SATB). Choose appropriate chords from the following: I, ii,IV,V and vi. (15 marks)
SECTION B: HISTORY AND ANALYSIS (54 MARKS)
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- AFRICAN MUSIC.
- What is a fiddle? (1 mark)
- Name the parts of the chordophone and state how each of the parts named contributes to
sound production (4marks) - Outline three ways in which an Obokano player can accompany himself (3marks)
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- Kamabeka is a Kenyan dance among the Bukusu, in Luhya community .State the way in
which the dance acquired its name (1 mark) - In which occasion is the dance performed? (1 mark)
- Outline three factors that have influenced the performance and style of Kenyan traditional
dances (3 marks)
- Kamabeka is a Kenyan dance among the Bukusu, in Luhya community .State the way in
- AFRICAN MUSIC.
- WESTERN MUSIC COMPOSERS
Answer any of the two questions numbered (a), (b), (c) and (d)- William Byrd.
- Name Byrd’s nationality
- Explain William Byrd’s styles of composition (4marks)
- What type of work are the following
- Gradualia (1mark)
- Dona nobis pacem (1mark)
- Franz Joseph Haydn.
- In which period of music history did Haydn compose? (1mark)
- Describe Haydn’s service of Esterhazy (2marks)
- Give the standard classic movements of Haydn’s symphonies (4 marks)
- Franz Liszt.
- State the nationality of Liszt (1mark)
- Outline three factors that influenced Liszt as a musician (3marks)
- Give one example of Liszt’s symphonic poem (1marks)
- Name any two of his contemporaries (2marks)
- Bella Bartok.
- In which period of western music history did he compose? (1mark)
- What is the importance of folk music to Bartok? (3marks)
- Outline any three characteristic features of Bartok’s style (3marks)
- William Byrd.
- ANALYSIS OF THE AFRICAN PRESCRIBED WORK.
Chivoti by Diwani Nzaro from youtube- For what media is this work? (1mark)
- Outline the series of events that mark the first section (4marks)
- Explain how contrast is achieved in this work (3marks)
- State any two characteristics of African music evidence in this performance (2marks)
- ANALYSIS OF WESTERN PRESCRIBED WORK.
Too much I once lamented by Thomas Tomkins- Citing examples from the piece, Explain how word painting has been used as a technique in
this piece. (4marks) - Give the dynamic range in the piece (1marks)
- Describe this piece in terms of tempo (1mark)
- In relation to bar numbers, Outline where the following compositional techniques have
been used in the melodic movement. (4marks)- Tie and slur
- Sequence
- Dynamic variation
- Melodies repeat
- Citing examples from the piece, Explain how word painting has been used as a technique in
- UNPREPARED ANALYSIS
Study the music below and answer the questions that follow.- Name the Tonic key and the key to which the music modulates at bars 7 to 8. (2
marks) - By use of bar numbers, identify the following; (2 marks)
- Exact repetition -
- Sequence -
- Name the cadence at bar 3 to 4. (1 mark)
- Write down the most commonly used rhythmic motif. (1 mark
- Name the Tonic key and the key to which the music modulates at bars 7 to 8. (2
SECTION C: GENERAL MUSIC KNOWLEDGE (16 MARKS)
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- The following melody is written for a clarinet in B flat. Rewrite it at concert pitch(5 marks)
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- Who is a concert master? (1 mark)
- Outline two responsibilities of a concert master (2 marks)
- Name any four occasions when the Kenya national anthem is sung (4 marks)
- Define any four of the following terms (4 marks)
- Overture
- Arpeggio
- Picardy third
- Virtuoso
- Coda
Marking Scheme
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- 16 bar melody 16 bars 1 mk
Modulation to and fro (well established) 2 mks Syncopation 2 mk
Tempo markings 1 mk Rhythmic variation 1 mk
Cadences (any two including the final ½ mark each) 1 mk Phrasing (2 bar phrasing , as a whole) 1 mk
Total 9 mks - Writing a melody to given text Syllabic division 1 mk
Speech rhythm 1 mk Accentuation 1 mk
Lyricism 1 mk
Cadences (any two including the final cadence ½ mark each) 1 mk Musicianship 1 mk
- 16 bar melody 16 bars 1 mk
- Chords (1/2 mark for each correct chord) 5 ½ mks Voice leading (Alto, Tenor, Bass) 1 ½ mks
Voice Range (Appropriate range for Alto, Tenor, Bass) 1 ½ mks Cadences ( ½ mark for each cadence at phrase ends) 1 mk Dominant seventh chord and correct resolution 1 ½ mks Progression 4 mks
Total 15 mks
Deduct ½ mark (maximum 3 ½ marks) for the following faults Parallel octaves
Crossing of parts spacing Doubled 3rd in major chords
Wrong use of 2nd inversions Wrong rhythm/note values Stemming
Exposed 5ths and octaves Parallel octaves Overlapping - AFRICAN MUSIC.
