History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Arise and Shine Mock Exams 2022

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Instructions to candidates:
  1. This paper consists of THREE sections A, B and C.
  2. Answer ALL questions in section A, three questions in section B and two questions from section C.
  3. Answers to all questions MUST be written in the ruled papers provided.
  4. Candidates should answer the questions in English. 
For Examiner’s Use Only

SECTION

QUESTIONS

MAX.

SCORED

A

B

1 – 17

18

19

20

21

25

15

15

15

15

 

C

22

23

24

15

15

15

 

TOTAL

100

 

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (25 marks)
Answer All the Questions in This Section
  1. Give the meaning of the term pre-history. (1 mark)
  2. Name two groups of western Bantu whose ancestors settled at Mt. Elgon before moving to their present homeland. (2 marks)
  3. Give two reasons why there was great demand for slaves along the East African Coast in the 19th century.  (2 marks)
  4. State two religious functions performed by the Oloiboni of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period. (2 marks)
  5. State two factors which encouraged the Akamba to participate in the long distance trade during the 19th century. (2 marks)
  6. Give the name of the Wanga leader who collaborated with the British. (1 mark)
  7. State the MAIN duty of the Governor during the British Colonial rule in Kenya. (1 mark)
  8. Give two recommendations of the Devonshire White Paper (1923) on representation in the legislative council. (2 marks)
  9. Give two roles of the welfare organizations in Kenya during the colonial period. (2 marks)
  10. State one way through which a person may become a member of parliament in Kenya. (1 mark)
  11. State the main function of parliament in Kenya. (1 mark)
  12. Identify two reasons why elections are conducted in Kenya every five years. (2 marks)
  13. Give one political party that was formed after the second Lancaster House Conference of 1962. (1 mark)
  14. Give two subordinate courts in Kenya. (2 marks)
  15. State the main source of government revenue in Kenya. (1 mark)
  16. Mention one non-military function of the Kenya Defense Forces (KDF) (1 mark)
  17. Name one national philosophy in Kenya. (1 mark) 
SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer Any THREE Questions in this Section
  1.                            
    1. Give five reasons for the migration of the luo into Kenya during the 19th century. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five effects of migration and settlement of the luo into Kenya. (10 marks)
  2.                        
    1. State three reasons why Seyyid Said transferred his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar in 1840. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six factors which contributed to the development of trade between the Kenyan Coast and the outside world in the 16th century. (12 marks)
  3.                  
    1. Give five common characteristics of the political parties formed in colonial Kenya after 1945 (5 marks)
    2. Explain five roles played by the Kenya Federation of Labour (KFL) during the colonial period in Kenya. (10 marks)
  4.                        
    1. Give five features of African socialism as adopted by Kenya after independence. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five social effects of the National Philosophies in Kenya. (10 marks)
SECTION C - 30 MARKS
Answer Any Two Questions in this Section
  1.                          
    1. Give three levels of conflicts that can be experienced in Kenya (3 marks)
    2. Explain six factors that promote national unity in Kenya (12 marks)
  2.                      
    1. State three functions of the Chief Justice in Kenya (3 marks)
    2. Explain six factors that undermine the administration of Justice in Kenya. (12 marks)
  3.                    
    1. State five functions of a Returning Officer in a General Election in Kenya. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors which can interfere with free and fair elections in Kenya. (10 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25 marks)
Answer All the Questions in This Section

