History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Bondo Mocks 2021 Exams

• This paper comprises of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer all questions from section A, any three questions from Section B and any two questions from section C.
• Candidates should answer the questions in English.

SECTION A (25 marks)

Answer all questions

1. Give one economic importance of studying Government. (1 mark)
2. Name two Bantu communities whose ancestors settled in Mt. Elgon before migrating to their present homeland in Kenya. (2 marks)
3. Identify one way in which the Monsoon winds led to the development of trade between the Kenyan Coast and the outside world. (1 mark)
4. State the main reason why the Mijikenda lived in Kayas. (1 mark)
5. Name two Arab families which ruled the Kenyan coast on behalf of the Oman. (2 marks)
6. Identify two symbols of National Unity in Kenya. (2 marks)
7. Give two classes of the rights of the child. (2 marks)
8. State two terms of the Heligoland treaty of 1890. (2 marks)
9. State two ways in which direct democracy is exercised in Kenya. (2 marks)
10. Give the main reason why taxation was imposed on Kenyans during the colonial period. (1 mark)
11. State one problem experienced by the schools in Kenya during the colonial rule. (1 mark)
12. Identify the constitutional change that increased the number of Africans in the Leg Co by 1957. (1 mark)
13. Name one member of the executive arm of government of Kenya. (1 mark)\
14. State one reason why party nominations are important before elections in Kenya. (1 mark)
15. Identify the major political challenge that Daniel Toroitich Arap Moi faced as a president of the Republic of Kenya. (1 mark)
16. Name two pillars of the Nyayo Philosophy in Kenya. (2 marks)
17. Identify two methods of elections that have been used to elect political leaders in Kenya. (2 marks)

SECTION B (45 marks)

Answer any three questions

18.  
    1. State five reasons which influenced the migration of plain Nilotes in Kenya to their present homeland.
       (5 marks)
    2. Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the Maasai during the colonial period in Kenya. (10 marks)
19.  
    1. Identify three factors that led to the growth of towns along the Kenyan coast in the 19th Century.
       (3 marks)
    2. Explain six reasons for the decline of the Portuguese rule along the coast in the19th Century. (12 marks)
20.  
    1. State five reasons why the Nandi resisted the British rule in Kenya. (5 marks)
    2. Discuss five factors that enabled the Nandi to wage a protracted resistance against the British.
       (10 marks)
21.  
    1. Identify five methods used by the colonial government to discourage the Mau Mau activities in Kenya.
       (5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors that contributed to the formation of political associations in Kenya before 1939.
       (10 marks)

SECTION C (30 marks)

Answer any two questions

22.  
    1. State three circumstances under which citizenship by registration can be revoked. (3 marks)
    2. Outline six social rights of a Kenyan citizen. (12 marks)
23.  
    1. State composition of the judiciary in Kenya. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six reasons why the parliament in Kenya is a supreme organ. (12 marks)
24.  
    1. Identify three requirements in the constitution making process. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six challenges facing the correctional institutions in Kenya. (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1. Give one economic importance of studying Government.
   • To help one understand how the government raises and spends revenue. (1x1=1 mk)
2. Name two Bantu communities whose ancestors settled in Mt. Elgon before migrating to their present homeland in Kenya.
   1. Abaluhyia
   2. Abagusii
   3. Abakuria (any correct 2x1=2 mks)
3. Identify one way in which the Monsoon winds led to the development of trade between the Kenyan Coast and the outside world.
   • It facilitated the movement of traders and goods. (1x1=1 mk)
4. State the main reason why the Mijikenda lived in Kayas.
   • For security /protection (1x1=1 mk)
5. Name two Arab families which ruled the Kenyan coast on behalf of the Oman.
   1. The mazrui family
   2. The Nabahan family 
   3. The Busaidi family (Any correct 2x1=2 mks)
6. Identify two symbols of National Unity in Kenya.
   1. The National flag 
   2. The National Anthem
   3. The public seal 
   4. The coat of arms (any correct 2x1=2 mks)
      NB;- DO not award the – the flag
                                           - The anthem
7. Give two classes of the rights of the child.
   1. Survival rights 
   2. Development rights
   3. Protection rights (Any correct 2x1=2 mks)
8. State two terms of the Heligoland treaty of 1890.
   1. The sultan of Zanzibar retained the 16km coastal strip.
   2. Germany abandoned her claim over Witu/the British gave up Heligoland to Germany.
   3. Germany acquired a strip of land on Lake Tanganyika from the Sultan of Zanzibar.
   4. Germany officially recognized that Uganda was a British sphere of influence. (Any correct 2x1=2 mks)
9. State two ways in which direct democracy is exercised in Kenya.
   