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- What is a fiddle? (1 mark)
A single or doudle stringed instrument which produces sound when bowed - Name the parts of the chordophone and state how each of the parts named contributes to sound production (4marks)
Bridge- Raises the strings to avoid contact with the membrane for clarity of the sound Resonator- Amplifies sound
Strings- Vibrate to produce sound when plucked, strummed, bowed Tuning pegs- Tightening and loosening the strings when tuning - Outline three ways in which an Obokano player can accompany himself (3marks)
- Singing
- Dancing
- Playing leg rattles
- What is a fiddle? (1 mark)
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- Kamabeka is a Kenyan dance among the Bukusu, in Luhya community .State the way in which the dance acquired its name (1 mark)
- It acquired its name from the body parts (shoulders) which exhibits the moves
- In which occasion is the dance performed? (1 mark)
- initiation
- Outline three factors that have influenced the performance and style of Kenyan traditional dances (3 marks)
- Influence from modern dance moves eg odie dance
- Change in costume as a result of geographical factors results to change in moves Western influence leads to incorporation of Western dance moves to Kenyan dances
- Kamabeka is a Kenyan dance among the Bukusu, in Luhya community .State the way in which the dance acquired its name (1 mark)
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- WESTERN MUSIC COMPOSERS
Answer any of the two questions numbered (a), (b), (c) and (d)- William Byrd.
- Name Byrd’s nationality (1 mark)
- English
- Explain William Byrd’s styles of composition (4marks) Contrapuntal style
- Cantus firmus
- Use of word painting Free rhythms
- Free use of dissonance
- Change of meter in instrumental work
- What type of work are the following
- Gradualia (1mark)
- motet
- Dona nobis pacem (1mark)
- mass
- Gradualia (1mark)
- Name Byrd’s nationality (1 mark)
- Franz Joseph Haydn.
- In which period of music history did Haydn compose? (1mark)
- classical period
- Describe Haydn’s service of Esterhazy (2marks)
- Conducting the orchestra
- Coaching the singers for operatic performance Supervise musicians
- Composing all music requested by the patron Keep instruments in repair
- Give the standard classic movements of Haydn’s symphonies (4 marks)
- Allegro (in sonata form) Slow / andante
- Minuet and trio Allegro in rondo form
- In which period of music history did Haydn compose? (1mark)
- Franz Liszt.
- State the nationality of Liszt (1mark)
- Hungarian
- Outline three factors that influenced Liszt as a musician (3marks) Chopin influenced his piano music
- Paganini great piano virtuoso influence his piano playing Berlioz influenced orchestral music
- He was influenced by the works of early composers like J.S Bach of Baroque period and Palestrina of renaissance period
- He was influenced by his own father
- He was also influenced by Richard Wagner
- Give one example of Liszt’s symphonic poem (1marks)
- Les preludes
- Name any two of his contemporaries (2marks)
- Wagner Mendelssohn
- Barlioz Chopin
- Dvorak Tchaikovsky
- State the nationality of Liszt (1mark)
- Bella Bartok.
- In which period of western music history did he compose? (1mark)
- 20th century
- What is the importance of folk music to Bartok? (3marks)
- Folk music was an inspiration to Bella Bartok from the beginning to the end
- He imitated the strumming accompaniments to folk tunes There is always an earthly feel to Bartok’s folksong output
- He applied the folksongs and dances in his most discordant phrases
- He used the established forms like rondo and sonata in his folksong arrangement
- His other compositions are saturated with folk music idioms like rhythms, modes and melodic tunes
- Outline any three characteristic features of Bartok’s style (3marks)
- It had some Romantic characteristics elements
- He employed Hungarian folk elements
- He employed short melodies in contrapuntal and harmonic textures in the same composition
- His music embrace a wide range of emotions and is deeply expressive
- He made use of old church modes and pentatonic scale along with other scales He was fond of glissandos in his use of timpani
- Rhythmically, his music is characterized by powerful beat , unexpected accents and changing meters.