  1. Give the meaning of the term pre-history. (1 mark)
    • It is the unrecorded (unwritten) history/ History before writing was invented.
      1 X 1 = 1mark
  2. Name two groups of western Bantu whose ancestors settled at Mt. Elgon before moving to their present homeland. (2 marks)
    • Abagusii
    • Abaluhya
    • Abakuria
    • Abasuba 2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  3. Give two reasons why there was great demand for slaves along the East African Coast in the 19th century. (2 marks)
    • Slaves worked as domestic workers and soldiers in Arabia.
    • Portuguese required slaves to work on plantations in Brazil their colony.
    • Slaves worked in plantation farms in Mombasa and Malindi.
    • Slaves were required as porters to transport trade items such as ivory.
      Any 2point X 1 = 2 marks
  4. State two religious functions performed by the Oloiboni of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period. (2 marks)
    • He foretold the future/consulted God .
    • He presided over religious ceremonies /activities.
    • He offered prayers on behalf of the community.
    • He blessed warriors before going to war.
      2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  5. State two factors which encouraged the Akamba to participate in the long distance trade during the 19th century. (2 marks)
    • Existence of enterprising local traders among the Akamba.
    • Demand for some commodities of trade.
    • Availabilityof goods.
    • Existence of trade routes.
    • Strategic/middle position of Akamba land between the coastal and hinterland.
    • Unfavorable climatic conditions of Akambaland.
      Any 2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  6. Give the name of the Wanga leader who collaborated with the British. (1 mark)
    • Nabongo Mumia
  7. State the MAIN duty of the Governor during the British Colonial rule in Kenya. (1 mark)
    • To facilitate effective administration of the colony on behalf of the British government.
  8. Give two recommendations of the Devonshire White Paper (1923) on representation in the legislative council. (2 marks)
    • Africans were to be represented by a white missionary.
    • Indians were to elect five members to the Legco on a common/separate roll.
    • The settlers were to maintain their Legco representation /more members.
      2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  9. Give two roles of the welfare organizations in Kenya during the colonial period. (2 marks)
    • Aroused political awareness among people.
    • Organized social activities e.g. sports and games, burial and medical care.
    • They sponsored students to study abroad/provided fees for education.
      Any 2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  10. State one way through which a person may become a member of parliament in Kenya. (1 mark)
    • Through election
    • Through nomination.
    • Through holding on ex-officio office.
      Any 1 point X 1 = 1 mark
  11. State the main function of parliament in Kenya. (1 mark)
    • To make laws.
      1 point X 1 = 1 mark
  12. Identify two reasons why elections are conducted in Kenya every five years. (2 marks)
    • It is a constitutional requirement.
    • To enable Kenyans to elect leaders of their choice.
    • To enable Kenyans to remove the non-performing leaders.
    • To enable eligible Kenyans to exercise their democratic right of voting.
      Any 2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  13. Give one political party that was formed after the second Lancaster House Conference of 1962. (1 mark)
    • Kenya African National Union (KANU)
    • Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU)
    • African People Party (APP) Any 1 point X 1 = 1 mark
  14. Give two subordinate courts in Kenya. (2 marks)
    • The magistrate’s court
    • Tribunal court
    • Court martials Any 2 points X 1 = 2 marks
  15. State the main source of government revenue in Kenya. (1 mark)
    • Taxation 1 point X 1 = 1 mark
  16. Mention one non-military function of the Kenya Defense Forces (KDF) (1 mark)
    • Construction of bridges, roads and government facilities.
    • Helping in locust control.
    • Entertaining the public during National Holiday
    • Providing emergency relief services.
      Any 1 point X 1 = 1 mark
  17. Name one national philosophy in Kenya. (1 mark)
    • Nyayoism
    • Harambee
    • African socialism. Any 1 point X 1 = 1 mark
  18.                          
    1. Give five reasons for the migration of the luo into Kenya during the 19th century. (5 marks)
      • Due to drought and famibne.
      • Due to diseases
      • Due to population pressure in their cradle land.
      • They were escaping from external attacks.
      • Due to internal feuds and quarrels
      • Spirit of adventure
      • They were looking for fishing areas. 5 X 1 = 5 marks
    2. Explain five effects of migration and settlement of the luo into Kenya. (10 marks)
      • It led to population increase in the country.
      • Led to intermarriage e.g Luo and Abaluhya
      • They displaced other communities e.g. Maasai, Abakuria
      • Some luo assimilates the people they met e.g. Luhya
      • Trading activities increased with the arrival of the luo
      • They exchanged livestock with their neighbours
      • Their contact with Bantu made them adopt agriculture.
        5 X 2 = 10 marks
  19.                          
    1. State three reasons why Seyyid Said transferred his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar in 1840. (3 marks)
      • Zanzibar was an island hence easy to defend.
      • Zanzibar was loyal and supported him during the war.
      • Zanzibar had deep natural harbors.
      • It had fertile soils for cultivation of cloves.
      • It had clean fresh water and pleasant climate.
      • Zanzibar was centrally placed /positioned.
        3 X 1 = 3 marks
    2. Explain six factors which contributed to the development of trade between the Kenyan Coast and the outside world in the 16th century. (12 marks)
      • Availability of trade items
      • The demand for trade items.
      • Existence of enterprising merchants that promoted the trade.
      • Accessibility of the East African Coast by sea.
      • Existence of natural harbors for docking of ships.
      • The use of monsoon winds which facilitated the movement of vessels.
      • Political stability.
      • Availability of credit facilities from Indian Bagans/money lenders
      • Advancement in ship building.
        6 X 2 = 12 marks
  20.                                
    1. Give five common characteristics of the political parties formed in colonial Kenya after 1945 (5 marks)