   1. Referendum
   2. Plebiscite/consensus 
   3. Popular initiative 
   4. Through recall (2mks)
10. Give the main reason why taxation was imposed on Kenyans during the colonial period.
    • To compel the Africans to provide labour /work in the European farms. (1x1=1 mk)
11. State one problem experienced by the schools in Kenya during the colonial rule.
    1. Lack of adequate trained teachers 
    2. Inadequate funds 
    3. Leadership wrangles
    4. Harassment by the colonial government (Any correct 1x1=1mk)
12. Identify the constitutional change that increased the number of Africans in the Leg Co by 1957.
    
    • Introduction of the Lennox Boyd constitution.(1x1=1 mk)
13. Name one member of the executive arm of government of Kenya.
    1. The president
    2. Deputy president
    3. The cabinet
    4. The public service (1x1=1 mk)
14. State one reason why party nominations are important before elections in Kenya.
    1. To limit the number of candidates
    2. To identify party candidates \ It’s a constitutional requirement(Any correct 1x1=1 m
15. Identify the major political challenge that Daniel Toroitich Arap Moi faced as a president of the Republic of Kenya.
    • the attempted/abortive coup de’tat (1982)(1x1=1 mk)
16. Name two pillars of the Nyayo Philosophy in Kenya.
    1. Peace 
    2. Love
    3. Unity (any correct 2x1=2 mks)
17. Identify two methods of elections that have been used to elect political leaders in Kenya.
    1. Mlolongo (queuing)
    2. Acclamation
    3. Secret ballot  (Any correct 2x1=2 mks)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