- He also used irregular and asymmetric patterns
- In which period of western music history did he compose? (1mark)
- William Byrd.
- ANALYSIS OF THE AFRICAN PRESCRIBED WORK.
Chivoti by Diwani Nzaro from youtube- For what media is this work? (1mark)
- Instrumental
- Outline the series of events that mark the first section (4marks)
- The first idiophone introduce the work using the following rhythm/beat d d /d d d d d d / d d d d d d
- It maintains the same pattern up to the end of the performance
- The second idiophone comes in after about four crotchet beats by the first idiophone The second idiophone plays the following rhythmic pattern
- d /d d /d d /d d /d up to the end of this performance The two idiophones cue in the chivoti player
- Explain how contrast is achieved in this work (3marks)
- Idiophones produce only the percussive sound
- Chivoti produces a melody
- Chivoti has a different rhythmic pattern than the idiophones Every idiophone has its own rhythm
- State any two characteristics of African music evidence in this performance (2 marks)
- Short repetitive melody
- African instruments used
- The stable tonality The strophic style used
- Use of pentatonic scale Call and response in style
- For what media is this work? (1mark)
- ANALYSIS OF WESTERN PRESCRIBED WORK.
Too much I once lamented by Thomas Tomkins- Citing examples from the piece, Explain how word painting has been used as a technique in this piece. (4marks)
- Use of long rhythms which are tied to express the concept of too much Use of dull music and dissonance to paint torment
- Use of slow tempo to indicate lamentation
- Use of melismas like in the word lamented in tenor from bars 5 - 6
- Give the dynamic range in the piece (1marks)
- f (loud) p (soft)
- Describe this piece in terms of tempo (1mark)
- Slow tempo
- In relation to bar numbers, Outline where the following compositional techniques have been used in the melodic movement. (4marks)
- Tie and slur
- bars 8-9, 11-13, 18-19, 22-23, 49-51
- Sequence
- Bars 26-27 bass repeats the melody it introduced in bars 24-25 by a sequence In bars 28-29 tenor repeats bars26-27 of bass by a sequence
- Tenor performs a sequence at bars 69-79and bars 71-72, 74-75
- Dynamic variation
- Bars 5-12 (mf), 13-20 (f), 21-22 (dim), 30-34 (f) 36-50 (p)
- Melodies repeat
- Bars 73-74, soprano 1 and soprano 2, tenor bars 74-75, bass bars 73-74
- Tie and slur
- Citing examples from the piece, Explain how word painting has been used as a technique in this piece. (4marks)
- UNPREPARED ANALYSIS
Study the music below and answer the questions that follow.- Name the Tonic key and the key to which the music modulates at bars 7 to 8. (2 marks)
- C Major
- Modulates to A minor at bars 7- 8
- By use of bar numbers, identify the following; (2 marks)
- Exact repetition - Bars 12b to 14 repeated at bars 16b to 18
- Sequence - Bars 9 -10 sequenced at bars 11 - 12
- Name the cadence at bar 3 to 4. (1 mark)|
- Imperfect cadence
- Write down the most commonly used rhythmic motif. (1 mark)
- Name the Tonic key and the key to which the music modulates at bars 7 to 8. (2 marks)
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- The following melody is written for a clarinet in B flat. Rewrite it at concert pitch (5 marks)
-
- Who is a concert master? (1 mark)
- The most skilled and knowledgeable violinist of the orchestra. The chief intermediary between the musicians and the conductor
- Outline two responsibilities of a concert master (2 marks)
- Dictating bowings to the first violin section
- Playing solo passages in the absence of a guest soloist
- Who is a concert master? (1 mark)
- Name any four occasions when the Kenya national anthem is sung (4 marks)
- During ceremonial occasion like Madaraka, Jamuhuri day Labour day
- During parade in institutions on Monday and Friday
- When there is a president from another country Special games eg. Athletics, football
- Define any four of the following terms (4 marks)
- Overture
- An orchestral composition forming the prelude or introduction to an opera, oratorio
- Arpeggio
- Is a broken chord, or a chord in which individual notes are struck one by one rather than all together at once
- Picardy third
- Is a harmonic device used in Western classical music. It refers to the use of a major chord of the tonic at the end of a musical section that is either modal or in a minor key
- Virtuoso
- Performing with exceptional ability, technique or artistry
- Coda
- A tail piece; a closing section appended to a movement
- Overture
- The following melody is written for a clarinet in B flat. Rewrite it at concert pitch (5 marks)
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