      • They had a national outlook
      • The main objective was to fight for independence/self-rule
      • They were led by the educated elites.
      • They demanded for improved conditions for African workers
      • They had large membership
      • They demanded for the return of their alleviated land.
        5 X 1 = 5 marks
    2. Explain five roles played by the Kenya Federation of Labour (KFL) during the colonial period in Kenya. (10 marks)
      • It kept the spirit of nationalism alive especially after banning of KAU.
      • It educated African workers on their rights.
      • It fought for improvement of working and living conditions for African leaders.
      • It prepared African nationalists for leadership roles e.g. Tom Mboya, Martin Shikuku etc.
      • It secured international support for African nationalism in Kenya e.g. it sent letters to the international confederation of free trade unions and international labour organization(LLO)
  21.                  
    1. Give five features of African socialism as adopted by Kenya after independence. (5 marks)
      • Democracy was embraced.
      • Mutual social responsibility.
      • Private and public ownership for economic development.
      • Mixed economy to improve production.
      • Progressive Africanisation of the economy.
      • Equal opportunities in job opportunities.
      • Provision of social services e.g. education and healthcare.
        5 X 1 = 5 marks
    2. Explain five social effects of the National Philosophies in Kenya. (10 marks)
      • The philosophies have encouraged cooperation and unity among Kenyans.
      • They have encouraged Kenyans to actively participate in development projects.
      • Through the philosophies, education has been promoted e.g. building schools, colleges and universities.
      • The philosophies have encouraged mutual social responsibility among Kenyans.
      • The philosophies have promoted spiritual wellbeing of the people through building of churches.
      • They have campaigned for the interests of the disadvantaged people through organizing harambees and charity activities.
      • They have helped to improve medical services by constructing dispensaries, health centres and hospitals.
  22.                          
    1. Give three levels of conflicts that can be experienced in Kenya (3 marks)
      • Individual verses individual
      • Group verses group
      • Individual verses state
      • Group verses state
      • State verses state.
        Any 3 points X 1 = 3 marks
    2. Explain six factors that promote national unity in Kenya (12 marks)
      • The constitution which unites all Kenyans.
      • One government which has three arms; Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.
      • The presidency who unifies Kenyans and is the spokesman and international representative of Kenyans.
      • Education – one curriculum and other co-curricular activities e.g. music, drama, etc.
      • National language – Kiswahili unites people from different ethnic communities.
      • National activities e.g. National holidays, Jamhuri, Mashujaa, Madaraka;
      • Agricultural and other shows.
      • Games and sports
      • Disaster management programmes.
      • Mass media which inform and educate the public.
      • Symbols of national unity e.g. National Flag, National Anthem, Court of Arms, Public Seal, etc.
      • Economic growth and fair distribution of resources, urbanization and common currency or employment opportunities.
        Any 6 points X 2 = 12 marks
  23.                            
    1. State three functions of the Chief Justice in Kenya (3 marks)
      • He/she is the head of the Judiciary.
      • Swears in the President Elect.
      • He /she is the president of the supreme court.
      • Chairs the Judiciary Service Commission (J.S.C) meetings.
      • Swears in newly admitted advocates of the High Court.
      • Assigns duties to the judges of the Supreme Court.
        Any 3 points X 1 = 3 marks
    2. Explain six factors that undermine the administration of Justice in Kenya. (12 marks)
      • Corrupt practices in courts of law lead to unfair decisions.
      • Political interference may influence judgement made in courts.
      • Confining suspects in remand for longer period without presenting them in a court of law for prosecution.
      • Lack of impartiality during the trials may lead to unfair judgement.
      • Inability of the police to carry out thorough investigations on suspected criminals.
      • Inability of the ordinary people to meet the cost of prolonged court cases.
      • Lack of knowledge regarding legal procedures hence many find themselves implicated unfairly.
      • Inadequate legal officers to handle the many cases e.g. magistrates and judges, etc.
      • Lack of modern technology to promote court registry system.
      • Lack of one common law derails the effective administration of justice.
        Any 6 points X 2 = 12 marks
  24.                
    1. State five functions of a Returning Officer in a General Election in Kenya. (5 marks
      • To receive nomination papers from prospective candidates in wards, constituencies or country’s presidential candidates.
      • To set up polling stations/booths in each polling station where voting takes place.
      • To distribute ballot papers/boxes to all polling stations which are manned by presiding officers.
      • To supervise voting and counting of votes in the constituency.
      • To appoint presiding officers who are
      • To appoint presiding officers who are going to be in charge of the polling station
    2. Explain five factors which can interfere with free and fair elections in Kenya. (10 marks)
      • Corruption among electoral official and other players
      • Election violence during the election period
      • Illiteracy of some voters make theme easily misled when voting
      • Incompetent election officials
      • Rigging may interfere with election where wrong candidate is declared the winner.
      • Inadequate voter education demies the electorate opportunity to learn the importance of participating in elections
      • Poor physical infrastructure were some polling stations may be inaccessible and hence denying voters chance to vote.
      • Poor physical infrastructure where some polling station may be inaccessible and hence denying voters chance to vote.
      • Harassment of voters by supporters of difference candidate.
      • Electoral equipment like BVR Kits can breakdown during elections thereby slowing down the process.
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