18.  
    1. State five reasons which influenced the migration of plain Nilotes in Kenya to their present homeland.
       1. To escape outbreak of drought and famine 
       2. To ease population pressure in their cradle land
       3. To escape external attacks 
       4. To escape internal feuds/conflicts
       5. To escape disease /epidemics e.g sleeping sickness
       6. To fulfill their spirit of adventure /explore
       7. To look for better grazing lands. (Any correct 5x1=5 mks)
    2. Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the Maasai during the colonial period in Kenya.
       1. It led to population increase in the area they finally settled.
       2. It led to the intensification of warfare 
       3. It led to the displacement of other people.
       4. It led to assimilation of weaker and smaller communities.
       5. It led to intermarriages with other tribes e.g Akamba
       6. It led to exchange of cultural practices.
       7. It enhanced trade with other communities.  (10 mks)
19.  
    1. Identify three factors that led to the growth of towns along the Kenyan coast in the 19th Century.
       1. The development of the Indian Ocean trade.
       2. The coming and settlements along the cost by early visitors 
       3. Existence of natural harbours
       4. Some towns were located on islands/security
       5. Favourable climatic conditions
       6. Increase of population due to intermarriages
       7. Good leadership by the rulers.
       8. Political stability along the coast. (Any correct 3x1=3 mks)
    2. Explain six reasons for the decline of the Portuguese rule along the coast in the19th Century.
       1. The coastal people got support from the Turks and Arabs 
       2. Constant rebellion along the coast
       3. Attack by tropical diseases e.g Malaria which claimed many lives.
       4. Attack by the cannibal Zimba warriors. 
       5. Poor climatic conditions i.e too cold or too hot.
       6. The distance between Portugal and the East African coast was too far hence delayed reinforcement.
       7. Communication barrier
       8. The Portuguese officials were corrupt
       9. The attack and annexation of Fort Jesus by the Oman Arab. (Any correct 6x2=12 mks)
20.  
    1. State five reasons why the Nandi resisted the British rule in Kenya.
       1. The Nandi had gained a lot of pride
       2. The Nandi military superiority
       3. The Nandi detested the physical appearance of the white man.
       4. The Nandi were opposed to land alienation
       5. Kimnyole’s prophecy
       6. The Nandi had a history of resisting intruders
       7. To safe guard their independence.(Any 5x1=5 mks)
    2. Discuss five factors that enabled the Nandi to wage a protracted resistance against the British.
       1. The British came at a time when the Nandi were at the best of their power.
       2. The age set system provided the Nandi with warriors 
       3. The Nandi had knowledge in weapon manufacture.
       4. Regular food supply and weapons
       5. They understood the terrain on which they were fighting.
       6. The application of the guerilla tactics.
       7. Existence of strong leadership by the Orkoiyot.
       8. The British troops were affected by the respiratory infections due to cold weather.
       9. The Nandi received assistance from the Kipsigis. (10 mks)
21.  
    1. Identify five methods used by the colonial government to discourage the Mau Mau activities in Kenya.
       1. Arrest and detention of leaders
       2. Use of armed forces to suppress the movement
       3. Killing and execution of activists
       4. Use of traitors/spies to reveal the hide outs
       5. Banning of political parties and movements
       6. Declaration of state of emergency 
       7. Torturing the Mau Mau fighters (5x1=5 mks)
    2. Explain five factors that contributed to the formation of political associations in Kenya before 1939.
       1. There was massive alienation of Afircn lands
       2. To bring an end to the kipande system
       3. To fight against the introduction of forced labour
       4. Introduction of heavy taxation 
       5. Poor working conditions for Africans 
       6. Prohibition of Africans from growing cash crops 
       7. Limited opportunities for Africans to acquire education
       8. Introduction of the destocking policy
       9. Desire to maintain their independence 
       10. Undermining of African culture  (Any correct 5x2=10  mks)

SECTION C(30 MARKS)

22.  
    1. State three circumstances under which citizenship by registration can be revoked.
       1. If acquired through fraud /corruption
       2. If the person assists an enemy to Kenya during war 
       3. If the person has, within five years after registration, been convicted of an offence and sentences to 3 years or longer imprisonment term 
       4. If convicted of treason. (Any correct 3x1=3 mks)
    2. Outline six social rights of a Kenyan citizen.
       1. Right to health care services
       2. Right to housing facilities 
       3. Right to accessible formal education 
       4. Right to better nutrition 
       5. Right to clean and safe water 
       6. Right to culture and language
       7. Right to a clean environment – free from pollution. (Any correct 6x2=12 mks)
23.  
    1. State composition of the judiciary in Kenya.
       1. Judges 
       2. Chief justice
       3. Deputy chief justice
       4. Court clerks 
       5. Magistrates (3x1=3 mks)
    2. Explain six reasons why the parliament in Kenya is a supreme organ.
       1. It is the only body that makes and repeals laws.
       2. Can impeach the president
       3. Can limit the powers of the executive
       4. Cabinet secretaries are accountable to the parliament 
       5. Bills prepared by the cabinet are legislated by the parliament.
       6. The parliament has to approve government revenue and expenditure. (6x2=12 mks)
24.  
    1. Identify three requirements in the constitution making process. 
       1. debate over contentious issues
       2. collection of public views
       3. civic education
       4. convening of constitutional conferences
       5. drafting of the constitution
       6. referendum 
       7. enactment by the parliament
       8. promulgation          (Any correct 3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain six challenges facing the correctional institutions in Kenya.
       1. Overcrowding due to increased number of inmates
       2. Inadequate facilities/poor living conditions
       3. Inadequate funds to run its programmes
       4. Rampant spread of STI’s and HIV/AIDS
       5. Mistreatment of the inmates by the warders
       6. Food shortage 
       7. Increased cases of corruption
       8. Some inmates have hardened themselves hence difficult to rehabilitate.
       9. Political interferences
       10. Inadequate medical facilities and clothing  (6x2=12 mks)